迪尔凯姆和吉登斯思想中的社会性因素

迪尔凯姆强调社会事实中外在性和强制性的特征源于某种社会性因素。吉登斯则从“结构二重性”角度丰富了社会性因素的理论范式。只有认识到社会性因素是主观存在和客观存在的统一,抽象存在和具体存在的统一,才能消除社会性因素理解中的矛盾。     

In Defence of the Modernist Project in Education

This paper advocates the concept of critical modernity, in contradistinction to that of postmodernity, in orientating the practice of education. It draws on work in anthropology, and the writings of Giddens and Habermas, in support of a re-vivified project of modernity. It also presents ideas from on-going communication styles research that may give efficacy in education to Habermas's concept of communicative action.     

Objectivity and the Other Orwell: The tabloidism of the Daily Mirror and journalistic authenticity

Rebellion in Elizabethan Ireland triggered the publication of a series of early news pamphlets in England that have been labeled as tedious military narratives celebrating English victories over native insurgents. Careful scrutiny of these pamphlets, specifically those titles that relayed news of the Second Desmond rebellion (1579–1583), suggests otherwise. Therein, it was not news of events in Ireland that was stressed, nor indeed was it the Catholicism of the Old English who had entered into rebellion. Instead, these works prioritized political obedience to queen and commonwealth above all else and employed this revolt to remind readers of the essential obligations of fidelity and virtue. As agents of persuasion rather than purveyors of news, the authors echoed official thinking by the state in cultivating the importance attached to obedience amid strains in both kingdoms that attended the Counter-Reformation.     

Evaluating the Children's Literature Collection

This article reports on an evaluation study of the Children's Literature Collection conducted at Gustavus Adolphus College Library in 1992. Among the goals were to assess quality and extent of the collection and to find out why students were dissatisfied with the collection. The methodology included the inductive method of checking a collection against a major review instrument and annual lists of "best" titles, as well as a user survey in order to compare findings about quality and size of the collection with students' perception of the two measures. Surprisingly it was found that students major dissatisfaction stemmed not so much from lack of quality and quantity of the collection but rather from problems with access via the online catalog and shelf arrangement.     

Tracing the Conceptions and Treatment of Genre in Anglo-American Cataloging

This study examines the conceptions and treatment of genre in four sets of modern Anglo-American cataloging rules spanning 171 years. Genre-related rules are first identified through “genre(s),” “form(s),” and “type(s)” keyword searches, and manual examination of the contents, then analyzed by level of treatment genre receives and by user tasks, as defined in the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records. While genre is found to be sporadically addressed across the rules, its significance has increased over time. In conclusion, the authors call for a rigorous and functional definition of genre and an integrated approach to genre in cataloging.     

The use of structuration theory to conceptualize alternative practice in education: the case of private school outreach in India

This paper contributes to arguments for the potential of Giddens’ structuration theory in educational research. It illustrates how ‘conceptual schemes’ from structuration theory were applied to the author’s empirical research on a type of alternative educational practice in India, ‘private school outreach’. It shows how Giddens’ concepts of ‘social system’, ‘structure’ and ‘agency’ helped to conceptualize private school outreach, and how ‘constraint’ and ‘ontological security’ offered explanations of apparent contradictions in private school outreach practice within the context of the reasons and motivations of actors. It also argues that when schools attempt to do things differently, contradictions may occur because the same ‘rules and resources’ that are drawn on in the production of alternative practice are drawn on in the reproduction of practice. Finally, acknowledging the debates around structuration theory, some of its key criticisms are addressed in relation to the empirical application.     

《共产党宣言》中的“脱域”思想及其当代意义

"脱域"概念是由英国当代著名社会学家安东尼·吉登斯最先提出的,但早在100多年前,马克思和恩格斯在《共产党宣言》中就曾有过类似"脱域"的思想。他们的研究既有相似之处,又存在着很大区别。《共产党宣言》中所隐蕴的"脱域"思想,对于当前我国构建社会主义和谐社会具有重要的启示。     

贝克、吉登斯和拉什论自反性现代化--《自反性现代化》解读

在《自反性现代化》一书中，贝克、吉登斯和拉什分别从政治、传统和美学角度，别出心裁地勾画了他们的自反性现代化理论。他们想特别说明，在自反性现代化阶段，我们被置身于风险社会中，但是我们仍然在寻求希望。他们想借助于这一理论来为克服现代主义者和后现代主义者之间的争论，以及为超越“左”和右的政治提供第三条道路。     

超越结构与行动二元对立——对吉登斯与布迪厄理论的比较性评析

结构与行动二元对立是社会学理论发展过程中不可避免而又难以解决的难题。当代社会学理论家吉登斯与布迪厄都对这种主客二元对立进行了反思,各自提出了既有区别又有联系的结构化理论与实践理论。本文在对他们理论梳理的基础上将二者对行动与结构二元对立的超越进行比较性评析。