Production of green surfactants: Market prospects

Science has greatly contributed to the advancement of technology and to the innovation of production processes and their applications. Cleaning products have become indispensable in today’s world, as personal and environmental hygiene is important to all societies worldwide. Such products are used in the home, in most work environments and in the industrial sectors. Most of the detergents on the market are synthesised from petrochemical products. However, the interest in reducing the use of products harmful to human health and the environment has led to the search for detergents formulated with natural, biodegradable surfactant components of biological (plant or microbiological) origin or chemically synthesised from natural raw materials usually referred to as green surfactants. This review addresses the different types, properties, and uses of surfactants, with a focus on green surfactants, and describes the current scenario as well as the projections for the future market economy related to the production of the different types of green surfactants marketed in the world.How to cite: Farias CBB, Almeida FCG, Silva IA, et al. Production of green surfactants: Market prospects. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.02.002     

深网信息资源采集初探

深网信息资源采集是当前业界普遍关注的热点之一。本文首先介绍了深网概念，然后详细分析了影响深网信息资源采集的因素，并在总结国内外相关研究与实践的基础上，提出深网信息资源采集策略与思考。     

美国深网实践工作研究

论文介绍了深网的原理，分析了美国BrightPlanet公司和Yahoo公司在深网实践工作中所取得的成果。     

扩号借号法的3处新例证

论文对《中图法》第4版中新发现的3处扩号借号法例证，从类级分析、并非特殊八分法类号辨析、并非加“0”类号辨析和并非下借法类号辨析等方面进行了论证。     

西部大开发与非公有制经济领域的统战工作

西部大开发离不开国家的支持 ,但也不能全靠国家投资。非公有制经济作为我国经济成分的一个重要组成部分 ,在整个国民经济中起着越来越明显的作用。如何启动民间资本 ,发展各种形式的非公有制经济 ,是西部大开发的一个重要问题 ,也是统战部门利用时机 ,进一步做好非公有制经济代表人士工作的又一个任务     

浅谈土钉墙的内部整体稳定性

本文对《建筑基坑支护技术规程》(JGJ120-99)和《基坑土钉支护技术规程》(CECS96:97)中有关土钉支护设计的计算方法,从土钉墙的内部整体稳定性分析这一个方面进行分析和比较,并给出了这两种规程的相对安全水平。     

以色列的中介学习经验理论及其应用

二战后,为满足以色列儿童心理成长和能力促进的实际需要,以弗厄斯坦为代表的以色列教育学家和认知心理学家提出了中介学习经验理论并将之应用于教育实践。该理论从教授者与学习者间交互作用的视角看待学习者的认知发展与学习,主张个体的认知结构是一个开放的系统,教授者在中介学习过程中可采用多种有益的中介策略指导和训练儿童,以促进他们认知能力的提高和认知结构的改善,并推动其学习潜能的实现。该理论的实践应用包括:1)构建学习潜能评估工具,用它评价个体认知能力的改变,诊断个体的认知缺陷;2)设立工具强化程序并施之于教学中以巩固儿童已改变的认知结构。中介学习经验理论对于在测评和教学中动态把握和促进巩固儿童的潜能发展具有重要意义。     

I explain,therefore I learn: Improving students’ assessment literacy and deep learning by teaching

Partnership in higher education emphasises an active role for students in both teaching and learning. This pedagogical culture is likely to make students assessment literate and engage them in deep learning. In this study, Iranian students experiencing learning-by-teaching (LbT) in private language institutes were interviewed to compare their perceptions toward assessment and learning with their counterparts without this experience. Findings show that LbT fosters students’ assessment literacy and deep learning. Results also reveal that by teaching other students, quasi-teachers promote a broader understanding of assessment and grade practices in comparison to other students. Unlike their counterparts, quasi-teachers de-emphasised grades and showed a greater focus on learning. Moreover, explaining the materials to other students provided them with a deeper cognitive process resulting in deeper learning. These results underscore the perceived importance of partnership in higher education.     

Social media opinion summarization using emotion cognition and convolutional neural networks

Quickly and accurately summarizing representative opinions is a key step for assessing microblog sentiments. The Ortony-Clore-Collins (OCC) model of emotion can offer a rule-based emotion export mechanism. In this paper, we propose an OCC model and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based opinion summarization method for Chinese microblogging systems. We test the proposed method using real world microblog data. We then compare the accuracy of manual sentiment annotation to the accuracy using our OCC-based sentiment classification rule library. Experimental results from analyzing three real-world microblog datasets demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed method. Our study highlights the potential of combining emotion cognition with deep learning in sentiment analysis of social media data.     

基于SOM网络聚类的数据清洗技术

在数据装入数据仓库之前,应该对数据进行数据清洗.而数据清洗的核心工作就是清洗近似重复记录.聚类是将相似度高的数据对象聚集到一个类中,于是我们提出将该技术用于近似重复记录的发现上.本文主要介绍如何将SOM网络聚类强大的学习功能及良好的自组织性、自适应性和鲁棒性应用到数据清洗中。