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James W. Marcum 《College & Undergraduate Libraries》2013,20(4):358-362
This is the first of a series of columns on the emerging new role of the academic library as a center for learning—but learning in a new sense, with a new focus on what the student actually actively incorporates rather than on teaching method. The new perspective is captured in the concept of student-centered or inquiry-based learning, with special emphasis on reading and better utilization of the extensive print resources carefully collected by academic libraries over the decades. 相似文献
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Central to argument are evidence-based claims, requiring coordination of a claim with evidence bearing on it. We advocate a dialogic approach to developing argument skills and in the work reported here examine the further scaffold of prompts that exemplify functions of evidence in relation to a claim. This scaffold was successful in accelerating the prevalence of evidence-based claims in essays of low-performing middle schoolers compared to participants in the same year-long dialog-based intervention who received no or a limited form of evidence prompts and compared to previous samples engaged in a nondialogic curriculum. An experimental group achieved a proportion of evidence-based claims above 50% by the end of the year, transferring their newly developing skill from one topic to another. The use of different types of evidence emerged in a sequence corresponding to the cognitive demands they posed. Students first used support-own evidence. They used weaken-other evidence increasingly over time, but the two evidence types inconsistent with their position (support-other and weaken-own) showed lesser and later gains. Supporting a dialogic approach, qualitative data showed that evidence use occurred most readily in dialogs; then in individual writing on the same topic; and to a more limited extent in essays on a new, unstudied topic. 相似文献
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Edwards TL Harper JC Polsky R Lopez DM Wheeler DR Allen AC Brozik SM 《Biomicrofluidics》2011,5(4):44115-4411514
Herein is described the fabrication and use of a plastic multilayer 3-channel microfluidic fixture. Multilayer devices were produced by laser machining of plastic polymethylmethacrylate and polyethyleneterapthalate laminates by ablation. The fixture consisted of an array of nine individually addressable gold or gold/ITO working electrodes, and a resistive platinum heating element. Laser machining of both the fluidic pathways in the plastic laminates, and the stencil masks used for thermal evaporation to form electrode regions on the plastic laminates, enabled rapid and inexpensive implementation of design changes. Electrochemiluminescence reactions in the fixture were achieved and monitored through ITO electrodes. Electroaddressable aryl diazonium chemistry was employed to selectively pattern gold electrodes for electrochemical multianalyte DNA detection from double stranded DNA (dsDNA) samples. Electrochemical detection of dsDNA was achieved by melting of dsDNA molecules in solution with the integrated heater, allowing detection of DNA sequences specific to breast and colorectal cancers with a non-specific binding control. Following detection, the array surface could be renewed via high temperature (95 °C) stripping using the integrated heating element. This versatile and simple method for prototyping devices shows potential for further development of highly integrated, multi-functional bioanalytical devices. 相似文献
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Miller PR Gittard SD Edwards TL Lopez DM Xiao X Wheeler DR Monteiro-Riviere NA Brozik SM Polsky R Narayan RJ 《Biomicrofluidics》2011,5(1):13415
In this study, carbon fiber electrodes were incorporated within a hollow microneedle array, which was fabricated using a digital micromirror device-based stereolithography instrument. Cell proliferation on the acrylate-based polymer used in microneedle fabrication was examined with human dermal fibroblasts and neonatal human epidermal keratinocytes. Studies involving full-thickness cadaveric porcine skin and trypan blue dye demonstrated that the hollow microneedles remained intact after puncturing the outermost layer of cadaveric porcine skin. The carbon fibers underwent chemical modification in order to enable detection of hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid; electrochemical measurements were demonstrated using integrated electrode-hollow microneedle devices. 相似文献
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Enhancing Self-Efficacy in Elementary Science Teaching With Professional Learning Communities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Joel J. Mintzes Bev Marcum Christl Messerschmidt-Yates Andrew Mark 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2013,24(7):1201-1218
Emerging from Bandura’s Social Learning Theory, this study of in-service elementary school teachers examined the effects of sustained Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) on self-efficacy in science teaching. Based on mixed research methods, and a non-equivalent control group experimental design, the investigation explored changes in personal self-efficacy and outcome expectancy among teachers engaged in PLCs that featured Demonstration Laboratories, Lesson Study, and annual Summer Institutes. Significant changes favoring the experimental group were found on all quantitative measures of self-efficacy. Structured clinical interviews revealed that observed changes were largely attributable to a wide range of direct (mastery) and vicarious experiences, as well as emotional reinforcement and social persuasion. 相似文献
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Deanna Marie Pecaski McLennan 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2008,35(5):451-456
In the current age of academic rigor, standards and accountability, the fostering of caring relationships in the classroom
may not always be a priority. Expressing care for another person is a skill that can be taught and nurtured through a supportive
educational environment. Sociodrama encourages each of its participants to develop self-confidence and self-expression through
risk-taking and exploration in activities that explore real life personal feelings and situations. By using sociodrama as
a means for exploring issues in the classroom it is possible to celebrate participants’ individuality and to create caring
and nurturing relationships among educators and students. This article examines the research describing the benefits of including
sociodrama in the elementary curriculum. 相似文献
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Tina L. Freiburger Danielle M. Romain Blake M. Randol Catherine D. Marcum 《Journal of Criminal Justice Education》2017,28(2):222-247
Using a factorial survey administered to college students at two Universities, this study examines students’ tendencies to engage in academic misconduct. The relation of strain, self-control, and deterrence theories to likelihood of cheating are further explored. The results suggest that increasing the severity of the punishment for cheating does not deter academic misconduct; however, several variables indicating an increased certainty of being caught did decrease the likelihood of cheating behaviors. Only the strain variables that indicated a student had an ill family member or that the student found the course difficult significantly increased academic misconduct. Although self-control did not have a direct effect on cheating it indirectly affected cheating behaviors through students’ perceptions of getting caught and their perception of wrongfulness of the cheating behavior. Policy and future research implications of the findings are further discussed. 相似文献
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Data‐Driven Improvement in Prekindergarten Classrooms: Report From a Partnership in an Urban District 下载免费PDF全文
Dale C. Farran Deanna Meador Caroline Christopher Kimberly T. Nesbitt Laura E. Bilbrey 《Child development》2017,88(5):1466-1479
In 2014–2015 and 2015–2016, a metropolitan school system in the southern United States embarked on a unique mission to improve the quality of its public prekindergarten programs through a partnership with a group of developmental researchers in an iterative, data‐based venture. Data on 407 children in Year 1 and 433 in Year 2 (who were enrolled in 26 classrooms and extensively observed) are presented from the first 2 years of the ongoing partnership. All children were 4 years of age. Variability in classroom practices, measured empirically, and variability in child outcomes provided the means to examine the relations between children's gains in academic and social‐emotional areas and major areas of classroom practices. Lessons learned, the eight identified significant practices, implications, and next steps in the partnership are addressed. 相似文献
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Working in animal behavior was challenging. It was the first time I came to the conclusion that I had to do something with my life, that there was work involved, and that if I wanted to accomplish something, I'd better figure out what it was and do it.—Exploratorium Explainer, 1974. 相似文献