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1.
Around 1960, the politics of the emerging media society in Sweden tended to fixate the formative functions of mass communication. The monopoly of public service broadcast media, press subsidies and new tendencies in film policy were some of the issues around which uncertainty prevailed. New methods to provide reliable data were sought by politicians, since empirical facts were required as arguments for an updated media policy. This article examines the different ways that the field of media studies was introduced in Sweden between 1960 and 1980. We argue that Swedish academic media studies departed from, and emerged within, a rather diffuse borderland between industry, politics and academia. The formation of national media research in Sweden can partly be seen as an effect of politicians and the media industry wanting to be better informed on issues such as media influence, media ownership and the habits and composition of the media audience. 相似文献
2.
The sustainable development (SD) concept is based on the idea that economic and social development should be linked to the environment. However, controversies about various associated issues often arise due to the differences in protagonists’ viewpoints, depending partly on whether they focus mainly on environmental, economic, or social dimensions and partly on ideological stances related (for instance) to the optimal ways of promoting economic growth and social justice. This study investigates views of 638 Swedish upper secondary students who responded to a questionnaire probing their views of SD from two perspectives. In the first, the dimensions were separately introduced, so the respondents only had to consider one dimension at a time. In the second, the dimensions were introduced in an integrated fashion, so the respondents had to consider effects related to all three dimensions. The results strongly indicate that the students’ views and priorities concerning the dimensions depend on both the perspective and the context. Implications for teaching and learning are discussed. 相似文献
3.
Road cycling performance is dependent on race tactics and pacing strategy. To optimise the pacing strategy for any race performed with no drafting, a numerical model was introduced, one that solves equations of motion while minimising the finishing time by varying the power output along the course. The power output was constrained by two different hydraulic models: the simpler critical power model for intermittent exercise (CPIE) and the more sophisticated Margaria–Morton model (M–M). These were compared with a constant power strategy (CPS). The simulation of the three different models was carried out on a fictional 75 kg cyclist, riding a 2,000 m course. This resulted in finishing times of 162.4, 155.8 and 159.3 s and speed variances of 0.58, 0.26 and 0.29 % for the CPS, CPIE and M–M simulations, respectively. Furthermore, the average power output was 469.7, 469.7 and 469.1 W for the CPS, CPIE and M–M simulations, respectively. The M–M model takes more physiological phenomena into consideration compared to the CPIE model and, therefore, contributes to an optimised pacing strategy that is more realistic. Therefore, the M–M model might be more suitable for future studies on optimal pacing strategy, despite the relatively slower finishing time. 相似文献
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Mats Ekström Monika Djerf-Pierre Bengt Johansson Nicklas Håkansson 《Journalism Practice》2016,10(8):983-1004
News interviews are contexts in which political responsibilities are articulated and negotiated. Although the accountability interview is recognized as a commonsense practice in journalism, and the research on political interviews is substantial, it partly remains to explore how responsibilities are negotiated in different forms of questioning in journalism. This study investigates three generic forms of questioning: accountability questioning, the clarifying of promises, and the principal assessments. Key features of the different forms are specified. The empirical study investigates how the questionings are performed in news on industrial crises in Sweden, in the different political regimes in the 1970s and the 2000s. The data consist of 27 news interviews with the formally responsible Ministers. The method is based on Conversation Analysis and includes detailed analyses of questions and answers. The study shows (1) how the forms of questioning differ when it comes to the action agenda and in how responsibilities are invoked and negotiated; (2) how the questionings tend to reproduce particular expectations of Governmental interventions; (3) how increased assertiveness and adversarialness in interviewing coincide with reduced expectations of political responsibilities. 相似文献
6.
Jesper Bruun Mats Lindahl Cedric Linder 《International Journal of Research & Method in Education》2019,42(3):317-339
ABSTRACTA new methodology is proposed for qualitative discourse analysis (QDA) aimed at gaining enhanced insights into learning possibilities and indicators that arise during classroom group discussions. The constitution of this new methodology has two principle components: a discourse analysis approach that aims to identify the relationships between content and group dynamics; and a network analysis (NA) approach that uses the same data to identify meaning-related structural dynamics found in the data. The proposed methodology pairs these two components to create a supplementary iterative interchange that facilitates the attainment of greater analytic insights than are achievable by either of the two components individually. The critical aspects of the methodology are illustrated and discussed using real classroom data in ways that provide a procedural exemplar. The strengths and limitations of the proposed methodology are also discussed. 相似文献
7.
Ali Bikmoradi Mats Brommels Alireza Shoghli Davoud Khorasani Zavareh Italo Masiello 《Higher Education》2009,57(4):417-427
In Iran, restructuring of medical education and the health care delivery system in 1985 resulted in a rapid shift from elite
to mass education, ultimately leading to an increase in the number of medical schools, faculties, and programs and as well
as some complications. This study aimed to investigate views on academic culture, values, and routines held by faculty members.
A nation-wide survey conducted in six public medical schools in Iran. The research findings show weak organizational culture
and values, together with routine behaviors sensed as a negative and low satisfaction with academic leadership. The research
evidence suggests bureaucracy, politicization, conservativeness, and centralization as common features of medical schools
in Iran and also suggests suitable supervisory skills to tackle the tension between governmental management and academic leadership
with cultural changes, the creation of new values, and adoption more efficient routines. 相似文献
8.
Mats Gunnar Lindahl 《Science & Education》2010,19(9):867-894
Two important roles of education are to provide students with knowledge for their democratic participation in society and
to provide knowledge for a future profession. In science education, students encounter values that may be in conflict with
their worldview. Such conflicts may, for example, lead to constructive reflections as well as rejection of scientific knowledge
and technology. Students’ ways of reasoning are important starting points for discussing problematic issues and may be crucial
for constructive dialogues in the classroom. This study investigates students’ reasoning about conflicting values concerning
the human-animal relationship exemplified by the use of genetically modified pigs as organ donors for xenotransplantation.
Students’ reasoning is analyzed using Giddens’ concepts of disembedded and embedded practices in parallel with moral philosophical
theories in a framework based on human-animal relationships. Thirteen students were interviewed and their stances categorized.
Kantian deontological and classical utilitarian ethics were found within the patronage and the partnership models. These students
appreciated expert knowledge but those using the partnership model could not accept xenotransplantation if pigs were to be
killed. Students using care ethics did not appreciate expert knowledge since it threatened naturalness. The results suggest
that stances against the use of scientific knowledge are more problematic than knowledge per se, and that conflicting stances
have similarities that present opportunities for understanding and development of students’ argumentation skills for future
participation in societal discourse on utilizing expert knowledge. Furthermore it is argued that science education could benefit
from a higher awareness of the presence of different morals. 相似文献
9.
Jenny Berglund 《British Journal of Religious Education》2014,36(3):282-297
In geographical areas bordering those of other states, the function of educational systems, as the means for states to foster their citizens, is challenged by ambiguities and tensions connected to intercultural experiences. In this article, I illustrate some of the findings from a project that studies religious education in four border areas around the Baltic Barents Sea, by bringing forward the case of a school teacher who teaches Orthodox religious education (ORE), in a town in Finland close to the border with Russia. Thus, the aim is to present and discuss ORE in Finland as well as to understand what implication the border situation can have on religious education. 相似文献
10.
Beyond the Interaction Paradigm? Radical Constructivism,Universal Pragmatics,and Peircean Pragmatism
Mats Bergman 《The Communication Review》2013,16(2):96-122
In this article, the author examines Colin Grant's recent criticism of the so-called “interaction paradigm” and Jürgen Habermas's universal pragmatics. Grant's approach, which is presented as an open challenge to communication theories grounded in philosophical conceptions of communality and dialogue, can be construed as an exemplar of a radical constructivist approach to vital questions of contingency and incommensurability in communication studies. In response, the author outlines a classical pragmatist approach to the problem areas identified by Grant, with the aim of outlining how a pragmatist outlook can offer promising theoretical alternatives to universal pragmatics and radical constructivism. It is argued that moderate Peircean pragmatism, appropriately interpreted, can provide a philosophical platform capable of addressing issues of contingency, uncertainty, and autonomy in communication theory without succumbing to incommensurabilism, traditional objectivism, or nominalistic individualism. 相似文献