纳米ZnO粉体的制备及其微结构

通过溶胶-凝胶法合成了纳米ZnO粉体,并对所制得ZnO粉体在不同温度下进行了热处理,应用X射线衍射(XRD)对热处理后的样品进行了相表征,用红外吸收光谱(FT-IR)对不同热处理温度下的样品进行了结构分析,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)对热处理后的样品进行了形貌表征,XRD谱表明,在300℃热处理下的ZnO粉体已经成相并具有良好的结晶状态,根据Scherrer公式计算的ZnO晶粒尺寸与由TEM估算ZnO颗粒的晶粒尺寸基本保持一致,ZnO颗粒的晶粒尺寸随着热处理温度的提高而增大。     

ATR-FTIR imaging of albumen photographic prints

The preservation of early 20th century, late 19th century albumen prints is of great concern to collection managers and conservators of photographic materials. Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopic imaging is presented for the first time as analytical methodology for the study of albumen photographs. This paper shows the feasibility of obtaining FTIR images of samples from albumen photographs with a high spatial resolution using a Ge ATR objective coupled with an infrared microscope. The improved spatial resolution compared to FTIR images obtained by the reflection method is due to the high refractive index of the ATR crystal, which gives a high numerical aperture and hence, a higher spatial resolution. The technique reveals detailed information on the organic functional group distribution in the individual layers of embedded cross sections and is used complementary to visual microscopy and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersed X-ray spectroscopy. The main results of the study are discussed with regard to their historical and artistic significance, and they are compared with data from historical and conservation literature.     

基于密度泛函理论的ANB分子简正振动分析

采用密度泛函方法B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)计算了5-氨基-2-硝基苯甲酸分子(ANB)的平衡构型以及振动频率,在定义内坐标、对称坐标的基础上计算了振动频率在各力常数上的势能分布百分比,从而完成分子简正频率的归属指认.     

天然沸石红外光谱X粉末衍射及扫描电镜分析

本文用X衍射粉末衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜、X射线电子能谱(SEM/EDS)对天然沸石进行了表征。沸石的红外光谱主要由吸收的水份、沸石的骨架振动及Si-O或Al-O的振动引起。沸石表面粗糙,XRD分析表明该沸石属斜发沸石,EDS分析说明沸石主要由硅、铝、氧及钾等元素组成。     

The funerary klinai of tomb 1 from Amphipolis and a sarcophagus from ancient Tragilos, eastern Macedonia: a physico-chemical investigation on the painting materials

Optical and SEM-EDS microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and micro FT-IR spectroscopy investigations of the funerary klinai (couches) of Tomb 1 from Amphipolis and a stone sarcophagus from ancient Tragilos—two painted monuments made by Macedonian craftsmen of the Early Hellenistic period—identified the original materials and painting technique, as well as synthetic materials used as consolidants during past restoration treatments. The original organic binders and the superficial modern coatings have been identified by micro FT-IR spectroscopy applied directly to the sampled powders or tiny fragments and to their solvent—soluble fractions. The pigments identified on the couch of Amphipolis are: red and yellow ochre, cinnabar, Madder lake, paratacamite and antlerite, carbon black, calcium carbonate, kaolin and gypsum. The identification of egg and animal glue confirms the application of tempera and secco techniques. The detection of polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane, polyvinyl acetate and alkyd resins, is related to modern restoration products. The pigments attested on the paintings of the Tragilos' sarcophagus are: red and yellow ochre, Egyptian blue, malachite, carbon black, calcium carbonate and gypsum. The absence of organic binders combined with the constant presence of calcium carbonate in all the examined samples suggests the use of lime as the binding medium in the painted decoration of the sarcophagus. The presence of Paraloid B72 is related to recent conservation treatments.     

雷竹叶叶绿素锌钠的制备及其光谱分析

以竹叶粉为原料用醚溶剂从中浸提得到鲜绿色的叶绿素溶液,叶绿素溶液经蒸发浓缩回收溶剂,可得糊状叶绿素液,该液经皂化、萃取、酸化及置锌可得难溶于水的叶绿素衍生物——叶绿素锌酸。纯化后与氢氧化钠溶液反应即制得水溶性的叶绿素锌钠盐。光谱结果表明,叶绿素及其衍生物的制备与测试方案的工艺流程合理,实验现象明显。结果可制备叶绿素锌钠并联合制备其余竹叶产品。     

采用新萃取方法的PP-b-PE的研究

采用独特的二次溶解和沉淀的萃取方法,将PP b PE中的不可溶物与可溶物分离,并通过1 3C NMR,DSC,FT IR进行结构与性能的研究     

红外光谱法定性分析壳聚糖脱乙酰化度的大小

该文通过对壳聚糖红外光谱测试结果的分析,比较氨基和乙酰基对远红外光吸收的强弱,论证了红外光谱特征峰的强度可定性地说明壳聚糖脱乙酰化度的大小。     

Use of Spanish broom (Spartium junceum L.) canvas as a painting support: Evaluation of the effects of environmental conditions

One of the problems in the field of cultural heritage is the degradation of artworks and especially paintings. They appear very sensitive to environmental conditions. In this work, Spanish broom canvas is proposed as a novel painting support. In order to assess the deterioration properties of this new type of canvas, three degradation processes (exposure to wet atmosphere, to acidic attack and to UV light) were simulated and investigated. The deterioration state of the samples was monitored with Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The structure of the canvas was also analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). These techniques were successfully applied to study the occurrence significant changes of samples. The exposure to acidic and UV attack produced deep changes on the samples (only on the canvas surface in the case of UV light), while no significant effect was identified on the sample after the exposure to wet atmosphere. The results obtained from Spanish broom canvas are reported in comparison to flax canvas.     

联合法提取雷竹叶多糖及其红外光谱的研究

设计了联合提取雷竹叶多糖的新工艺,得到了对应的提取物多糖。经红外光谱的测定后,进行拟合和差谱分析,确认并鉴定了提取物的品质,反映了工艺设计和实验方法的合理性。