Early Childhood Parenting Predicts Late Childhood Brain Functional Connectivity During Emotion Perception and Reward Processing

Seventy-nine 3-year olds and their mothers participated in a laboratory-based task to assess maternal hostility. Mothers also reported their behavioral regulation of their child. Seven years later, functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired while viewing emotional faces and completing a reward processing task. Maternal hostility predicted more negative amygdala connectivity during exposure to sad relative to neutral faces with frontal and parietal regions as well as more negative left ventral striatal connectivity during monetary gain relative to loss feedback with the right posterior orbital frontal cortex and right inferior frontal gyrus. In contrast, maternal regulation predicted enhanced cingulo-frontal connectivity during monetary gain relative to loss feedback. Results suggest parenting is associated with alterations in emotion and reward processing circuitry 7–8 years later.     

游泳运动员专项始训年龄段运动素质的生理特点分析

本文通过文献资料法、常规数理统计法及调查访问法 ,对我国部分优秀游泳运动员各训练阶段的年龄参数进行调查研究 ,并从运动生理学角度对专项始训年龄段的运动员运动素质的生理特点进行分析 ,发现 12 - 14岁是年龄组运动员开始专项训练的适宜年龄段 ,运动员的运动素质在此年龄段已有一定的发展 ,有的还处在发展敏感期 ,能达到专项训练的要求。     

泛太平洋地区冰壶锦标赛评析

通过对泛太平洋地区冰壶锦标赛的评析，客观评价中国冰壶在泛太平洋地区目前所处的地位及冰壶运动在中国发展的潜力。客观地分析了我们训练中所存在的问题与差距，并为中国冰壶运动的发展提出了积极的建议和意见。     

A Corpus-Based Learning Method of Compound Noun Indexing Rules for Korean

In Korean information retrieval, compound nouns play an important role in improving precision in search experiments. There are two major approaches to compound noun indexing in Korean: statistical and linguistic. Each method, however, has its own shortcomings, such as limitations when indexing diverse types of compound nouns, over-generation of compound nouns, and data sparseness in training. In this paper, we propose a corpus-based learning method, which can index diverse types of compound nouns using rules automatically extracted from a large corpus. The automatic learning method is more portable and requires less human effort, although it exhibits a performance level similar to the manual-linguistic approach. We also present a new filtering method to solve the problems of compound noun over-generation and data sparseness.     

《西厢记》与《红楼梦》爱情主题的异同

作为我国古代以爱情为主题的文学作品,《西厢记》与《红楼梦》都歌颂了男女间纯真专一的爱情,批判了门第观念。但由于作品产生的背景及时代不同,所表现的程度又不尽相同,《红楼梦》较之《西厢记》,其爱情主题更深刻,更有意义。     

Inclusive Education in China: Conceptualisation and Realisation

This paper examines the historical background of the development of special education and how “Learning in Regular Classrooms” (LRC) has become the major service delivery model to universalise compulsory education for children with disabilities in China. The authors assert that the current model of inclusive education in China was conceptualised through the influence of the Western ideology of inclusion and the practical consideration of Chinese socio-economical conditions. To realise this model, a number of strategies were introduced and widely practised in an attempt to effectively implement the LRC programs. Adverse social climate, the exam-oriented education system, and limited resources in all aspects, however, remained as critical elements to be overcome for the future development of inclusive education in China. The LRC model is expected to continue to be the main form of inclusive education in China.     

Steps Toward More Effective Implementation of the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing

The goal of the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing is to improve testing practices, but their impact on practice appears spotty. Self-regulation clearly fails in some instances. The establishment of an external agency to oversee testing practices and adherence to the Standards would face substantial hurdles, and the ambiguity of many of the Standards would hobble such an organization if one were created. Many of the Standards are general statements of principle, and past controversies make clear that we in the field often disagree about the reasons for them, their applicability to specific cases, and their practical meaning in specific contexts. This paper argues that the field should follow two approaches to lessen this ambiguity. First, using journals, conferences, and other vehicles, we should foster more frequent and more protracted debate about the practical meaning of key Standards, such as 13.6 and 13.7, which mandate that a decision that will have a "major impact" on a student should not be based on a single score. Second, future revisions of the Standards should use concrete examples of testing practices to clarify the meaning of the Standards, much as the legal system uses case law to clarify the meaning of the general principles embodied in statutes .     

三峡库区城市移民体育消费现状调查研究

主要运用了问卷调查法、文献资料法、专家调查法及数理统计法等对三峡库区移民家庭体育消费的态度、动机、以及影响因素等状况进行了详细的调查、分析，旨在为我国城市变迁的居民体育消费研究以及形成积极健康的体育消费模式提供示范和参考；为提高三峡库区城市居民体育消费水平提供一些有利的措施，引导居民体育消费，促进体育产业发展。     

对高师教学法课的一点认识

本文针对目前高等师范教育中,学科教学法课所存在的问题,强调了这一学科在高等师范教育中的重要地位以及如何加强这一学科的教学与研究的具体方法。     

2002年全国健美操锦标赛难度动作分析

通过现场观看比赛和录像观察，将2002年全国健美操锦标赛的男子单人和女子单人项目的前8名的成套动作中的难度动作数量、组别、分值、C组难度动作空中姿态类型，进行统计分析。结果表明：目前我国运动员的成套动作中所选择的4个组别难度动作的比例基本合理，且符合运动员各自的身体素质能力和训练水平，完成质量比往年有很大的提高。但在C组跳与跃类难度动作的选择上缺乏多样性，存在着较多的空中姿态重复现象，与竞技健美操最新发展趋势有一定的差距。