体医融合项目的风险治理:一种新的面向与选择——从非典到新型冠状肺炎谈起

体医融合和非医疗健康干预可以有效促进疾病管理与健康服务模式的形成,但体医融合项目治理初期仍然受到理念融合、体医融资、部门协同等因素的影响。该文以病毒、人体免疫与体育运动的体医融合关系视角,依据共生理论对体医融合项目的风险治理逻辑进行了阐述。采用文献资料法、数理统计法等对体医融合项目风险治理的相关个案进行了整理,并基于NVIVO11.0质性分析软件对体医融合个案进行识别分析,构建了体医融合项目风险治理的影响因素评价指标体系,包括13个一级指标30个二级指标。最后提出了体医融合项目风险治理的路径选择(1)将体医融合理念提升至构建公共卫生保障体系战略的高度;(2)落地变现体医融合项目购买方案;(3)打造政府精准购买体医融合项目区块链。     

Audience management,online turbulence and lurking in social networking services: A transactional process of stress perspective

In social networking services (SNSs), users’ unclear understanding of the large and invisible audience increases the chances of online turbulence, which is a key source of SNS-induced stress. This growing phenomenon has gained increasing attention in academia and industry due to the undesirable consequences for users and SNS platforms. In this study, we draw from the transactional model of stress to examine how audience management strategies impact online turbulence and lead to neglected unintended audience concern and lurking. We also investigate the role of self-monitoring as a stress inhibitor. We test our model with data collected from 301 SNS users. The results show that the four types of audience management strategies have different effects on online turbulence, which significantly impacts neglected unintended audience concern especially when users have high self-monitoring skills. We believe that this work contributes, both from scientific and practical standpoints, to the understanding of the interventions and stressful responses of online turbulence in SNSs.     

图书馆情报学主要研究方法:了解、选择及使用

[目的/意义]研究方法在学术研究中发挥着至关重要的作用。确认图书馆情报学领域主要的研究方法，并对它们进行了解熟悉，以在开展研究时能合理选择、灵活使用，确保研究质量。[方法/过程]对近2 000篇图书馆情报学领域的研究文献以及相关研究方法论文进行内容分析，在此基础上对研究方法的类分命名、图书馆情报学界主要的研究方法的确定、特点和使用注意事项进行介绍和讨论。[结果/结论]研究方法应以数据收集法而不是数据分析法命名。图书馆情报学领域常用的研究方法包括实验法、问卷法、理论研讨法、内容分析法、访谈法和书目计量法，每种方法都有各自的特点。因而在选择使用时，既应根据具体研究课题及研究方法之特性，也要考虑使用注意事项，并尽量在同一研究中采用两种或更多的方法，以扬长避短，更有效地展开研究。     

美国体育小镇的运行机制及其对中国的启示

体育是美国人生活中不可或缺的一部分，发达的体育文化为美国小镇体育的繁荣奠定了基础。研究以美国体育小镇为对象，运用文献资料、实地考察、逻辑分析及ArcGIS地理信息绘图等方法和技术对美国体育小镇进行了研究。结果表明：美国体育小镇的布局属非均匀化发展，存在东强西弱，南强北弱的特点且表现出"马太效应"。进而从社会学的角度分析了美国体育小镇运行的外部环境和内在动力机制，并以典型案例对体育小镇运行特点进行了剖析。建议我国体育小镇的建设应从目标引领、政策驱动、环境支持、形成正反馈循环和塑造灵魂等方面思考以推动体育小镇的建设。     

不同负荷运动训练对大鼠骨骼肌线粒体三羧酸循环的影响及其机制研究

目的：探讨不同负荷运动训练对大鼠骨骼肌线粒体三羧酸循环的影响及其机制。方法：将雄性Wistar大鼠50只随机均分为5组：安静对照组（C）、低负荷运动训练组（LT）、中等负荷运动训练组（MT）、高负荷运动训练组（HT）和极高负荷运动训练组（ST），每组10只。各运动组分别进行6周的跑台运动训练。训练方案结束后，取腓肠肌样本，提取线粒体，测定线粒体柠檬酸合成酶（CS）、异柠檬酸脱氢酶（ICD）和α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶（α-KGDHC）活性；线粒体Ga²⁺含量、胞浆NADH、NAD⁺、ATP和ADP含量，以及ICD mRNA转录水平。结果：（1）不同负荷运动训练组线粒体CS、ICD和α-KGDHC的活性均显著高于安静对照组（P < 0.01），且CS和ICD活性由高到低顺序均为：MT组 > HT组 > ST组 > LT组 > C组，α-KGDHC活性由高到低顺序为：HT组 > MT组 > ST组 > LT组 > C组。（2）不同负荷运动训练组线粒体Ca²⁺ 含量均显著高于安静对照组（P < 0.01），其含量由高到低顺序为：MT组 > HT组 > ST组 > LT组 > C组；胞浆NADH/NAD⁺和ATP/ADP的比值均显著低于安静对照组（P < 0.01），其比值由低到高顺序为：MT组 < ST组 < HT组 < LT组 < C组。（3）不同负荷运动训练组ICD mRNA转录水平均高于安静对照组（P < 0.01），其水平由高到低顺序为： MT组 > HT组 > ST组 > LT组 > C组。结论：低负荷、中等负荷、高负荷及极高负荷运动训练均可提高大鼠骨骼肌线粒体三羧酸循环功能，且中等负荷运动训练效果最佳。其机制与胞浆NADH/NAD⁺和ATP/ADP比值、线粒体摄钙能力及限速酶基因的表达有关。     

科学数据共享研究现状与展望

[目的/意义] 分析科学数据共享的研究现状及其发展趋势，为促进国内相关理论研究与实践进展提供参考。[方法/过程] 通过对国内外文献进行梳理和归纳，提炼出与科学数据共享研究相关的三大类主题：科学数据共享发展需求、科学数据管理共享模式与机制和科学数据服务共享度与服务效果，并构建科学数据共享管理分析框架，该框架体现上述三类主题之间的因果关联，强调科学数据共享管理与服务的合理面、重要度、关键性。[结果/结论] 国内外现有研究尚存不足，未来研究在加强实证研究、着眼管理机制完善的同时，还需注重共享服务模式的创新。     

Genetic Polymorphism of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptors and Their Effect on the Clinical Outcome of Captopril Treatment in Arab Iraqi Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (Mid Euphrates)

Genetic variation in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) has an important effect on the outcome of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) initiated treatment with captopril. This study aims to investigate the impact of genetic polymorphism of AT1R (rs5186 and rs275651) on the ACS outcome in Iraqi patients treated with captopril. A total of 250 Iraqi individuals with ACS were included in this case—control study and they were divided into two study groups; Study group 1 included 125 participants who were prescribed captopril, 25 mg twice daily and study group 2 included 125 participants who received no captopril as part of their ACS treatment (control study). The AT1R gene (rs5186) CC genotype was found to be associated with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (Odd’s ratio (O.R) = 1.2, P = 0.7), while AC was associated with Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina (UA) (O.R = 1.2, P = 0.8). AC genotype is more prone to have Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after ACS attack (O.R = 1.2, P = 0.6). CC genotype had a risk to get less improvement (O.R = 1.6, P = 0.5), so might require higher doses of captopril during acute coronary insult. The AT1R gene (rs275651) AA genotype was associated with UA (O.R = 1.3, P = 0.9). AA and AT genotypes were more prone to have PCI after ACS attack (O.R = 3.9 P = 0.2, O.R = 3.5, P = 0.3 respectively) and thus requiring higher doses of captopril. We conclude that the AT1R rs5186, rs275651 genetic polymorphisms might partially affect the clinical outcome of ACS patients treated with captopril and might have captopril resistance which requires higher doses.     

Tracking user-role evolution via topic modeling in community question answering

Community question answering (CQA) services that enable users to ask and answer questions are popular on the internet. Each user can simultaneously play the roles of asker and answerer. Some work has aimed to model the roles of users for potential applications in CQA. However, the dynamic characteristics of user roles have not been addressed. User roles vary over time. This paper explores user representation by tracking user-role evolution, which could enable several potential applications in CQA, such as question recommendation. We believe this paper is the first to track user-role evolution and investigate its influence on the performance of question recommendation in CQA. Moreover, we propose a time-aware role model (TRM) to effectively track user-role evolution. With different independence assumptions, two variants of TRM are developed. Finally, we present the TRM-based approach to question recommendation, which provides a mechanism to naturally integrate the user-role evolution with content relevance between the answerer and the question into a unified probabilistic framework. Experiments using real-world data from Stack Overflow show that (1) the TRM is valid for tracking user-role evolution, and (2) compared with baselines utilizing role based methods, our TRM-based approach consistently and significantly improves the performance of question recommendation. Hence, our approach could enable several potential applications in CQA.     

高职院校顶岗实习管理机制构建探析

顶岗实习是实现高职人才培养目标的重要途径。鉴于当前高职顶岗实习中学校、学生及教师各层面都存在的问题,重新设计了顶岗实习的流程体系,通过校、企、师、生、家五方联动,构建了五途径保障实习岗位、两维度驱动实习成效、四层次规范实习管理、三主体强化实习评价的“五二四三”顶岗实习模式,实现学生、企业、教师、家长、导师和学校的六方共赢。     

下一代图书馆系统平台的实践与思考

[目的/意义]大数据与人工智能等技术为图书馆智慧服务带来机遇与挑战，图书馆新系统平台建设刻不容缓。旨在探讨下一代图书馆系统平台发展现状及对策，为建设一流高校智慧图书馆提供实践案例与参考依据。[方法/过程]梳理图书馆系统平台发展脉络，在盘点现有的国内外下一代图书馆系统平台的研究与实践的基础上，以南京大学为例，探索图书馆新系统平台的建设方案。[结果/结论]智慧图书馆将通过建设一体化电子资源管理平台并打造NLSP，提升图书馆资源管控和知识服务水平，构建开放共享的智慧图书馆服务体系。