能本管理:高校图书馆建设新动向

从“馆员为本”角度论述了高校图书馆实行“能本管理”的必要性,并从馆长素养、馆员知识结构、核心价值观及馆员队伍四个方面,就如何实现“能本管理”提出了作者的见解。     

课件制作中插接Flash动画的方法

利用ActiveX控件或包以及启动程序/打开文档等工具,可以在PowerPoint、方正奥思、 Authorware中插接Flash动画.实践证明这些插接Flash动画的方法是切实可行的.     

美国《开端计划执行标准》评介

美国开端计划是由美国联邦政府制订并推行的一项主要针对处境不利学前儿童及其家庭的国家行动计划,作为扩大教育机会、保障教育公平的重要手段,为保证并促进其实施与质量,联邦政府自计划实施之初就为它制订了一套执行标准,并不断根据现实发展的需要对其进行修订.开端计划执行标准对开端计划涵盖的七种服务都作了详细具体的规定,其文本由标准概要、服务规划、社会服务标准、儿童健康和发展服务标准、个人教育项目服务标准、营养服务标准、家长参与服务标准、合作服务项目标准八大部分组成,并提供了多种运作方式供地方获权机构与授权办事处根据自身情况灵活选择与运用.此外,执行标准还强调组成包括政策理事会、政策委员会和家长委员会在内的开端计划治理机构,以加强对开端计划执行过程的监督与对其实施效果的监测和反馈,从而保证为处境不利儿童及其家庭提供高质量的多方面服务.     

关注贫困家庭学龄前儿童的美国艺术博物馆课程及其启示——以克拉克艺术博物馆艺术开端课程为例

美国克拉克艺术博物馆在全美“开端计划”基础上,结合艺术博物馆的公共教育资源策划和实施了面向贫困家庭学龄前儿童的艺术开端课程,这种发生在艺术博物馆里的正式幼儿教育课程对我国正在蓬勃兴起和发展的美术馆教育有重要的启发意义。通过研究艺术开端课程的策划与实施,可以针对国内美术馆幼儿教育现状提出从普遍性到针对性的幼儿群体课程开发、美术馆幼儿课程评价体系建立等一系列馆园合作方式与建议,以改变目前美术馆零散性亲子活动为主的现状,并能构建与幼儿园更好衔接的馆园合作课程。     

Transmission of vibration from a vibrating plate to the head of standing people

Little is known about the transmission of vibration to the head when using whole-body vibration (WBV) training machines. This paper investigates the effect of frequency and posture on the transmission of vibration from a vibrating plate to the head of standing people. Nine male participants were exposed to vertical vibration at nine frequencies in the range of 17–46 Hz and vibration acceleration in the range of 7.85–18.64 m/s² (peak). The participants adopted four standing postures described as standing with locked knee (LK), bent knee (BK), one leg (OL), and one foot to the front and the other to the back (FB). The transmissibility to the head differed among postures (t-test, p < 0.05) and was greatest with the FB posture and smallest with the BK posture. The transmissibility to the head decreased with increasing the frequency (t-test, p < 0.05) but the extent of the decrease depended on the adopted posture. This frequency-posture interaction effect on the transmissibility should be considered when designing a training program. The data will be useful for developing standards/protocols that govern the use of WBV machines as well as for building human body models that can predict potential risks arising from using WBV machines.     

中外优秀男子跳远运动员起跳效果差异致因的研究

通过中外优秀男跳远运动员起跳技术特征的对比分析,对导致中外运动员起跳效果差异的原因进行了探讨。我国运动员起跳支撑缓冲能力差、起蹬时机晚、摆动速度小是主要致因。     

残疾人短跑运动员起跑特殊性研究

采用文献资料法、观察法和调查访问等方法对残疾人运动员在短跑起跑中的特殊性进行了深入的分析研究。认为现行短跑起跑规则和发令操作方式对部分残疾组别的运动员存在不公平现象。进而提出规则的制定应符合残疾人身体特点、提高裁判工作特殊技能、为聋人组T60级设计较科学的起跑发令装置等建议。     

军事技能“冷启动”式训练理念初探

顺应当前军事斗争形势下军事技能训练贴近实战的总体要求,提出了军事技能"冷启动"模式的训练理念,就"冷启动"式训练理念的基本含义及必要性、现实意义和训练方法进行了重点探索,目的是为军事技能实战化训练提供可探索的空间,丰富实战化训练的手段方法,从而提高部队实战化训练水平。     

美国“开端计划”的发展及其经验

美国的开端计划从上世纪60年代实施以来,使帮助贫困儿童享受学前教育发展成为全社会的项目,为消除贫穷,实现社会公平做出了重大贡献。其经验有：以社会分层和儿童人格发展理论为理论依据,教育公平为价值取向,以国家为责任主体,以普惠性幼教组织为路径。     

Head injury secondary to suspected child maltreatment: results of a prospective Canadian national surveillance program

Objective

We sought to determine the incidence, clinical features, and demographic profile of head injury secondary to suspected child maltreatment (abuse or neglect) in Canada to help inform the development and evaluation of prevention programs for abusive head injuries.

Methods

From March 1, 2005 to February 28, 2008, an average of 2,545 paediatricians and paediatric subspecialists were surveyed monthly through the established network of the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program. We calculated incidence rates using the number of confirmed cases over the product of the duration of the study (3 years) and population estimates by age group.

Results

There were 220 confirmed cases of head injury from suspected child maltreatment. The annual incidence rate was 14.1 per 100,000 for children less than 1 year of age and 1.4 per 100,000 for those less than 15 years. Seventy three percent (141) of cases involved infants less than 12 months of age and 52% (100) of cases involved infants less than 6 months of age. Seventy-five percent (165) of cases presented to the emergency room. With regard to outcome, 12% (27) of cases resulted in death and 45% (75) of survivors had neurological sequelae at discharge. Thirty percent (67) of all cases, as well as 30% (8) of deaths were previously known to child welfare authorities.

Conclusion

This study provides an estimate of the rate of head injury secondary to suspected child maltreatment in Canada. The young age and poor medical outcomes of those involved highlights the need for prevention efforts that are implemented early in life. Given that a significant percentage of injured infants and children were already known to child welfare authorities, the study also highlights the need to establish and evaluate additional preventive efforts for parents and caregivers already in the child welfare system.