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This article provides information on the evaluation of a project between the Australian Museum and the Juvenile Justice department in New South Wales, Australia, where young people who offend of Pacific Islander heritage were introduced to an extensive range of Pacific Islander cultural materials. The key assumption of the project was that young Pacific Islander people who offend struggled with cultural identity issues, and that a meaningful connection with their heritage would improve cultural knowledge and pride—thereby reducing their involvement in crime. However, this assumption was not borne out by the study's results. Firstly, the twenty‐two Pacific Islander young offender study participants were already proud of their heritage, and comfortable in their cultural identities. Secondly, though they enjoyed their visit to the museum, most did not want to visit again, so there was no sustained engagement. Thirdly, the Museum program was not designed as part of a holistic approach with multiple strategies which addressed the complex reasons for youth offending. Despite eight out of the twenty‐two participants reoffending after the Museum visit, there was enough potential for the rehabilitative intervention that the Museum was granted funding to take its program to the community and make it more user‐centered. This, it is hoped, will set it on a path towards more sustained engagement, and the potential for a greater influence on Pacific Islander youth. 相似文献
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Supriya Baily 《Gender and education》2015,27(7):828-845
The year 2015 marks the twentieth anniversary of the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, with a goal to contribute to gender equality globally. As scholars continue in their quest to ‘take stock’ of the ways in which gender and education work in tandem to achieve greater gender equality, we observe a revival in interest regarding conversations on gender and education. These conversations cover a gamut of related issues, including teaching and achievement as well as a number of intersecting issues such as gender-based violence. Within the conversation has been a continued focus on the role of equity primarily defined as access and opportunity. This paper explores the context of quality as it relates to equity in education and addresses the problems that are still left on the margins. Our goal is to take stock and assess the strength of evidence and to provide directions for future research. 相似文献
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Biswajit Majumdar Susri Ray Chaudhuri Arun Ray Sandip K Bandyopadhyay 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2002,17(1):49-57
Pretreatment of an ethanolic extract of leaf ofPiper betle linn at a dose of 200mg/kg body weight, orally administered to rats for ten consecutive days, was found to possess a significant
protective action against gastric lesions induced by indomethacin. The extract pretreatment resulted in significant increase
in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, increase in mucus, hexosamine and total thiol group content, but
marked reduction in oxidatively damaged protein and peroxidised lipid levels as compared to untreated ulcerated control. The
extract was also found to possess both superoxide and hydroxyl free radical scavenging action. The present observations establish
the efficacy of the extract in prevention of experimentally induced peptic ulcer by indomethacin and antioxidant property
appears to be predominantly responsible for such cytoprotective activity in the experimental model. 相似文献
5.
Joydeep Dutta Chaudhuri 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(2):250-271
There has been a fundamental change in health care pedagogy to address the demands and challenges posed by the present generation of millennial students. There is also a growing recognition of the role of intrinsic motivation as a catalyst in a positive learning experience. The term intrinsic motivation refers to energizing behavior that comes from within an individual and develops due to an inherent interest in the activity at hand. However, stimulating intrinsic motivation in the present generation of millennial health care students is a daunting task, considering their diverse and disparate nature. In addition, the inherent generational differences between educators and students, and an increasing emphasis on technological tools have resulted in a dichotomy in the educational environment leading to the development of a greater incidence of burnouts among students. Hence, numerous innovative techniques have been introduced in health care education to enhance the levels of intrinsic motivation in these students. Unfortunately, most of these approaches have only been moderately successful due to their limited ability to address the unique educational expectations of millennial students. The cumulative evidence suggests that specific approaches to stimulate intrinsic motivation should aim at nurturing the learning efforts of students, bridging the generational barriers between educators and students, and ameliorating the stress associated with health care education. Hence, the specific aim of this narrative review is to suggest empirically proven curricular strategies and institutional reforms to enhance intrinsic motivation in health care students belonging to the Millennial Generation. 相似文献
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A. Supriya Simon D. Dinesh Roy V. Jayapal T. Vijayakumar 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(2):164-168
Cardiometabolic syndrome is one of the major public health issues of this century which describes a cluster of clinical characteristics.
Seventy two patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiometabolic syndrome and forty healthy age and sex matched
normal controls were selected for this study. Detailed clinical epidemiological and anthropometric characteristics were noted.
Lipid profile and Cytokinesis-block micronuclei (CBMN) assay using cytochalasin B were carried out in all the subjects. Serum
total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol was significantly higher and HDL cholesterol was significantly lower in
patients compared to their normal counter-parts (P<0.05). CBMN frequency of the patients was significantly higher at all ages
compared to their normal counter parts (P<0.05). Various risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, abdominal
obesity, smoking and alcoholism were found influenced the CBMN frequency; but the changes were not significant. From this
study it can be concluded that DNA damage was found to be higher in patients with cardiometabolic syndrome which may be attributed
to the generation of free radicals associated with alcohol consumption, tobacco use, dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance
and the accumulation of free radicals with increase in age. 相似文献
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Supriya Gupta Sarika Arora S. S. Trivedi Ritu Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(2):150-154
Neural tube defects are congenital structural abnormalities of the brain and vertebral column resulting from improper or non-timely
closure of the neural tube. Prevalence of neural tube defects is reported to be higher among women with diabetes mellitus
and obesity. This study was designed to investigate the relation between the presence of dyslipidemia in antenatal patients
and the risk of fetal neural tube defects. The present study was an observational, cross-sectional study involving 129 pregnant
women in 16 to 18 weeks gestation period. Of these, 80 women had normal pregnancies and 49 were clinically high-risk cases
for neural tube defects. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for blood sugar and lipid profile by enzymatic assay and alpha-fetoprotein
levels using Enzyme Immunoassay. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) values were converted to Multiples of Median (MoM) appropriate for
the gestational age. Based on AFP values, women were labeled as screen negative (AFP <2 MoM, n= 102) and screen positive (AFP
> 2 MoM, n =27). Screen positive women were further evaluated by ultrasound and 21 women were found to carry a neural tube
defects positive pregnancy. Statistical analysis was done on SPSS software. Body weight of the women showed a significant
positive correlation with serum triglycerides, plasma sugar and AFP MoM values. A significant difference was observed in serum
cholesterol levels (p= 0.038), triglycerides (p=0.001) and plasma sugar levels (p=0.002) between normal women and those with
neural tube defects positive pregnancy. The Odds ratio for neural tube defects risk in dyslipidemic cases was 24.23 (CI 4.73
− 148.60) with a relative risk of 12.12. Dyslipidemia especially hypertriglyceridemia was found to be significantly associated
with fetal neural tube defects. 相似文献
8.
Information Retrieval from Documents: A Survey 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Given the phenomenal growth in the variety and quantity of data available to users through electronic media, there is a great demand for efficient and effective ways to organize and search through all this information. Besides speech, our principal means of communication is through visual media, and in particular, through documents. In this paper, we provide an update on Doermann's comprehensive survey (1998) of research results in the broad area of document-based information retrieval. The scope of this survey is also somewhat broader, and there is a greater emphasis on relating document image analysis methods to conventional IR methods.Documents are available in a wide variety of formats. Technical papers are often available as ASCII files of clean, correct, text. Other documents may only be available as hardcopies. These documents have to be scanned and stored as images so that they may be processed by a computer. The textual content of these documents may also be extracted and recognized using OCR methods. Our survey covers the broad spectrum of methods that are required to handle different formats like text and images. The core of the paper focuses on methods that manipulate document images directly, and perform various information processing tasks such as retrieval, categorization, and summarization, without attempting to completely recognize the textual content of the document. We start, however, with a brief overview of traditional IR techniques that operate on clean text. We also discuss research dealing with text that is generated by running OCR on document images. Finally, we also briefly touch on the related problem of content-based image retrieval. 相似文献
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Surupa Basu S. Chaudhuri M. Bhattacharyya T. K. Chatterjee S. Todi A. Majumdar 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(2):146-152
This study was conducted to evaluate whether microalbuminuria on admission and after 24 hrs of admission to intensive care
unit (ICU) predicts outcome as well as the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II severity illness score,
the current accepted method of doing so. The study was carried out in a 20 bed mixed medical-surgical ICU of a tertiary care
hospital. Of 525 consecutive adult patients with ICU stay of more than 24 hrs, 238 were included for the study. Patients with
pregnancy, menstruation, anuria, macroscopic hematuria, urinary tract infection, marked proteinuria due to renal and post-renal
structural diseases, were excluded. Spot urine samples were collected on admission to ICU and 24 hrs thereafter. Urine albumincreatinine
ratio (ACR) was measured on ICU admission (ACR1) and after 24 hrs (ACR2) and expressed in mg/g. Patient demographics were
noted on admission. For disease severity scoring, APACHE II scores were calculated. Each patient was followed up throughout
their ICU stay for a maximum of 28 days and the following outcome data were obtained: ICU length of stay and ICU mortality.
Of the 238 patients, 196 survived while 42 patients died in the ICU. Non-survivors had a significantly higher median ACR2
[162.7 mg/g (IQR 69.5–344.3)] in comparison to the survivors who had a median ACR2 = 54.4 mg/g (IQR 19.0–129.1) (P< 0.0001).
The median ACR1 [161.0 mg/g (IQR 29.0–369.3)] of non-survivors was higher than the median ACR1 [80.4 mg/g (IQR 35.1–167.6)]
of survivors but failed to reach statistical significance (P= 0.0948). In a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC)
analysis, ACR2 emerged as the best indicator of mortality [(area under curve (AUC) of ACR2 = 0.71 > AUC (ACR1) =0.58 > AUC
(ΔACR) =0.55] similar to the currently used APACHE II scores (AUC = 0.78) (P=0.3). At a cutoff of 101 mg/g, ACR2 had a sensitivity
of 69%, specificity of 67%, positive predictive value of 31% and a negative predictive value of 91% for predicting mortality
in the critically ill patients. Absence of significant microalbuminuria at 24 hrs of ICU admission may help to predict survival
in the ICU. 相似文献
10.
Jane Chung Shomir Chaudhuri Thai Le Nai-Ching Chi Hilaire J. Thompson George Demiris 《Educational gerontology》2015,41(12):916-929
Despite the increasing use of health information technologies (HITs) for older adults living in the community and their caregivers, few have been rigorously evaluated for usability by the end users. Think-aloud protocols are a relatively easy method for both clinicians and researchers to use with older adults and those therapists that work with them to provide such an evaluation. In the present report, we provide an exemplar using this method in order to evaluate the usability of a health and wellness technology tool designed for older adults and caregivers. In addition, we discuss methodological and practical considerations for others interested in this approach. The methodology described in this study is easy and practical to undertake, and it can be effectively conducted by researchers and clinicians to find usability issues related to HITs for older adults and their caregivers. 相似文献