浅谈波普尔科学的证伪及其意义

本文旨在通过对波普尔所提出的证伪模式的科学论证方法进行分析,力求使读者了解科学理论产生方法的演变过程。之所以要单独对证伪模式看成一个独立的研究对象,主要是这样的一个方法模式产生了后来新的科学研究思维,同时也使科学理论有了突飞猛进的发展,可以说这种方法是后来科学理论发展的一个重要基石。     

The double-edged effects of data privacy practices on customer responses

Requesting personal information in frontline service encounters raises privacy concerns among customers. The proximity contact tracing that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic provides an intriguing context of information requests. Hospitality venues required contact tracing details from customers, and customer cooperation varied with concerns about privacy. Drawing on gossip theory, we investigate the roles of businesses’ data privacy practices and government support in driving customers’ responses to contact tracing. Our findings show that perceived transparency of a business’s privacy practices has a positive effect on customers’ commitment to the business, while perceived control exerts a negative effect on commitment. These effects are mediated by customers’ information falsification rather than disclosure, because the former is a sensitive behavioral indicator of privacy concerns. The results also reveal the moderating roles of government support. This research contributes to the customer data privacy literature by demonstrating the distinct effects of perceived transparency and control on commitment and revealing the underlying mechanism. Moreover, the research extends the conceptual understanding of privacy practices from online contexts to face-to-face contexts of frontline service. The findings offer implications for the management of customer data privacy.     

试论新闻报道中的“证伪”

本文借助逻辑学中“证伪”理论分析新闻报道中的问题。文章认为,新闻报道不是“证实”的艺术,而是“发现”的艺术。记者应为报道对象规定“可证伪性;”“证伪”只是一种手段,它的最终目的,是尽可能地追求新闻的真实。     

由"证实原则"到"证伪原则" --兼论波普对逻辑实证主义意义标准的批判

"证实原则"是逻辑实证主义的基本理论支柱.按照"证实原则",一个命题在理论上是否有意义,要看它能否在经验中得到证实.逻辑实证主义的这一原则遭到了后来各流派、尤其是被称为"批判理性主义者"的波普的批判.波普在对"证实原则"批判的同时,针锋相对地提出了自己的"证伪原则"."证伪原则"是对"证实原则"的扬弃,但我们不能片面地肯定一个而否定另一个.