近二十年国内学分银行研究综述

目前,国内关于学分银行的研究主要经历了理论探索、建设实践和完善制度这三个阶段,相应的研究热点也围绕这三个阶段展开.如今国家正在加大力度建设学分银行制度,对于它的研究也应更深入,以便更快更准地掌握学分银行制度的发展现状.基于此,对学分银行制度进行研究,并提出以下几点建议:追溯基础理论,界定概念;加强国家顶层设计,健全管理体系;突破制度研究障碍,整合实践成果;纳入终身教育体系,打破领域壁垒.     

Connecting inside out: Development of the social brain in infants and toddlers with a focus on myelination as a marker of brain maturation

Early childhood is a sensitive period for learning and social skill development. The maturation of cerebral regions underlying social processing lays the foundation for later social-emotional competence. This study explored myelin changes in social brain regions and their association with changes in parent-rated social-emotional development in a cohort of 129 children (64 females, 0–36 months, 77 White). Results reveal a steep increase in myelination throughout the social brain in the first 3 years of life that is significantly associated with social-emotional development scores. These findings add knowledge to the emerging picture of social brain development by describing neural underpinnings of human social behavior. They can contribute to identifying age-/stage-appropriate early life factors in this developmental domain.     

Does modality matter? A latent profile and transition analysis of sedentary behaviours among school-aged youth: The UP&DOWN study

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were to identify profiles of sedentary behaviour (SB) patterns, based on leisure-time self-reported SB modalities (screen, educative, social, and relaxing) and to evaluate changes in these profiles over 2 years among Spanish youth aged 8–18 years. Latent profile analysis (LPA), a data-driven analytic approach, was used to identify groups of boys and girls (n = 1553; 48% girls; mean±SD age: 12.56 ± 2.49 y) with distinct SB profiles using the SB modalities (time/d) as input variables. Latent transition analysis, an extension of LPA that uses longitudinal data, was used to analyse 2-year changes in these profiles. At baseline, four and three SB profiles were found among boys (labelled: screen, educative, social, and relaxing) and girls (labelled: screen/social, educative, and relaxing), respectively. Overall, more girls (range: 48%-67%) had the same profile over time, than boys (40%-52%). Participants with a screen or relaxing SB profile at baseline were more likely to have an educative profile after 2 years. Youth with a social and an educative SB profile at baseline were more likely to transition to profiles characterized by higher screen and social SB, respectively. Using a novel and person-centered approach, this study identified gender-specific SB profiles that were moderately stable over time.     

Digital Module 16: Longitudinal Data Analysis

In this digital ITEMS module, Dr. Jeffrey Harring and Ms. Tessa Johnson introduce the linear mixed effects (LME) model as a flexible general framework for simultaneously modeling continuous repeated measures data with a scientifically defensible function that adequately summarizes both individual change as well as the average response. The module begins with a nontechnical overview of longitudinal data analyses drawing distinctions with cross-sectional analyses in terms of research questions to be addressed. Nuances of longitudinal designs, timing of measurements, and the real possibility of missing data are then discussed. The three interconnected components of the LME model—(1) a model for individual and mean response profiles, (2) a model to characterize the covariation among the time-specific residuals, and (3) a set of models that summarize the extent that individual coefficients vary—are discussed in the context of the set of activities comprising an analysis. Finally, they demonstrate how to estimate the linear mixed effects model within an open-source environment (R). The digital module contains sample R code, diagnostic quiz questions, hands-on activities in R, curated resources, and a glossary.     

关于中国男篮在世界大赛中成绩滑坡的原因剖析

采用文献资料与理论分析等方法 ,对中国男篮在第 2 7届奥运会和第 14届男篮世锦赛上攻、防技术资料进行分析研究 ,发现中国男篮整体实力确有提高 ,尤其是内线实力明显增强。但由于我国对篮球本质认识上的偏差 ,过分追求队员高度而忽视速度、战术与技术训练 ,特别是外线控球能力的培养 ,结果比赛时内、外线脱节 ,整体攻、防节奏慢 ,不仅内线实力难以发挥 ,相反丢失了过去快速、灵活的优势与特点。针对存在的问题 ,从主观认识、训练方法以及训练内容等方面提出了一些建议和改进措施。     

海军障碍训练损伤因素分析及对策

通过对海军学员在海军障碍训练中出现的运动损伤调查分析，找出导致海军障碍训练运动损伤的因素，从海军障碍训练方法、手段、设施等几个方面提出了预防对策。     

我国文献计量学论文的主题分布研究

从主题分析和关键词分析的角度对我国献计量学论的主题内容进行了归纳和分类，以期深入认识该领域献的现状及其发展水平，明确该学科今后的发展重点和方向。     

甘肃省中小学青年体育教师综合素质的调查研究

运用问卷调查法、数理统计法等对我省225名中小学青年体育教师的师德修养、文化素质、心理素质、科研能力和社会适应能力等方面进行了调查,对调查结果进行了分析讨论并提出了相应对策,为高师体育教育本科专业教育教学改革提供了依据和参考.     

老年人随龄增长骨量变化与健骨运动的研究进展

通过对老年人骨量变化与健骨运动的研究回顾,从运动健骨的角度,对不同运动项目、运动与非运动老年人群的骨量变化等方面进行了分析与综述,明确了运动对老年人骨量和骨代谢活动的影响,对指导老年人的运动健身有一定的意义。