Noise Rather than Numbers: Access to higher education in three European countries

This paper explores a number of special alternative arrangements for adults to access higher education in England and Wales, France and Germany and examines the impact on these arrangements of the relationship between the state and higher education in the three countries. The similarities and differences are analysed along two key dimensions: complexity-simplicity and rigidity-flexibility and the absence of clear statistical data in all three countries is accounted for by the way in which the various stakeholders justify their actions. Finally, Weiler's theory of compensatory legitimation is drawn on to assess the effectiveness of the policy innovations and to explain why the noise around them has been louder than the numbers involved might warrant.     

虹鳟假鳃组织中的碳酸酐酶免疫细胞化学定位(英文)

研究目的:假腮的功能早已引起科学家兴趣,但还有待阐明。本文通过研究硬骨鱼类品种虹鳟鱼(Oncorhynchus mykiss)的假腮碳酸酐酶的免疫定位,来探讨假腮碳酸酐酶的生理功能。研究方法:免疫组织化学染色技术。重要结论:免疫组化结果显示碳酸酐酶分布在假腮细胞中,更精确地说是在其细胞顶端分布。细胞基底端、管状系统、毛细血管和柱细胞均无免疫染色。免疫细胞化学定位进一步验证了这些结果,并显示一部分是细胞质碳酸酐酶,其余的与细胞膜结构连接。此外,腔隙层未显示出免疫过氧化物酶的活性。本研究揭示了假腮碳酸酐酶的功能与细胞外介质有关,碳酸酐酶能干预传入神经纤维刺激机制。     

Is That an Action Man in There? Masculinity as an Imaginative Act of Self-creation

The concept of masculinity has been critiqued either as an ideological effect of patriarchy or as a play of discourse. This occurs at a time when there is renewed interest in biologically reductive theories of gender, and in the context (in the UK) of public disquiet about boys' academic performance. This paper argues that while masculinity cannot be regarded as a foundational subject, the reality of the category 'masculinity' in the daily lives of students and teachers means that we have to take account of how it structures both the social and pedagogic life of the classroom. The paper demonstrates how an imagined sense of masculinity--the masculine social imaginary--appears as a reality in the boys' narratives of self. The paper also argues that while this masculine social imaginary provides the semantic logic of gender, it is in the moment-to-moment interactions that boys have to assert and seek recognition of themselves as male. 'Masculinity' continues to be a useful sociological concept.     

EXPECTANCY EFFECTS IN THE SCORING OF VOCABULARY ITEMS: A STUDY OF SCORER BIAS1

A study was undertaken for the purpose of evaluating the degree to which the scoring of vocabulary items might be influenced by the scorer's expectancies. 72 Ss were given the task of scoring 20 responses to items on the Vocabulary subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). In the bright condition (n= 37) Ss were informed that the responses were those of a child reading far above his age level, while in the dull condition (n= 35) Ss were informed that the responses were those of a child reading far below his age level. It was found that the mean score assigned to the protocol by the Ss in the bright condition was significantly higher than that assigned by the Ss in the dull condition (p less than .05). Some factors regarding generalizability were advanced and discussed.     

Constructing and Deconstructing Masculinities through Critical Literacy

ABSTRACT This paper is set out in three parts. The first is a theoretical discussion about the ways in which we become gendered through the particular discursive patterns made available to us in our culture(s). The second provides a detailed analysis of a classroom in which the teacher, Mr Good, is working with the boys in his class to try to get them to take themselves up as literate in ways that might more usually be eschewed by boys who achieve hegemonic masculinity. The third part develops a definition of critical literacy that follows from the first two parts and which is relevant to the teaching of literacies to boys.