1973 meeting in kansas city

Kansas City will be the site of the 1973 MLA Annual Meeting, and the program will emphasize education for medical librarians. The two preconvention tours, together with other activities available in Kansas City, are described. The convention hotel, the Muehlebach, is discussed, and other possible accommodations are listed. Several fine restaurants are also listed.     

Major Survey Findings of Listening to MothersSM III: New Mothers Speak Out: Report of National Surveys of Women’s Childbearing Experiences ? Conducted October–December 2012 and January–April 2013

To understand the experiences and views of childbearing women in the United States and trends over time, Childbirth Connection carried out the third national Listening to Mothers survey among 2,400 women who gave birth in U.S. hospitals to a single baby from mid-2011 to mid-2012 and could participate in English. A follow-up survey directed to the same participants explored postpartum experiences, in depth and well into the second year after birth; views about maternity care; and some additional pregnancy and birth items. Harris Interactive conducted the surveys using a validated methodology that includes data weighting to ensure that results closely reflect the target population. The follow-up survey was reported in Listening to Mothers III: New Mothers Speak Out.     

Steps toward innovative childbirth education: selected strategies from the blueprint for action

To mark the 50th anniversary of Lamaze International, Childbirth Connection celebrates landmark accomplishments in education for childbearing women and families, and takes stock of the changing educational needs and preferences of current childbearing families in looking toward the future. Childbirth Connection's multi-year, multi-stakeholder Transforming Maternity Care initiative resulted in two landmark reports: 2020 Vision for a High-Quality, High-Value Maternity Care System and Blueprint for Action: Steps Toward a High-Quality, High-Value Maternity Care System. Selected recommendations of greatest relevance to the field of childbirth education are discussed, and the new Transforming Maternity Care Partnership is introduced.     

加拿大英语的保守性特点及其成因

加拿大英语除了具有鲜明的创新性特点以外,其保守性特点也很突出。18世纪末英国殖民者将当时的英语带到北美。随着时代的变迁,英语在祖国发生了变化,但大洋彼岸因种种因素没有发生同样的变化。因此在今天的加拿大英语中却仍可寻到昔日英国英语的痕迹。这在语音、词汇和语法方面均有体现。加拿大英语保守性特点的成因主要有语言接触因素、社会因素和移民源的心理因素。通过对加拿大英语保守性特点及其成因的分析,有助于英语的学习与传播。     

Modelling home advantage in the Summer Olympic Games

Home advantage in team games is well proven and the influence of the crowd upon officials' decisions has been identified as a plausible cause. The aim of this study was to assess the significance of home advantage for five event groups selected from the Summer Olympic Games between 1896 and 1996, and put home advantage in team games in context with other sports. The five event groups were athletics and weightlifting (predominantly objectively judged), boxing and gymnastics (predominantly subjectively judged) and team games (involving subjective decisions). The proportion of points won was analysed as a binomial response variable using generalized linear interactive modelling. Preliminary exploration of the data highlighted the need to control for the proportion of competitors entered and to split the analysis pre- and post-war. Highly significant home advantage was found in event groups that were either subjectively judged or rely on subjective decisions. In contrast, little or no home advantage (and even away advantage) was observed for the two objectively judged groups. Officiating system was vital to both the existence and extent of home advantage. Our findings suggest that crowd noise has a greater influence upon officials' decisions than players' performances, as events with greater officiating input enjoyed significantly greater home advantage.     

The Wisconsin Idea: Extending the Boundaries of a University

In 1862, through the Morrill (Land-Grant) Act, the United States provided 30,000 acres of land within each congressional district so each state could use the proceeds to establish a state college of agriculture and mechanical arts. These so-called 'land-grant universities' have now expanded (academically and physically) to such a degree that many have 'spawned' large multicampus state university systems. This paper tells how a pioneer land-grant institution, the University of Wisconsin at Madison, developed a world renowned outreach program and how the spirit and resources of that campus extension movement then spread to other campuses of the UW System.     

A capability approach for online primary and secondary students with disabilities

A capability approach was used to identify and synthesise research studies about online students with disabilities in primary and secondary school (aged five to 18 years) in an attempt to describe the experience from an empirical perspective. A capability approach is intended to maximise agency and can be used to describe the extent to which individuals are able to use limited resources to build a satisfying and enjoyable life. In this analysis, a derived capability set was used to narrow the larger body of research about primary and secondary students in online education in order to consider only studies that described ways in which students successfully used online education to maximise agency. The derived capability set was: autonomy, judgement, practical reason, affiliation, high school graduation and a desire to help others. A method for deriving the capability set and ways in which a capability approach fails to describe this experience are discussed.