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This study evaluates a course in gender and cultural issues. A sample consisting of 57 graduate students completed the Wayne Ethnic Awareness Measure, the Therapists' Attitudes Toward Women Scale, and the Robinson Behavioral Inventory. 相似文献
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The evolution of a general model of counseling from Rogers through Carkhuff to Egan has resulted in a loss of emphasis on perceptual change and an increasing interest in social influence and action interventions. Greenberg and Kahn present an expanded model of counseling, which includes a stimulation phase. The addition of a stimulation phase in counseling is suggested to provide a place for active counseling methods that effect client perceptual change. This stimulation phase actively involves the counselor and client in full exploration, which culminates in discovery. Two processes are differentiated: discovery and dynamic self-understanding. Active stimulation leads to new awareness that can be enhanced by social influence to achieve new understanding. 相似文献
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CARL H. CHIKO ROBERT J. TOLSMA SHARON E. KAHN STEPHEN E. MARKS 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1980,19(4):283-292
A domain of 2,186 competency statements was collected from a survey of counseling professionals, liteature, and counselor education programs. An examination of these statements revealed they were written at various levels of specificity and often the areas of knowledge, skills, and personal characteristics were confounded within a single statement. A concept analysis showed that competency statements have not been written for all of the duties performed by counselors. This article presents a model to rewrite existing competency statements in a standardized format; eliminating the problems of nonspecific, confounded, and missing competencies. Examples of the application of the model are given. 相似文献
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