中国罗汉松科花粉形态研究

本文用光学显微镜，结合扫描电镜和透射电镜对我国罗汉松科podocarpaceae植物花粉外壁的细微结构做了深入的研究，对比了我国仅有的两属花粉的形态特征，同时与形态上相似的松科花粉进行了比较，指出了它们之间的区别。     

中国兜被兰属植物的花粉形态及其分类意义

 兜被兰属Neottianthe全世界共约12种,中国均有分布,其中9种为我国所特有。本属花粉形态 和组成都很特殊,它是由许多单粒花粉粘结在一起形成复合花粉——花粉小块,其形状一般为狭长的三 棱锥体形。外壁表面具5种纹饰类型:(A)近光滑,或具十分微弱的小凹陷;(B)外壁具穿孔状纹饰; (c)外壁具沟渠状纹饰;(D)外壁具拟网状纹饰;(E)具典型的网状纹饰。奉属有些种类,例如:N．cal- cicola,N．monophylla,N．pseudo-diphylax和N．cucullata等4种在分类上还存在许多问题,有些分类 学家把N.calcicola,N.monophylla,N.pseudo-diphylax 3种均归并于N．cucullata。孢粉学资料表 明上述4个种花粉特征完全不同,因此,上述4种仍应各自独立为种。最后,强调指出N．camptoceras的花粉形状和外壁纹饰等特征在本属为特殊类型。     

手参属花粉形态及其分类学意义

首次报道了兰科的手参属Gymnadenia国产5种植物花粉形态的研究结果,并与邻近的兜被兰属 Neottianthem 花粉进行了对比研究。前者花粉小块形状大多不规则,少数为三棱锥体形;而后者花粉小块大多形状为三棱锥体形,少数形状不规则。手参属花粉外壁表面具很细微的小穿孔、皱波状,小穴和小穿孔与沟渠状纹饰共存,或沟渠状等;而兜被兰属外壁表面纹饰明显,具有5种类型： (1)小穿孔,(2)表面近光滑,(3)沟渠状,(4)拟网状,(5)典型的网状纹饰。手参属花粉表面具粘丝,而兜被兰属花粉表面没有发现粘丝。此外,本文还探讨了手参属和兜被兰属两属花粉在分类学上的意义。     

紫草科微孔草属及其近缘属花粉形态的研究

 本文用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了微孔草属(Microula Benth.)6组16种及其相关的3属6 种植物的花粉，并对微孔草属2种和齿缘草属(Eritrichium Schrad.)2种花粉做了花粉壁超微结构的 研究。微孔草属及其相关的3属花粉为哑铃形，花粉体积很小，最大的为12.18×7.13μm,最小的只 有6.36×3.36μm，具相间排列的三孔沟和三假沟。但他们在赤道部位的缢缩程度、萌发孔特征、表 面纹饰及超微结构有明显的不同。从花粉形态看，微孔草属较原始，且与锚刺果属(Actinocarya Benth.)有较密切关系；齿缘草属具双内孔或单内孔且为异极，为进化类型。     

中国兜被兰属植物的研究

兰科的兜被兰属约有12种，主要分布于亚洲的温带至亚热带山地，我国的四川和云南是其现代分布中心和分化中心。本文通过植物地理学、孢粉学和解剖学的研究，对该属进行分类学订正，确认中国产有12种，其中9种为我国特有，包括4个新种和1个新组合种。     

国产爵床科鳞花草族1属、穿心莲族2属和爵床族8属植物的花粉形态

报道了中国爵床科Acanthaceae爵床亚科Ruellioideae鳞花草族Lepidagathideae 1属、穿心莲族Andrographideae 2属和爵床族Justicieae 8属共14种植物的花粉形态。根据花粉萌发孔类型和外壁纹饰特征,可将这些植物的花粉归为4个类型: (1)具3孔沟,外壁具网状纹饰。该类型见于色萼花属Chroesthes (采自广西样品)和穿心莲属Andrographis植物。(2)具3孔沟及假沟(肋条带型)类型,外壁具网状纹饰,网眼纵向排列成行,网眼内有细网纹。该类型见于色萼花属(采自云南样品)和鳔冠花属Cystacanthus。(3)具3孔沟,沟两侧各有1条假沟,外壁具网状纹饰。该类型见于瑞丽山壳骨Pseuderanthemum shweliense、狗肝菜属Dicliptera和驳骨草属Gendarussa植物。(4)具2孔沟,沟两侧具斑块。该类型见于山壳骨属Pseuderanthemum 1种、纤穗爵床属Leptostachya、鳄嘴花属Clinacanthus、鸭嘴花属Adhatoda、杜根藤属Calophanoides和野靛棵属Mananthes植物。     

穗花杉属花粉外壁的超微结构及其分类意义

本文用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜观察了穗花杉属Amentotaxus Pilger花粉外 壁表面和内部的超微结构，并叙述了本属与红豆杉科Taxaceae和三尖杉科Cephalotaxaceae花粉形态的区别。根据花粉外壁超微结构资料，论述了该属的分类位置。     

中国红豆杉科花粉形态的研究

红豆杉科(Taxaceae)，花粉近球形，有时稍扁或稍长。直径为20．8-45．8μm。具远极 薄壁区，或不典型的乳头状突起。外壁两层，内外层厚度相等，有时层次不明显。在光学显微 镜下，外壁表面粗糙，或具微弱的颗粒状纹饰。在穗花杉(Amentotaxus argotaenia)这个种里，有些花粉粒具残存气囊。在扫描电镜下，外壁表面具粗瘤和细瘤两种纹饰类型。透射电镜本科各属代表种观察表明，本科花粉外壁内层具片状结构，外层由单层瘤状纹饰分子构成，有 些种细瘤连接形成覆盖层。根据花粉形态资料，可将本科植物分为2个族：  白豆杉族(仅包括白豆杉一个属)和红豆杉族(包括红豆杉属和榧树属)。  鉴于穗花杉属花粉的特殊性，建议独立上升为穗花杉科Amentotaxaceae。     

白头翁属的花粉形态研究

白头翁属(Pulsatilla Mill．)花粉共有4个萌发孔类型：1．三沟类型; 2．散沟类型;   3．散孔类型; 4．二型花粉类型。各类型之间的演化趋势是：三沟→散沟→散孔类型。外   壁表面具大、小两型小刺和小穿孔。根据外壁表面小刺的粗细和小穿孔的分布，可将本属分   为两个类群，即一类为表面呈波浪状，小刺较粗，基部具垫状隆起，小穿孔分布在隆起之间的低   凹处; 另一群外壁表面平，刺较细，排列稀，小穿孔均匀分布在花粉的表面上。利用透射电镜观   察本属三沟型和散孔型的外壁内部结构是一致的，即都由薄的内层与厚的外层组成。内层在  沟和孔下面均加厚，在沟间区和孔间区变薄。外层包括覆盖层、柱状层和基层。     

中国旌节花科的系统研究(一)——植物地理学、细胞学、花粉学

 The present paper, mainly dealing with phytogeographical, Cytological and Palynolo gical studies on Chinese Stachyuraceae, is the first part of a series of contributions to systematics of this family. As we know, Stachyuraceae, a monogeneric family, is  endemic to East Asia, with a strong differentiation in China. Systematic position of the family is still uncertain. Undoubtedly, multidisciplinary studies on it wisl give a better understanding of plant differentiation in East-Asiatic floristic region and systematic position of the family.      The distribution of all the 9 Chinese species of Stachyurus have been studied on the basis of morphogeographical method. The status of some taxa has been changed as follows: Stachyurus chinensis Franch. ssp. latus (Li) Y. C. Tang et Y. L. Cao, stat. nov. S. chinen-sis Franch. Ssp. cuspidatus (Li) Y. C. Tang et Y. L. Cao, stat. nov. S. chinensis Franch. ssp. brachystachyus (C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen) Y. C. Tang et Y. L. Cao, stat. nov. S. salicifolius Franch. ssp. lancifolius (C. Y. Wu) Y. C. Tang et Y. L. Cao, stat. nov., S. yunnanensis Franch. var. pedicellatus Rehd. and S. oblongifolius Wang et Tang being reduced as synonyms of S. yunnanensis Franch. From morphological point of view, we would consider that sect. Callosurus is more primitive and its present area might be the preservation center of the family.      In this paper the chromosome numbers of 5 taxa, i.e. Stachyurus yunnanensis, S. chinensis ssp. chinensis, S. chinensis ssp. cuspidatus, S. salicifolius ssp. salicifolius, S. retusus, are reported for the first time. Along with the chromosome countings of S. himalaicus and S. sigeyosii by S. kurosawa, we come to the conclusion that all the species so far studied have 24 small somatic chromosomes (2n=24).      The pollen grains of 6 taxa, i.e. Stachyurus yunnanensis, S. obovatus, S. himalaicus, S. chinensis ssp. chinensis, S. salicifolius ssp. salicifolius, S. retusus were also examined. Together with the observations of G. Erdman and Huang Tsengchien on  S. himalaicus, it seems that the pollen grains of the genus Stachyurus are rather uniform in  morphology. The pollen grains of sect. Callosurus are tricolporoidate, while those of sect. Stachyurusare tricolporate. Two pollen types, representeb by the two sections, though not strongly distinct, may be considered as further evidence of the validity of the two taxa as section.       Sexuality of flowers is also disscussed in the paper. According to our observationon six species, i.e. Stachyurus yunnanensis, S. obovatus, S. himalaicus, S. chinensis, S. salicifolius, S. retusus, the plants are dioecious, which supports T. Makino's observation on S. praecox and H. Hara's on S. himalaicus. Female flowers have relatively large pistils and short stamens with empty anthers, while male flowers have smaller sterile pistils and longer stamens with well developed anthers.