体育教学情境下学生学业求助行为的影响因素研究

以258名大学1、2年级的学生为被试，根据交互作用原理考察了在体育教学情境下学生学业求助行为的影响因素．结果表明：自我效能、内在动机、任务定向目标等动机因素和课堂环境均与学业求助行为呈显著正相关．自我效能、内在动机、任务定向目标、课堂环境对学业求助行为构成显著回归效应。     

大学图书馆现代化指南针报告

教育部高等学校图书情报工作指导委员会和北京大学图书馆合作研制《大学图书馆现代化指南针报告》,报告主要采用德尔菲法对34位图书馆学、情报学领域的专家和学者进行了三轮意见征询,集成专家智慧,总结出大学图书馆现代化在核心理念、主要目标、实际问题、理论问题、关键要素和生态关系等方面的发展趋势,为实现大学图书馆内涵式发展、整体发展、高质量发展、科学发展、可持续发展提供方向指引,成为新时代新征程上大学图书馆谋划新思路、推动新发展、构建新格局的“指南针”。     

对课堂教学设计中教学目标阐明的思考

教学目标阐明在整个课堂教学设计中占据着很重要的地位。该文在概述教学目标阐明的已有研究后,反思了新的时代背景下教学目标阐明中存在的主要问题,并对此提出了个人的思考。     

Comparison of three web-scale discovery services for health sciences research

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative effectiveness of three web-scale discovery (WSD) tools in answering health sciences search queries.

Methods

Simple keyword searches, based on topics from six health sciences disciplines, were run at multiple real-world implementations of EBSCO Discovery Service (EDS), Ex Libris''s Primo, and ProQuest''s Summon. Each WSD tool was evaluated in its ability to retrieve relevant results and in its coverage of MEDLINE content.

Results

All WSD tools returned between 50%–60% relevant results. Primo returned a higher number of duplicate results than the other 2 WSD products. Summon results were more relevant when search terms were automatically mapped to controlled vocabulary. EDS indexed the largest number of MEDLINE citations, followed closely by Summon. Additionally, keyword searches in all 3 WSD tools retrieved relevant material that was not found with precision (Medical Subject Headings) searches in MEDLINE.

Conclusions

None of the 3 WSD products studied was overwhelmingly more effective in returning relevant results. While difficult to place the figure of 50%–60% relevance in context, it implies a strong likelihood that the average user would be able to find satisfactory sources on the first page of search results using a rudimentary keyword search. The discovery of additional relevant material beyond that retrieved from MEDLINE indicates WSD tools'' value as a supplement to traditional resources for health sciences researchers.     

目标管理在高职院校素质教育中的应用研究

目标管理理论在企业界和相当一部分事业单位中得到广泛应用并已取得显著实效。近几年, 这一理论也逐步进入高职商专院校并在高职高专院校素质教育中取得初步成效。     

高职人才培养目标定位的新思考

大众化高等教育背景下,单一的精英型技能人才目标不仅不切实际,也不能满足学生多样化成才需要,应将高职人才培养目标定位为人力资源开发。在技术日新月异的新时代,高职应适当拓宽人才培养基础,加强学生的通识能力培养,并树立大市场观念,不仅考虑行业企业用人单位的需要,还应考虑学生的需要,摒弃单一的技术理性思维,激发学生自我成才动机,培养学生的创造性。随着企业生产组织方式的变迁,高职人才培养目标应作出相应调整。     

大学图书馆本科生流通服务工作重构依据及其实证研究

为了明晰纸本图书的存在价值,为图书馆流通服务的转型提供参考,本文选取某高校2011级4个学院本科毕业生为研究样本,将借阅数据与成绩数据相关联,从借阅册数、文献类别、借阅时间、利用周期4个维度对本科生纸本图书借阅与课程成绩的相关性和贡献度进行实证分析。研究表明,纸本资源对于学生学习的作用并未下降,应明确面向本科生的图书馆纸本资源流通服务方向,有效整合馆员、资源、空间等要素,以重构流通服务模式及流程。     

对当前学生评价存在问题的思考--基于教育目标分类理论视角

分析了目前我国基础教育学生评价存在的主要问题：测量对象的局限性,教师训练方式的僵化,知识与技能关系分离等。认为现代学生评价应该在四个方面进行改革：评价观念、评价内容、评价方法以及评价功能。强调通过对学生掌握知识和认知过程的评价,凸显评价的发展性功能,以达到帮助学生获得全面发展的目的。     

Adverse experiences in early childhood and their longitudinal impact on later behavioral problems of children living in poverty

BackgroundAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are an identified risk factor for the social and emotional development of children. What is less known is the long-term effects of ACEs when poverty and ACEs coincide.ObjectiveUsing longitudinal cohort-panel data, we examined whether exposure to ACEs by the age of three among poor children would longitudinally result in behavioral problems at ages three, five, nine, and 15, after controlling for mothers’ socioeconomic status and their children’s characteristics.Participants and settingWe used a subsample of 2750 children and their parents living in urban poverty from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing study.MethodsLogistic regression modeling was used to obtain adjusted odds ratios of ACE categories predicting behavioral problems after accounting for family socioeconomic position.ResultsOur findings indicate that experiencing ACEs in early childhood was significantly associated with later behavioral outcomes from childhood to adolescence. Exposure to multiple ACEs before the age of three was significantly associated with the top-risk behavior group at age five; the odd ratios were 2.0 (CI = 1.3–3.1) and 2.9 (CI = 1.8–4.6) for two ACEs and three or more ACEs, respectively. At both ages nine and 15, children experiencing two or more ACEs had 1.9 to 3.2 times higher odds to demonstrate more the top 10th percentile of behavioral problems. Among covariates, mothers’ race and education, and children’s gender and temperament were identified as significant factors to determine behavior problems.ConclusionsThe findings support policies and programs for families with children who have experienced economic disadvantages and early childhood adversity.