协同搜索过程中用户交流内容与模式研究

[目的/意义]旨在分析协同搜索用户在信息搜索任务过程中的交流内容与模式,从而理解协同搜索用户的关注重点与搜索过程。[研究设计/方法]基于书籍交互检索平台(CLEF-Social Book Search)设计实验,共招募18名被试完成两种搜索任务,通过录音记录对话并对其进行编码和分析,总结交流内容特征和模式。结合任务类型、认知类型组合、服务器记录的搜索交互行为日志以及问卷收集的搜索体验进行了探索分析。[结论/发现]从交流内容上看,协同搜索用户主要理解与评判书目信息、商讨搜索任务计划;比起认知类型不同的用户,相同认知类型的用户在操作交互方面交流更多,在评判决策方面交流较少。交流模式依据讨论内容比重可分为理解评判型、评判主导型、均衡交流型三种,评判主导型用户的任务完成满意度最高。[创新/价值]协同搜索用户的交流反映出搜索过程中需要与同伴商讨协同的焦点,也是需要系统提供协助的重点,给协同搜索系统设计提供一定参考。本研究针对协同搜索的交流内容设计的编码系统对相关的协同交流研究也有借鉴意义。     

我国艺术体操集体项目与25届世锦赛前6名在完成得分中的差距和分析--2002年联通杯全国艺术体操锦标赛调研

集体项目是我国艺术体操参加世界比赛的重点项目，对25届世锦赛及2002年中国联通杯艺术体操比赛中集体项目前6名完成得分的有关数据做分析，结果表明：我国各集体队柔韧身体技术动作的完成质量较好，但现阶段我国各集体队的完成得分与世界先进水平仍有一定差距，具体表现为：因全套动作容量偏少，致使成套动作速度偏慢，动作力度不足；因跳步与转体技术不足而造成扣分次数较多；平衡技术不稳定；因带器械的技术和图形不好，造成扣分现象较严重；因运用器械能力不足，造成器械技术硬伤失误扣分较多。这说明我国集体项目运动员在某些身体技术和器械技术的训练上、规格上与世界先进水平存在一定的差距.     

中国女篮现状及展望

对第14届世锦赛中国女篮参加的全部比赛的技术统计资料进行对比研究,分析中国女篮的进步原因、现状及差距,并提出改进提高之建议。     

难以跨越的数字鸿沟——发展中国家的因特网

作者认为 ,信息沟不仅是经济和技术的鸿沟 ,也是经济制度和政治制度的鸿沟。对于发展中国家 ,因特网是一种引进的技术和商业模式。因特网在发展中国家的成长将是一个本土化的过程 ,发展中国家一定会做出自己的选择。     

Role Development in the Managed Care Era: A Case of Hospital-Based Nursing

Managed care poses numerous opportunities and challenges for today's health care organizations and their employees. This article investigates the ways that hospital nurses develop and make sense of their professional roles and organizational environments in a changing and often uncertain managed care setting. The case study approach used in this research combined qualitative methodologies to gain a rich, detailed, and contextual understanding of nurses' work roles and organizational experiences. After an analysis of interviews with 24 nurses and observations of nurses' communicative activities on one inpatient unit, the complexity of sensemaking and role development in a managed care environment is considered. Conclusions are then drawn regarding the theoretical and pragmatic implications of nurses' communicative processes, as they attempted to develop and understand their roles in a changing organizational context.     

浅谈大学英语学习中文化沟壑的跨越

本文主要讨论非英语专业的大学生在英语学习中如何跨越文化沟壑,文中谈到文化教学的主要内容,并提出了帮助学生深入了解其他新文化有效方法和途径。     

第28届奥运会中国男子体操的优势与不足

采用录像统计法、访问法和文献资料法,系统分析了中国男子体操的优势与不足:中国体操总体实力下滑,难度编排与日、美相当,但缺乏新意;而优势项目失误、弱项扣分太多、强项积分不够高及小将心理素质不过硬等因素,是中国男团雅典失利的主要原因;强化强项技术细节、完善弱项难度及技术完成规格等,是中国男子体操发展的方向。     

体育教学中师生交往的研究

本文从体育教师本身、体育教学模式和体育考核模式中分析了当前体育教学中师生交往中所存在的问题 ;从体育教师观念转变、体育教学模式的改变和改革体育考核方法几个方面提出相应的对策。     

Chaos theory, informational needs, and natural disasters

This study applies chaos theory to a system-wide analysis of crisis communication in a natural disaster. Specifically, we analyze crisis communication during the 1997 Red River Valley flood in Minnesota and North Dakota. This flood, among the worst in modern American history, consumed entire metropolitan areas, displacing thousands of people. The conditions and decisions leading to the disaster, and the subsequent reactions are retraced. Communication related to river crest predictions (fractals), the shock at the magnitude of the crisis (cosmology episode), novel forms of reorganizing (self-organization), and agencies that aided in establishing a renewed order (strange attractors) are evaluated. Ultimately, we argue that preexisting sensemaking structures favoring rationalized, traditional views of a complex system led officials to make inappropriately unequivocal predictions and ultimately diminished the effectiveness of the region's crisis communication and planning.     

"The policy exists but you can't really use it": communication and the structuration of work-family policies

Although work-family benefits are increasingly important organizational policies, limited research addresses the impact of communication on benefit utilization. However, communication is significant because the perceived appropriateness of work-family benefits emerges through interaction. For example, when coworkers complain about "picking up the slack" for those using family leave, their discourse may impact future decisions of other workers regarding whether they utilize the work-family benefits available to them. We apply Giddens' (1984) Structuration Theory to examine organizational members' discursive responses to conditions (and contradictions) present in utilizing work-family benefits in a governmental organization. We argue the daily discursive practices of individuals can either reinforce or undermine formally stated work-family initiatives, and in turn discuss the implications of this "structuration" of policy.