背腰部按摩对运动员免疫能力的影响

运用对照法、机体实验法、生化测定法对运动员免疫能力进行研究。对16名长期大运动量训练运动员进行背腰部按摩,经运动员组和对照组的血液检测,比较两组免疫功能以及补体系统的指标。结果显示:对运动员背腰部按摩后,运动员组各项免疫功能与补体系统指标产生较大的变化;运动员的感冒和感染其它疾病次数减少;缩短恢复时间;增强抵抗疾病能力。结论:背腰部按摩能改善运动性免疫抑制现象、提高机体免疫能力、增强体质。     

国外图书馆自动化市场发展特点

总结了国外图书馆自动化市场发展的四个特点:开源代码系统出现及可能带来的影响;公司合并,私人资本进入市场;非自动化产品竞争激烈,将决定市场未来的走向;大量的系统移植.这四个特点奠定了未来行业发展的基础.介绍了国外自动化产品和非自动化产品在国内的销售情况,最后说明了国内图书馆自动化发展的相应情况等.     

An Ironic Imbalance: Coaching Opportunities and Gender in Women’s Artistic Gymnastics in Australia and New Zealand

Abstract

Women’s Artistic Gymnastics (WAG) is a sport designed specifically for women. With roots in ballet, calisthenics and eugenics, it was meant to showcase femininity, beauty, and encourage healthy bodies for motherhood, therefore offering socially acceptable sporting opportunities for females. This paper considers whether such sporting opportunities extended to female coaches. We examine the recruitment patterns in relation to gender of some of the top coaches in Australia and New Zealand since the 1980s, who are predominantly migrants. Using archival sources, interviews and personal experience, this paper argues that while so-called feminine or artistic sports can offer greater opportunities for female coaches, WAG in Australia and New Zealand remains dominated by male coaches, who have held the majority of the head coach positions and in many cases, been actively recruited from overseas. The few females who have been employed in top positions have been appointments of ‘convenience’ rather than reflective of a shift away from these gendered employment patterns. Thus, while its creation as a specifically feminine sport may lead WAG to be viewed as a site of increased opportunities for women coaches, deeper exploration reveals an unresolved tension between the use of male and female coaches.     

An Evolution of the Migration of Taiwanese Female Basketball Players: From the ‘American Dream’ to the ‘Chinese Dream’

Abstract

This paper explores the migration of female basketball players from Taiwan to China. Governance theory is adopted as the framework in this study to analyze the phenomenon of players’ migration and to understand how it was shaped over the years. The empirical work draws on a qualitative approach, which is based on a review of documentary materials and semi-structured interviews; coding and analysis were undertaken with a content analysis approach in order to investigate the decision-making processes and their consequences for the players’ migration. The feature of systematic governance for the development of women’s basketball has been revealed in this study. Stakeholders with personal interests caused the downturn of women’s basketball development in Taiwan, and it eventually led to the players’ migration abroad. Through the lens of governance theory, it has been revealed that a number of factors – namely, political, financial, personal, socio-economic, and cultural – all intertwine with one another dynamically to influence the female players’ decision to move abroad. This finding broadens the scope for the research of Taiwanese athletes’ migration to China, extending the focus from only business or industry to other aspects, thereby highlighting the fact that the subject is more complex than previously understood.     

The Structural Adjustment of Football in Zambia: Politics,Decline and Dispersal, 1991–1994

Abstract

This paper explores multiple and complex relationships between football (soccer), politics, and the economy in postcolonial Zambia. Based on archival and oral sources collected in Zambia, the paper argues that President Frederick Chiluba’s government failed to support football development when it came into power in 1991 because it was elected on a platform of liberalizing the collapsing national economy. Chiluba privatized state-owned companies that were sponsoring the game resulting in the plummeting of the local standards and migration of talented footballers abroad in search of better livelihoods. Furthermore, the paper argues that while the exodus of talented footballers led to the deterioration of the standards of the local league, their transnational experience boosted the performance of the Zambia national football team. This led to the emergence of one of the best national teams the country has ever had. Unfortunately, this particular team perished in the Gabon air disaster in 1993 following the government’s disinvestment in the game. However, a few months after the disaster, the country managed to rebuild a national football team, which emerged as runners up to Nigeria in the 1994 African Cup of Nations final as a result of a large pool of local and foreign-based football players.     

民国时期山西农村人口迁徙之分析

民国时期山西农村人口的迁徙流动在整个中国农村 ,特别是北方各省农村具有相当的代表性 ,此乃当时农村社会结构发生变动的主要特征之一。民国时期山西农村人口迁徙之因主要有灾荒、人祸及其各种经济压力等 ;其迁徙情势是复杂多变的 ,流动是多方位多层面的 ,而这种人口迁徙则对社会影响极大。     

中国农业非点源污染

本文从非点源污染的概念、污染物的迁移、转化机理以及对水环境的影响效应等方面详细阐述了目前我国农业非点源污染状况。同时结合国内外非点源污染研究的最新方法和手段,提出我国农业非点源污染相应的管理和控制方法。     

Roma women’s higher education participation: whose responsibility?

There are striking gaps between Roma and non-Roma higher education (HE) participation rates, with less than 1% of Roma possessing a tertiary-level qualification [United Nations Development Programme, World Bank and European Commission. 2011a. “The Situation of Roma in 11 EU Member States.” Accessed 3 April 2015. http://issuu.com/undp_in_europe_cis/docs/_roma_at_a_glance_web/1#download]. As the Decade of Roma Inclusion (2005–2015) closes, this renders the present a salient moment to reflect on Roma students’ HE experiences. Widening educational access for marginalised groups raises specific questions about where responsibility for doing so lies – with tensions between individualised articulations of raising aspiration and notions of collective responsibility framed in a social justice agenda. Drawing on interviews with five Roma women students, this paper unpacks the contradictions between desiring access to HE for individual self-betterment and concurrent pulls towards educating for the wider benefit of ‘improving’ Roma communities. Using Ahmed’s [2012. On Being Included: Racism and Diversity in Institutional Life. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press] work on institutional belonging, we explore the specifically gendered nature of these narratives in how ‘doubly’ marginalised bodies are positioned as outsiders, in receipt of an educational gift.     

省际人口迁移与云南省人口控制研究

人口迁移是重要的人口现象和社会现象 ,它影响着一定地区的人口总量、人口分布和人口结构。迁移人口的持续增长是现代经济发展的必然产物 ,社会经济发展水平越高 ,人口迁移量越大 ,反之 ,则越小。云南省人口省际迁移在数量、类型、原因、模式上有其特殊性 ,这些特殊性决定和影响着云南省人口的发展 ,针对这些特殊性提出的云南省人口控制对策 ,有利于把握云南省人口迁移的发展动向以及加快云南省人口城市化的进程 ,提高人口素质 ,控制人口数量。     

“触电”极为成功的当代小说作家——文化消费时代的刘震云及其《手机》

在最需要诚信的今天,缺失真诚、失信于人已成为国人无奈的日常话题,刘震云针对信息时代因为手机带来的信任危机和情感状态的困境,写出了迄今自认为最好的小说《手机》,实现了对自己文学创作的一种超越。作为《手机》的电影编剧,刘震云同时还根据文化消费市场的需要,先写电影剧本再写小说,并把小说与影片捆绑一起推向市场,作为一个“触电”极为成功的小说作家,实现了小说与电影、艺术与市场的双赢。