A mathematical model for decision-making in the classification of para-footballers with different severity of coordination impairments

Classification is a defining feature of Para-sport, and sports-specific classification systems determined through multidisciplinary scientific research are required, i.e., evidence-based and focused on the relationship between the impairment and the key performance determinants. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was applied as a classification tool using a directional distance function (DDF) model. The aim of the study was to test the DEA as a possible classification tool in cerebral palsy football. We analyse the performance of 56 international para-footballers with hypertonia, ataxia or athetosis, who completed a 20-test battery with DEA models. Five of the tests are included in the model (change of direction: Illinois agility test; jumping: standing broad jump, four bounds for distance, and triple hop with the non-dominant leg; 10-m sprint/acceleration; and ball dribbling, both in a straight line and following a trajectory), showing that players with less impairment exhibit the highest efficiency. This outcome suggests that DEA models might be feasible for detecting and discriminating the performance and magnitude of impairment in cerebral palsy football, with an objective ranking of the athletes in relation to different physical performance tests. This study also provides reference scores for decision-making during classification and guidance for further research in team Paralympic sports.     

脑瘫学生教育康复支持系统实践研究的现状、问题与发展趋势

随着脑瘫儿童入学率的不断攀升,对脑瘫学生教育康复问题的研究也日渐深入。本文通过对国内近十年关于脑瘫学生的研究成果的梳理,概括总结了目前学校所采用的脑瘫学生教育康复支持系统的四种实践运行模式,即学校＂独立＂式、学校-家庭＂协调＂式、学校—康复中心＂交替-合作＂式、学校—残联＂合作＂式;分析了我国脑瘫学生教育康复支持系统研究中存在的四大问题;提出＂多层级、跨部门（机构）、多学科、跨专业、跨行业间的生态支持系统＂将成为脑瘫学生未来教育康复支持系统的主要模式。     

Conductive education: appraising the evidence

Conductive education (CE) is widely reported as having a range of benefits. In the last two decades, it has expanded internationally. Educational psychologists may well encounter parents requesting this specialist intervention which is not normally offered within Local Authority special needs provision, for children with cerebral palsy and other motor difficulties. This paper reviews the empirical research to investigate the specific claims that CE improves motor skills, thinking skills and independence and the counter claim that it may cause harm. Implications for practice are discussed.     

特殊学校的教师对教育康复课程的看法——关于广州康复实验学校的个案研究

本文以广州康复实验学校为案例,对学校教育康复课程设置中教师的看法进行了实证性研究。研究的方法论基础是扎根理论。研究数据主要来源于对10位不同教龄、性别和专业背景的教师的深入访谈。研究表明,学校教师对学校教育课程的看法主要表现为以下3个方面:(1)康教结合;(2)潜能开发;(3)社会适应能力发展。文章对这3个主题分别进行了解析。     

A型肉毒毒素注射配合Vojta训练治疗痉挛型脑瘫患儿46例的临床观察

目的观察A型肉毒毒素(BTX-A)注射配合Vojta训练对痉挛型脑瘫患儿的治疗效果,并探讨对其运动功能及日常生活活动能力(ADL)的影响。方法将46例双下肢痉挛型脑瘫儿童随机分为观察组(采用BTX-A位点注射结合Vojta训练)和对照组(仅采用Vojta训练治疗)。观察两组患儿的双下肢痉挛与ADL改善情况。结果经过4个月和8个月治疗后分别比较,观察组患儿的双下肢痉挛、ADL改善情况明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论 BTX-A注射结合Vojta训练能显著提高患儿的运动功能和生活活动能力,是一种极为有效的治疗脑瘫患儿肢体痉挛的方法。     

特殊教育学校脑瘫学生康复模式研究——“学校、医院、社区与家庭四位一体的综合化康复模式”构建

本研究在前期调查与分析研究的基础上,以国家的政策和相关理论等为依据,结合国情,构建了以目标为导向,以学生为中心,以学校为主导,学校、医院、社区与家庭“四位一体”的综合化康复模式,并对学校、医院、社区与家庭在综合化康复模式中的角色、功能及有效运行进行了阐释.     

Theory of mind in children with severe speech and physical impairment (SSPI): a longitudinal study

Six children with cerebral palsy and severe speech impairment took part in a two‐phase longitudinal study of development of social cognition. The children ranged in age from 5 to 7 years old at data collection time 1 and from nine to 11 years old at data collection time 2. Using a model of normal development of Theory of Mind (ToM) suggested by Gopnik and Slaughter (1991), the children were tested on a number of tasks requiring (ToM). The findings suggest that the children with speech impairment follow a normal pattern of development, but with a severe delay compared with children without disability. The results are discussed in relation to problems in early social and communicative experience for the group of children with cerebral palsy and severe speech impairment.     

脑瘫儿童康复训练个案研究——共济失调型儿童的平衡、协调性训练

本研究在对一例共济失调型脑瘫儿童行为表现分析、诊断的基础上 ,设计了一个综合性的康复训练方案 ,对该儿童身体的平衡性、协调性进行了康复训练。实验结果表明 :将行为改变、感觉统合和动作教育等方法、技术整合起来对共济失调型脑瘫儿童进行教育康复是可行、有效、有价值的。     

Treatment of 140 cerebral palsied children with a combined method based on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and western medicine

Objective:To observe and evaluate a method that is effective and practical for treatment of cerebral palsied(CP)children in China.Method:The patient's age and disease type and individual specific conditions were considered in choosingtherapy methods accordingly:Chinese herbs,acupuncture,auricnlar seed pressure,point finger pressing,massage,orthopedichand manipulation,physiotherapy,occupational therapy,language therapy,etc.Meanwhile we created a new CP treatment modelthat combines hospitalized treatment with family therapy.Results:The majority of CP patients improved greatly in motor andsocial adaptation capacities after treatment.Wilcoxon paired rank sum test analysis showed that there were significant differencesbetween the data before and after treatment(P＜0.01).Conclusion:This combined therapy method,based on traditional Chinesemedicine and western medicine plus family supplemental therapy,is an effective and practical treatment strategy for CP children inChina.     

The Dohsa method

Abstract

The Dohsa method is an effective therapeutic method used for children with autism which was developed originally for children with cerebral palsy in Japan. In this article, the author introduces the theoretical background, therapeutic techniques, and effectiveness of this method. Finally, the necessity of the combination of this method with other therapeutic techniques is discussed.