The neural correlates of working memory training in typically developing children

Working memory training improves children's cognitive performance on untrained tasks; however, little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms. This was investigated in 32 typically developing children aged 10–14 years (19 girls and 13 boys) using a randomized controlled design and multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (Devon, UK; 2015–2016). Training improved working memory performance and increased intrinsic functional connectivity between the bilateral intraparietal sulci. Furthermore, improvements in working memory were associated with greater recruitment of the left middle frontal gyrus on a complex span task. Repeated engagement of fronto-parietal regions during training may increase their activity and functional connectivity over time, affording greater working memory performance. The plausibility of generalizable cognitive benefits from a neurobiological perspective and implications for neurodevelopmental theory are discussed.     

The RIX Wiki: the use of multimedia advocacy to support person-centred planning in a special needs secondary school – implications for current policy and practice

The article documents findings from a pilot study undertaken in 2012–2013 in a special needs secondary school in the England, that trialled the use of a multimedia advocacy tool, “The RIX Wiki”. The trial was part of the pathfinder programme, which aimed to reform existing Special Education Needs provision, from the system of statementing to one of developing education health care plans. The reforms became enshrined in the Children and Families Act (2014). The findings were overall positive and helped with person-centred planning processes. The discussion is framed within current and future policy directives. We argue that multimedia advocacy approaches and software tools, like the “RIX Wiki” will have a continued role to play in ensuring the needs, aspirations and choices of children and young people with learning disabilities remain central.     

Early Childhood Parenting Predicts Late Childhood Brain Functional Connectivity During Emotion Perception and Reward Processing

Seventy-nine 3-year olds and their mothers participated in a laboratory-based task to assess maternal hostility. Mothers also reported their behavioral regulation of their child. Seven years later, functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired while viewing emotional faces and completing a reward processing task. Maternal hostility predicted more negative amygdala connectivity during exposure to sad relative to neutral faces with frontal and parietal regions as well as more negative left ventral striatal connectivity during monetary gain relative to loss feedback with the right posterior orbital frontal cortex and right inferior frontal gyrus. In contrast, maternal regulation predicted enhanced cingulo-frontal connectivity during monetary gain relative to loss feedback. Results suggest parenting is associated with alterations in emotion and reward processing circuitry 7–8 years later.     

Food (in)security communication: a Journal of Applied Communication Research forum addressing current challenges and future possibilities

ABSTRACT

This forum brings together food, (in)security, and communication. The authors participating in this forum center communication as both process and tool for understanding, mitigating, and making meaning of food (in)security. The nine authors together discuss the role of communication in food (in)security, the central challenges for scholars and practitioners working on food (in)security, and the creative possibilities and impacts influencing the future of food (in)security. The forum produces a call for applied scholars to re-imagine communication frameworks in order to make meaningful differences in their communities.     

中国竞技体育人力资源相关问题探讨

对竞技体育人力资源的概念、特点等问题进行了探讨：研究表明，竞技体育人力资源是指竞技体育发展所需人员的现实及潜在禀赋的总和。处于不同层次、不同领域的众多人员组成了竞技体育人力资源系统：竞技人力资源具有稀缺性、目标性、整体性及调控性等特点.     

国内运动生物力学发展现状思考

运动生物力学是一门新兴的边缘性科学，其定义、研究范畴、研究方法都有待商榷。从这三个角度出发，主要对大量资料进行归纳总结，综合、概括了目前国内运动生物力学发展状况。力求对我国的运动生物力学发展的状况勾勒出一个清晰的脉络图，以便在这门学科今后的研究中减少盲目性，具有更强的实用性。     

奥运会的经济价值分析以及对北京举办奥运会的借鉴意义

2008年北京奥运会的举行将大大加快北京地区乃至我国的经济现代化建设的步伐。应用实证研究的方法，对历届奥运会的经济价值进行分析，指出举办奥运会对促进北京地区乃至全国的经济增长、改善劳动力就业，加快产业结构调整的积极作用。同时从资金筹措、场馆建设、产业可持续发展等方面对北京避免奥运会后可能出现的“经济低谷效应”，实现可持续发展提出了建议。     

网络型电子期刊编目原则探讨

网络型电子期刊的编目原则问题是进行该类型资源编目首先要解决的问题,本文针对网络型期刊的特点探讨了两种原则以及相应的著录要求,即:单记录原则(在印刷版/原始记录中给出访问路径);为网络版期刊单独建立记录的原则。笔者建议采用后者,并讨论了网络型电子期刊的著录信息源的选取。     

体育课教学质量评估研究

评价一堂体育课，总要有几条简明扼要的标准。传统的评价标准在一定阶段促进了我国学校体育的发展，但在实施素质教育的今天，已不能完全适应时代的要求，有时甚至阻碍了素质教育的发展。一堂好的体育课要作到全力引导全体学生参与，提高学生参加活动兴趣，使其有愉快的心理体验。同时保证教学的目标、教材、手段相配套，课堂教育的度、量、序安排科学，这样才能建立师生间民主合作的人际关系。１研究对象和方法１．１研究对象笔者对兰州大学２０００、２００１级文理科各１２００名男女学生进行问卷调查，年龄均在１８～２０岁之间。调查后…