赫拉普琴科的历史诗学

赫拉普琴科既是前苏联的著名文艺学家,也是倡导建立马克思主义历史诗学的重要理论家,其历史诗学的研究成就主要体现在20世纪70年代。在参照几代前辈的历史诗学理论的基础上,他形成了自己对历史诗学理论的独特理论观点:把共时性研究和历时性研究结合起来进行诗学研究,为马克思主义历史诗学的建立和完善做出了卓越的贡献。     

Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture (FOC): a new subject in Russia’s schools

The question of religious education is one of the most controversial questions in the current discussions on religion and politics in Russia. Most notably a new subject, Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture (FOC), is of interest because it differs markedly from Western European approaches to religious education. Referring to ‘Culturology’ FOC combines an introduction into Russian culture and patriotism with moral education and the imparting of knowledge about Orthodox Christianity. According to its own self‐image FOC is a non‐denominational subject, but an analysis of two widespread textbooks will be used to show that FOC is, in all respects, Orthodox.