Introduction of Rhetorical Situation to the Analysis of President Bush's Address on September 11

The theory rhetoric situation put forward by Bitzer is applied to the analysis of President Bush’s address on September 11. Such these essential elements as the exigence, audience and constraints will be illustrated to reveal the cultural and religious roots behind the September 11 terrorist attack.     

达尔文与基督教世界的沟通他的跨洋策略

在达尔文出生的那个年代,没有人会接受关于进化和人类起源的自然主义学说,他在那个时代分享了他关于自然、上帝以及历史的观念。在“贝格尔号”航行之后,他提出的“生命始于同一祖先”理论如何能令人信服,是他面临的巨大挑战。自从达尔文开始进化论的研究之后,他对“我的理论”的推广并非一定意在反驳宗教教义,而是作为宗教和科学的进步。达尔文深信的一条教义,就是人类具有共同祖先或者说所有种族皆兄弟——这可作为废除黑奴制度的一个理论根据。英国已于1838年废除了奴隶制,世界的目光于是转向美国——该国奴隶制正如火如荼,并得到一种支持奴隶制、主张人种多元的新特创论的支持。达尔文的跨洋策略自19世纪50年代开始便深深影响着美国反奴隶制的精英博物学家,他们对共同祖先理论的支持将被用来颠覆这一人种多元特创论——比用《圣经》中那不足凭信的人种同一论更为有效。因此,他的理论可作为道德和科学领域的进步而引起美国基督教世界废奴主义者的兴趣。然而,该策略却从未完全发挥自身所有的潜力,这使特创论在20世纪萌生了新的形式。     

卡内基图书馆计划的回眸与反思

安德鲁·卡内基基于对公共图书馆的深刻认识,通过其基金会斥巨资实施卡内基图书馆计划.由于捐助规模的过分庞大和各社区情况的纷繁复杂,在实施过程中出现一些问题,但该计划仍然取得了巨大成功.卡内基图书馆计划是人类历史上史无前例的慈善行为,其取得的成就与成功经验书写了美国和世界公共图书馆发展史上的神话.其借鉴意义是:中国应当建立完善的慈善制度、法律和法规,加强宏观指导和激励措施,加强慈善事业的管理与监督,充分发挥图书馆协(学)会的地位和作用,正确引导富人捐助公共图书馆事业.表2.参考文献12.     

英国政府的“人民预算”探源

英国自由党政府1909年提出的“人民预算案”是英国的财政制度、政治制度的转折点。英国政府通过福利制度保障广大劳工阶级的基本生活,而且通过财产税为社会福利筹集款项。这一财政法案有利于促进英国的经济平等和社会公正,有利于福利国家的建立和社会矛盾的缓和。“人民预算”是一个具有重要意义的福利预算。     

论马维尔玄学诗的审美特征以《致他娇羞的女友》和《花园》为例

作为英国文艺复兴时期玄学诗人,安德鲁．马维尔把对自然的细心观察,对人世的深沉思索,对艺术乐感的追求融合在—起,常常选择简单的主题统辖深刻而严肃的观念,借用各种不同的意象寄寓复杂的情感态度,创造独特的艺术形式激发动人心弦的美感。其诗作《致他娇羞的女友》和《花园》之间虽有“情”与“理”的不同指归,却均因具有马维尔玄学诗的艺术背景,表现出艺术还原、意象生动、音韵优美、蕴藉丰富的审美特征而倍受后人推崇。     

怀斯的画语

安德鲁一怀斯的绘画表现出对故乡风物的亲近,并充满诗性.透过欲望、精神、历史与文化的内涵,可以看到他的绘画的主题是人类的悲悯,也可以看到他对自然的眷恋,对生活的挚爱.怀斯的画是乡土的、具象的,其实更是心灵的,他为自己的心灵作画.他认为前卫的探索更应该是一种精神的远行,于是,在这个物质不断丰富的世界里探索人类心灵的境遇,正是怀斯作品的震撼力量之所在.     

SOLINET's Gulf Coast Libraries Recovery Projects for Public and Academic Libraries

SUMMARY

In 2005, Hurricanes Katrina and Rita damaged many libraries along the Gulf Coast. Due to widespread destruction in communities, library recovery has been slow. With support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, SOLINET implemented two projects in 2006 to insure that library services remain available in the region. The projects provide temporary public library facilities in communities where libraries were destroyed, distribute grants to restore services at academic libraries and support planning in public libraries, and provide education to facilitate recovery. The projects also address planning for long-term recovery and improved preparedness for future disasters.     

音乐剧《猫》的艺术特色及其带来的启示

英国音乐剧《猫》是当代流行于世界的一部经典剧目。其成功包括多方面的原因,除了商业运作和经济投资外,音乐、舞美设计及其演员的表演都夺人先声。不管是舞台设计和演员的化妆等硬件,还是音乐与表演等软件都有与众不同的地方。《猫》的剧情简单,但结尾点题,发人深省;表演生动,似猫似人,颇具想像力;音乐美妙动听,易于传唱。     

《致他的娇羞的女友》的享乐主题刍议

安德鲁·马韦尔是英国玄学派诗人中非常重要的代表人物。文章分析他的主要代表作《致他的娇羞的女友》突出地表达了“及时行乐”的作品主题,整篇诗作音律优美,结构严谨,气势磅礴,充满奇特的比喻,使作品具有经久不衰的艺术魅力,至今仍给人独特的艺术享受。     

Interpreting the Cultural Revolution politically

Abstract

This essay reviews the recent work of three sociologists, Andrew Walder, Alessandro Russo, and Joel Andreas, on factionalism in the Chinese Cultural Revolution (CR). To varying degrees, all three authors under review question the dominant sociological interpretation of CR factionalism, which directly links factional allegiance to objective class position, and they each attempt to develop a political interpretation instead. Politics, however, is understood differently by the authors. Walder argues that, through attending to the ‘event sequence’ of the CR in which factionalism emerged, factional politics can be de‐linked from the sociological base to which it is usually tied. Russo, influenced by the work of Alain Badiou and Sylvain Lazarus, argues that the factionalism of the CR should be linked to the emergence of a subjective ‘political sequence’ and not to the pre‐existing structural organization of Chinese socialism. Unlike Walder, for whom mass politics seems to be firmly identified with elite intra‐party power struggle, for Russo a space between elite power struggles and the pluralization of mass political organizations allowed a genuine subjective politics to emerge. Joel Andreas employs Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of political and cultural capital in order to study the development of CR factions in the Qinghua Attached Middle School and Qinghua University, painting a complex political and sociological understanding of factionalization. These works not only offer reinterpretations of the CR itself, but also help to generate interesting questions about the political relationship between the present and the 1960s, both in China and globally.