Culturally Diverse Undergraduate Researchers’ Academic Outcomes and Perceptions of Their Research Mentoring Relationships

Few studies have empirically investigated the specific factors in mentoring relationships between undergraduate researchers (mentees) and their mentors in the biological and life sciences that account for mentees’ positive academic and career outcomes. Using archival evaluation data from more than 400 mentees gathered over a multi-year period (2005–2011) from several undergraduate biology research programs at a large, Midwestern research university, we validated existing evaluation measures of the mentored research experience and the mentor–mentee relationship. We used a subset of data from mentees (77% underrepresented racial/ethnic minorities) to test a hypothesized social cognitive career theory model of associations between mentees’ academic outcomes and perceptions of their research mentoring relationships. Results from path analysis indicate that perceived mentor effectiveness indirectly predicted post-baccalaureate outcomes via research self-efficacy beliefs. Findings are discussed with implications for developing new and refining existing tools to measure this impact, programmatic interventions to increase the success of culturally diverse research mentees and future directions for research.     

Students’ perceptions of career conversations with their teachers

Internationally, schools acknowledge their responsibility in guiding students not only in their academic growth, but also in their lifelong career development. In relation to this development, vocational schools in the Netherlands are implementing integral career guidance in which teachers receive a new task in guiding students in developing their own learning and career paths. A questionnaire was developed to investigate students’ perceptions of career guidance by teachers during career conversations, and data involving 28 teachers were collected from 579 students. The study identified four different teacher guidance profiles. Remarkable is that teachers spoke very little about career issues, and school issues were mostly on the agenda. The results indicate that teachers struggle with the transition towards becoming a career guide of students, and aspects influencing the transition into this new role need to be considered.     

Teachers’ career ladder policy in Ethiopia: an opportunity for professional growth or “a stick disguised as a carrot?”

In response to the ever-declining status of the teaching profession, and its adverse effects on the country's educational system, the Federal Ministry of Education in Ethiopia introduced a policy of the teachers’ career ladder in 1994. While reformers believe that the introduction of the policy has improved the condition of the teaching profession, the net gains of the policy remain deceptive and even, in part, reduce some of the benefits teachers used to enjoy in the single salary scheme in the past. Among other things, central to the claims of the policy's advocates stands an improved salary scale for teachers. While this was admittedly true by the time the policy was introduced, the gain in salary raise has gradually been lost to the bureaucratic hurdles and watchdog structures erected to screen teachers’ eligibility at each stage of the career ladder. After critically assessing the major aspects of the policy, along with the voices of Ethiopian teachers, the current study argues that the policy of the teachers’ career ladder in Ethiopia is another prototypical case of a failed experiment both in terms of improving the lives of teachers and maintaining their professional rights.     

我们需要什么样的成人高等教育——兼评“学历+技能”模式

在国际成人高等教育发展的趋势中,我国成人高等教育的生存境遇越来越引起广泛关注。成人高等教育\"学历+技能\"模式的探索,更需要回答\"我们需要什么样的成人高等教育\"的现实问题。近年来,高等教育的\"学术取向\"与\"职业取向\"之争,引发了高等教育转型问题的讨论焦点,这直接关系到我国成人高等教育改革与发展走向的重大问题。从国际视野理解成人高等教育,必须打破传统的教育观念,成人高等教育决不意味着学术水平降低,同时也不排斥职业取向;成人高等教育不能简单地等同于\"职业性\"+\"高等性\"+\"成人性\",因此,\"学历+技能\"模式不以提升\"学力\"为目标,就不能真正弥合目前我国各类教育之间所存在的巨大\"缝隙\"。     

浅谈中职职业生涯规划活动课的实施

职业生涯规划作为中职德育中的一门重要课程,对中职生具有重要的指引作用。本文分析了在中职职业生涯规划课程中开展活动课的必要性,并探索了如何有效开展活动课的措施。     

海峡两岸高校生涯辅导比较研究

大陆与台湾高校生涯辅导在基础、密度、专业化程度、发展阶段、指导思想等方面都存在差别。厘清这些差别。对于提高大陆高校的生涯辅导水平。促进大学生充分就业,推进社会专业化分工,都具有重要意义。     

论教师职业生涯规划——从新手型教师发展到专家型教师

教师职业生涯规划是教师走向成功的基本前提。教师作为学校的主体,如何快速地成长为专家型教师,实现教师自我的专业化发展,必须清晰地认识到教师职业生涯规划的重要性。就教师职业生涯规划的必要性、教师成长阶段及如何规划谈认识体会。     

Career patterns and competences of PhDs in science and engineering in the knowledge economy: The case of graduates from a UK research-based university

Based on data collected through a complex survey of science and engineering PhD graduates from a UK research-based university, this paper examines the different types of careers and to what extent different types of competences acquired from doctoral education are regarded as valuable in the different career types. The results show that employment outside the conventional technical occupations is the main destination for the survey respondents. This career type is not only successful at retaining its members, but is also the destination of the other career types. Moreover, different types of competences from doctoral education are regarded as relatively more valuable in different career types: knowledge directly tied to subject areas is regarded as more valuable in academia/public research; both knowledge directly tied to subject areas (but more general type of knowledge rather than specialist knowledge in PhD topics) and the more general and transferable skills are regarded as valuable in technical positions in manufacturing; and the general and transferable skills are regarded as more valuable in employment outside the conventional technical occupations. In absolute terms, general analytical skills and problem solving capability acquired from doctoral education are perceived as valuable in all three career types.     

A Cross-Cultural Study of the Career Maturity of Korean and United States High School Students

The present study aimed at conducting a cross-cultural comparison of career maturity between Korea and the United States. First, a Korean version of the Career Attitude Maturity Inventory (CAMI) was constructed. Then, an English version parallel to that Korean version was formed following three stages of procedure; translation, back translation, and field study. Finally, high school students of 11th grade from two different cultures (331 from Korea and 266 from the United States) were administered to the CAMI. Results indicated that constructs of career maturity are similar across two cultures with no gender differences. However, it was found that the level of maturity for those constructs was culture-bound. Those findings were discussed in cultural aspects of the development of career maturity.