A grounded theory of positive youth development through sport based on results from a qualitative meta-study

The overall purpose of this study was to create a model of positive youth development (PYD) through sport grounded in the extant qualitative literature. More specifically, the first objective was to review and evaluate qualitative studies of PYD in sport. The second objective was to analyze and synthesize findings from these studies. Following record identification and screening, 63 articles were retained for analysis. Meta-method analysis revealed strengths of studies were the use of multiple data collection and validity techniques, which produced high-quality data. Weaknesses were limited use of ‘named’ methodologies and inadequate reporting of sampling procedures. Philosophical perspectives were rarely reported, and theory was used sparingly. Results of an inductive meta-data analysis produced three categories: PYD climate (adult relationships, peer relationships, and parental involvement), life skills program focus (life skill building activities and transfer activities), and PYD outcomes (in personal, social, and physical domains). A model that distinguishes between implicit and explicit processes to PYD is presented.     

Nutrition guidelines for strength sports: sprinting, weightlifting, throwing events, and bodybuilding

Strength and power athletes are primarily interested in enhancing power relative to body weight and thus almost all undertake some form of resistance training. While athletes may periodically attempt to promote skeletal muscle hypertrophy, key nutritional issues are broader than those pertinent to hypertrophy and include an appreciation of the sports supplement industry, the strategic timing of nutrient intake to maximize fuelling and recovery objectives, plus achievement of pre-competition body mass requirements. Total energy and macronutrient intakes of strength-power athletes are generally high but intakes tend to be unremarkable when expressed relative to body mass. Greater insight into optimization of dietary intake to achieve nutrition-related goals would be achieved from assessment of nutrient distribution over the day, especially intake before, during, and after exercise. This information is not readily available on strength-power athletes and research is warranted. There is a general void of scientific investigation relating specifically to this unique group of athletes. Until this is resolved, sports nutrition recommendations for strength-power athletes should be directed at the individual athlete, focusing on their specific nutrition-related goals, with an emphasis on the nutritional support of training.     

日语复合动词「V-V」型的副词化

非范畴化是指为在一定的条件下,范畴成员逐渐失去范畴特征的过程。这些成分在重新范畴化之前处于一种不稳定的中间状态,它们丧失了原有范畴的某些典型特征,同时获得了新范畴的某些特征。以非范畴化理论为依据,探讨日语复合动词的构成要素在非范畴化阶段的副词化现象。从意义上看,复合动词副词化的构成要素在副词化过程中丧失了原意,获得了加强主要动词动作的程度副词意;从句法特征上看,副词化的构成要素丧失格支配能力。     

基于Mann-Kendall法的酒泉市近50年气候变化特征及突变分析

利用酒泉市所属6个站点1959-2008年的气温和降水资料,采用滑动平均、趋势分析和MannKendall等方法,分析该地区的气候变化的特征.结果表明:在全球变暖背景下,酒泉市的气温突变明显,而降水突变不明显.近50年来,酒泉市年平均气温和各个季节的平均气温呈显著变暖趋势,其中年平均气温在90年代中后期发生了突变,酒泉市东部的突变年份早于西部的突变年份;酒泉市年降水量呈微弱增长趋势,酒泉市东部的增长幅度略小于西部.这表明气候突变在酒泉市不同的地区会有不同的体现,突变时间不同步.     

加强实训基地建没促进职业技能发展——以宜兴职业教育中心校为例

职业教育人才培养最重要和最显著的特征就是突出实践能力的培养,职业教育人才培养要以职业技术能力的培养为主线,突出实用性、技能性和岗位针对性.学生实践能力的培养离不开校内外实训基地的建设.     

禅宗丛林管理模式与高校管理的比较与启示

本文在比较分析我国高校现行管理模式的基础上，借鉴禅宗丛林制度管理模式的某些管理理念与方法，有针对性地提出改善高校管理体制与模式的建议，认为高校应改革高层领导与学校利益脱钩的制度，改变管理观念，培育有利于个体创造性发挥的人文组织环境，建立科学民主的干部选拔机制，确立学术为中心的管理体制。