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Elissa Burton Kaela Farrier Keith D. Hill Jim Codde Phil Airey Anne-Marie Hill 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(6):666-678
The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of peers to deliver programs or encourage older people to be physically active and improve physical outcomes. Peer reviewed articles published in English between January 1976 and June 2016, retrieved from six databases according to the predefined inclusion criteria were included. Where possible results were pooled and meta-analyses conducted. Eighteen articles were included in the review, a total of 3,492 intervention participants, average age 66.5 years and 67.1% were female. Overall, study quality was medium to high. Interventions mainly included resistance, flexibility and cardiovascular training, however there was one aquatic exercise group. Eight studies were delivered by peers and five utilised peer support, which included advice and being positive but was not directly linked to an exercise intervention. While 16 of the 18 studies reported improvement in levels of physical activity and/or noted physical benefits by peer involvement, the meta-analyses findings supported the control groups for the six-minute-walk-test and the timed-up-and-go test. Findings from this review suggest exercise programs involving peers can promote and maintain adherence to exercise programs. However, results were inconclusive as to whether peers have a positive effect on improving older people’s physical function. 相似文献
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Elissa Burton Gill Lewin Simone Pettigrew Anne-Marie Hill Liz Bainbridge Kaela Farrier 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(15):1523-1532
Participation rates of older people in resistance training (RT) are low despite increasing research showing many health benefits. To increase the number of older people participating in RT it is important to know what would motivate people to become involved, what motivates those who participate to continue, and the factors preventing many older people from commencing participation. To investigate these issues, a questionnaire was mailed to three groups of older people: (1) those receiving home care services, (2) members of a peak non-government seniors’ organisation and (3) those participating in a specific gym-based RT programme. In total, 1327 questionnaires were returned (response rate = 42.5%). To feel good physically and mentally were the main reasons motivating participation among all three groups, and falls prevention was identified as an important motivator for the home care respondents. Pain, injury and illness were the main barriers to participating, or continuing to participate. However, medical advice was a factor influencing participation commencement. The results suggest organisations providing RT programmes for older people should tailor the promotion and delivery of programmes to address key motivators and barriers specific to each group to increase the proportion of older people initiating and continuing to engage in RT. 相似文献
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Ulrich Marder 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》2003,18(1):1-10
Zusammenfassung. Multimedia-Metacomputing ist ein neuer Ansatz zur Verwaltung und Verarbeitung multimedialer Daten in Web-basierten Informationssystemen. Dabei wird sowohl eine hohe Flexibilität und Offenheit des Systems als auch eine maximale Abschirmung der Anwendungen von systeminternen Gegebenheiten angestrebt. Ausgehend von der Vision eines völlig offenen, global verteilten Multimedia-Informationssystems betrachten wir in diesem Aufsatz die hierfür erforderlichen Abstraktionskonzepte, insbesondere Transformationsunabhängigkeit, ein darauf abgestimmtes semantisches Modell sowie Realisierungsmöglichkeiten auf der Grundlage des bekannten Peer-to-Peer-Paradigmas. Eingegangen am 13. November 2002/Angenommen am 14. Mai 2003CR Subject Classification:
C.2.4, D.2.11, H.2.4, H.3.5 相似文献