以"能力为本位"的BTEC人才培养模式探析

BTEC是国际性权威教育机构英国Edexcel(爱德思 )国家学历即职业资格考试委员会目前积极推介的创新人才培养模式。它把学生掌握通用能力和专业能力作为人才培养的目标 ,在教学过程中重视学生的学习能力、实践能力和外语能力的培养 ,以课业代替传统的考试方法 ,培养的人才普遍受到国际上雇主的欢迎。本文希望通过对BTEC人才培养模式的探析 ,对我国高等职业技术教育改革有所启示 ,有所裨益     

基于能力本位的《计算机基础》教学改革

在计算机基础课程中引进能力本位教学理念,明确教学目标,采用＂教、学、练、考＂一体化的教学模式,采取案例式教学方法,改革课程考核方式,有效提高本课程的教学效果。     

基于“能力本位”的职业院校体育教学改革探讨

文章从职业院校学生未来职业需要出发,探讨改革职业院校原有体育教学模式,以"能力本位"的教育理念为突破口,拓宽职业院校体育教材内容空间、课堂内容密切与专业培养目标相联系,开设更能够适应学生未来职业发展需要的专业岗位的体育教学新模式。     

Transition from high school to higher education and work in Korea, from the competency-based education perspective

We examined how much Korean high school education helps students to build up the competencies needed for their college education and the world of work. We surveyed 227 high school graduates. They particularly emphasized communication skills, a cooperative attitude, computer skills, making friends and maintaining friendships, adaptability, self-directed learning and creative problem solving skills for their future life. However, they think high school education generally does not help students to build up the needed skills. In fact, they want more extracurricular activities, laboratory classes, practical training, career guidance, and diverse pedagogies than are currently given.     

Competence-based teacher education: Illusion or reality? An assessment of the implementation status in Flanders from teachers’ and students’ points of view

Since 1998, the Flanders’ educational government in Belgium has been urging teacher education institutions by decree to implement competences in teacher training programs. Since then, years have gone by, and institutions have acted in order to achieve the competence-based goals. However, have they succeeded in implementing them? This is the research question that is central to the current study. An online survey inquiry was set up in eight elementary teacher education institutions using two questionnaires; one for final year elementary institution pre-service teachers, who were about to graduate at the time of completing the questionnaire (N = 218), the other for teacher trainers throughout the elementary teacher training program (N = 51). Ten years after the decree was issued, results show that competence-based education has become a reality in terms of its implementation. However, the process has not yet come to an end. Whereas some competences are clearly present in the institutions’ policies and practices (e.g. teacher as guide to learning and development, teacher as subject expert), others are poorly represented (e.g. teacher as partner of parents, external parties and as a member of the educational community). Moreover, teacher trainers tend to take four different approaches to the implementation of competences (1) during internship, (2) through the institution’s policy and program planning, (3) by means of their integration in both theoretical and practical components of the curriculum and finally, (4) a lack of implementation because the competences are considered insufficiently applicable by the teacher trainers. In particular, more experienced and subject expert teacher trainers tend to adopt the final approach more often than do younger colleagues and pedagogues. Student teachers’ results, on the other hand, suggest important differences between institutions concerning their understanding of competences and the integration of these competences in the curriculum; suggesting different paces of adaptation between teacher education institutions. Moreover, even within schools, the trajectory towards implementation is not always clear for all members of the teaching team, nor for the students of most teacher education institutions. Consequently, there is still important work to be done in order for successful competence-based change to occur.     

The influence of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial behavior among K-12 teachers

This study aimed to: (1) assess the unique contributions of self-efficacy to entrepreneurial behavior among teachers; (2) identify the best instrument(s) to measure such contributions by testing a domain-specific instrument (teacher self-efficacy) vs. a general (occupational self-efficacy) one; (3) identify the demographic characteristics associated with entrepreneurial behavior. A sample of 401 teachers from across the USA completed the online survey. The findings indicated that self-efficacy predicts entrepreneurial behavior and that occupational self-efficacy is a slightly better predictor of entrepreneurial behavior than teacher self-efficacy. The results also identified age and education as the demographic characteristics associated with entrepreneurial behavior.     

中国广播电视大学与美国西部州长大学的比较研究

本文对美国西部州长大学和中国广播电视大学近几年的办学情况进行比较研究,主要目的推进中国广播电视大学教学改革的深化,使中国广播电视大学应用型人才培养目标和实施不断适应社会和个人的发展需要,希望在提高综合能力培养方面有新的突破性和进展。西部州长大学强调能力为本的教育,在学习评价和学习指导方面有可借鉴的内容,愿意和同仁共享和互勉。     

Dimensionality of teacher judgments on a competency-based report card in elementary school

Developments concerning report cards have led to a potential shift from reporting traditional grades to reporting multiple competencies within and across subjects. In this study, we analyzed the dimensional structure of the teacher judgments on a competency-based report card on fourth-grade elementary school students (N = 469). With a methodologically innovative approach of combining exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), we found one learning-oriented and one social-oriented generic subject-unspecific factor of competency judgments and single factors for each included subject. All subject factors showed relatively high correlations with the respective traditional grades. Second-order commonalities further indicated a general factor represented almost perfectly by the learning-oriented generic judgments. Our analyses generally justified the use of competency-based report cards in terms of the dimensional structure and the association with traditional grades. Further, generic subject-unspecific competency judgments contribute to disentangling the multidimensionality of teacher judgments.     

从技能训练走向全人发展——美国绩效标准本位教师教育课程改革分析

在教师教育标准作为教师教育改革和保障教师教育质量的一个基本前提下,受到认知主义、建构主义学习理论和课堂评价的影响,美国推进了绩效标准本位教师教育课程的改革,改变过去过于注重技能训练的标准,从教师观、教学观、教学知识基础观和评价观上提出了新的标准,以期把教师培养成为一位专业的智力工作者,形成基于情境以学生为中心的教学观,让教师掌握多向度的、综合性的教学知识,注重教学整体质量的评价,促使高素质教师发展。这一改革构建了教学专业化的复杂性的理念,教师教育课程改革呈现出从技能训练走向综合发展、对个体和个体知识关怀的实践取向的全人发展观趋势,为优化我国教师教育课程改革提供了启示。     

How the learning context affects adolescents’ goal orientation,effort, and learning strategies

Abstract

Research has shown that there are positive associations between students' goals and learning behavior. However, less is known about these associations for adolescent students in competency-based learning compared to adolescent students in teacher-directed learning. The current study was conceptualized with the aim of getting more in-depth information about competency-based learning with a competency matrix based on trait-based scales for students' self-assessment vs. teacher-directed learning. The sample consists of 846 (M_age?=?14.06; SD?=?0.94) middle adolescent students (8^th-9^th grades) from secondary schools in Germany. By using latent mean comparison and multigroup structural equation modelling in Mplus, it could be shown that the association between mastery goals and learning behavior is stronger in competency-based learning and performance-approach goals have a positive effect to effort investment. Furthermore, students of competency-based learning report higher values in mastery goals, effort investment and elaboration.