The catcher in the lie: The role of emotions and epistemic judgments in changing students’ misconceptions and attitudes in a post-truth era

We extend previous theoretical and empirical work by examining the role that emotions and epistemic judgments play when learning from different refutation plus persuasive and expository plus persuasive texts. We examined how variations in messages designed to change misconceptions and attitudes about genetically modified foods (GMFs) might differentially impact the extent to which individuals engage in epistemic judgments; the emotions individuals experience during learning; and, how epistemic judgments and emotions might facilitate or constrain conceptual and attitudinal change. One hundred twenty-five undergraduate university students were randomly assigned to one of four text conditions: refutation plus positive persuasive text, refutation plus negative persuasive text, expository plus positive persuasive text, or expository plus negative persuasive text. Students were asked to think and emote out loud during learning to capture epistemic judgments and emotions as they occurred in real time. After the learning session, students also self-reported the emotions they experienced during learning. Results revealed that students who were given positive persuasive texts experienced more positive emotions (both intensity and frequency) during learning, whereas those who were given negative persuasive texts experienced more negative emotions (frequency) during learning. Students who were given positive persuasive texts engaged in more epistemic judgments and changed more misconceptions about GMFs compared to students in the other three text conditions. Finally, epistemic judgments were significant positive predictors of conceptual and attitudinal change, and both positive emotions and negative emotions predicted attitudinal change. Implications for theories of conceptual and attitudinal change are discussed.     

Dealing with disagreement: The roles of topic familiarity and disagreement explanation in evaluation of conflicting expert claims and sources

Learners may increasingly encounter conflicting expert reports. However, little is known about how they deal with this challenge. We examined how learners' familiarity with a controversial historical topic affects their epistemic judgments of conflicting expert claims and sources, the interplay of their claim and source evaluation strategies, and their meta-epistemic understanding of the legitimacy of the disagreement (absolutist, multiplist, and evaluativist perspectives). In two studies, topic familiarity increased agreement with belief-consistent expert claims and the perceived trustworthiness of the expert who presented these claims. Topic familiarity also impacted the coordination of evaluation strategies and led to greater reliance on knowledge-based validation. However, topic familiarity did not affect meta-epistemic understanding of the legitimacy of the controversy. In the second study, reading an explanation about reasons for disagreements between historians resulted in higher evaluativism. Teaching about expert disagreement may be a productive approach for promoting appreciation of the diversity of knowledge.     

中文信息处理中的语义关系表示探析

根据目前中文信息处理的现状对自然语言在句法结构与语义结合方面的需求，对美国加州大学伯克利分校构建的框架网络工程进行探索与研究，详细分析框架网络数据库中最重要的框架关系，并利用这些关系将词汇进行联系形成网状数据库，目的在于利用词与词间的关系进行信息抽取或信息检索时，能够方便准确地进行信息处理并得到理想结果。     

Managing physical education lessons: an interactional approach

Physical education (PE) lessons involve complex and dynamic interactive sequences between students, equipment and teacher. The potential for unexpected and/or unintended events is relatively large, a point reflected in an increasing amount of scholarship dealing with classroom management (CM). This scholarship further suggests that unexpected and disruptive events negatively impact on learning and can have deleterious effects on teacher health. Despite considerable potential for these kinds of events, many PE lessons occur in structured, organized ways. The broad purpose of this paper is to consider how classroom action becomes ordered in PE contexts. To this end, an interactional approach is put forward including the specific analytic concepts of directives, epistemic authority and deontic authority. To exemplify the approach, the micro-dynamics of a situation in which a group of students are building a human pyramid is examined. The examination draws attention to: how the teacher engages in a series of interactions with the students to move the sequence forward; how the students themselves achieve order through their interactions with one another; and how the characteristics of the activity help to organize the students' behaviors and limit possibilities for action. The discussion is located against a backdrop of current CM scholarship. Reference is also made to two aspects of social context: the increasing prominence of managerial discourse in educational arenas and the significance of student-centeredness in pedagogical theory. Both aspects appear to influence how order can be achieved in PE today. The analysis raises issues related to pedagogy, management and authority which are addressed in the final two sections of the paper.     

用Authorware5.0开发课件遇到的几个技术难题和解决办法

用Authorware研制CAI软件 ,会遇到一些诸如跳转和图形放大等技术难题 ,该文就涉及到的问题 ,提出了解决方法     

非惯性系中的伯努利方程

以绕竖直轴匀速转动乐和绕竖直轴匀速转动并沿轴向匀加速系为例,在非惯性系中推导出理想流体沿径向的伯努利方程,并给出应用例。所得结果对于解决生活中常见的流体动力学问题有一定实际意义。     

析星型拓扑设计组建校园局域网

文章介绍了星型拓扑结构的组网,讨论星型拓扑结构设计组建校园的解决方案,为师生提供教育教学,实现资源共享和信息交流了,并能通过广域网实现校园内外和国内外的教育资源共享与交流。     

BHP:孤独症患者观点采择训练新方法

观点采择是个体社交能力的基础.关系框架理论RFT认为观点采择是一种操作性行为,其核心是包含人际、空间及时间三个维度的直证关系反应.基于RFT的评估和训练方案BHP采用多范例的方式来训练直证关系反应,从而促进观点采择.采用BHP方案训练孤独症儿童观点采择的多项研究发现,该方案能有效提升被试的观点采择能力,并有较好的维持和...     

The Story of Two Big Chimneys: A Frame Analysis of Climate Change in US and Chinese Newspapers

Despite mounting research on how the news media portrayed climate change in developed countries, disproportionately little attention was paid to one of the top greenhouse gas emitters in the world—China. This study systematically examined and compared how the US and Chinese newspapers portrayed climate change. An analytical framework, grounded in framing research traditions, took into account both theoretical and practical challenges in frame analysis by creating a hybrid structure of interlocked generic and issue-specific frames. The results showed both convergent and divergent pictures from the two countries’ newspapers shaped distinctly by the sociopolitical realities in both countries. The research also cautioned against making simplistic explanations of the results and offered culturally informed interpretations. A discussion on better research focus and design was offered for future research in this avenue.     

综评和兆元创“代理架”和式太极拳“理”之内涵

“代理架”是一代大师和兆元对太极拳的独到诠释,简单明了的三个字,道出了和式太极拳是以理说拳、以拳明理、理技相合、理养结合的理论内涵,一个“理”字表达了和式太极拳的哲学思维,理是什么,理就是太极拳的道理、原理,理就是太极、阴阳、动静,这是万物之理。文章通过对和式太极拳代理架的“理”的分析、探讨,以更深刻地了解代理架“理”之内涵,认识和式太极拳在太极拳发展过程中有着重要的理论贡献,这也是一代大师和兆元对太极拳发展不可抹杀的贡献。