Four pitfalls in normalizing citation indicators: An investigation of ESI’s selection of highly cited papers

InCites Essential Science Indicators is becoming increasingly used to identify top-performing research and evaluate the impact of institutes. Unfortunately, our study shows that ESI indicators, as well as other normalized citation indicators, have the following flaws. First, the publication month and the online-to-print delay affect a paper’s probability of becoming a Highly Cited Paper (HCP). Papers published in the earlier months of the year are more likely to accumulate enough citation counts to rank at the top 1% compared with those published in later months of the year. Papers with longer online-to-print delays have an apparent advantage for being selected as HCPs. Research field normalizations lead to the third pitfall. Different research fields have different citation thresholds for HCPs, making research field classification important for a journal. In addition, the uniform thresholds for both articles and reviews in ESI affect the reliability of HCP selection because, on average, reviews tend to have higher citation rates than articles. ESI’s selection of HCPs provides an intuitive feel for the problems of normalized citation impact indicators, such as those provided in InCites and SciVal.     

The emergence of China as a leading nation in science

China has become the fifth leading nation in terms of its share of the world's scientific publications. The citation rate of papers with a Chinese address for the corresponding author also exhibits exponential growth. More specifically, China has become a major player in critical technologies like nanotechnology. Although it is difficult to delineate nanoscience and nanotechnology, we show that China has recently achieved a position second only to that of the USA. Funding for R&D has been growing exponentially, but since 1997 even more in terms of business expenditure than in terms of government expenditure. It seems that the Chinese government has effectively used the public-sector research potential to boost the knowledge-based economy of the country. Thus, China may be achieving the (“Lisbon”) objectives of the transition to a knowledge-based economy more broadly and rapidly than its western counterparts. Because of the sustained increase in Chinese government funding and the virtually unlimited reservoir of highly skilled human resources, one may expect a continuation of this growth pattern in the near future.     

Structure-Based Anti-Inl ammatory Drug Discovery: Design,Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of VSP-22 as a New,Safe and Highly Potent GR Agonist

<正>The glucocorticoid receptor(GR),also known as NR3C1(nuclear receptor subfamily 3,group C,member 1)is the receptor to which cortisol and other glucocorticoids bind.Many studies have also showed that it is the target protein for the well-known glucocorticoid class of anti-infl ammatory drugs such as prednisone,dexamethasone(DEX)and budesonide,which have proven successful for the effi cient treatment of infl ammation and autoimmune diseases such as asthma,arthritis,lupus,and Crohn’s disease.However,despite their excellent potencies in treating the above-mentioned diseases,these glucocorticoid drugs as GR agonists possess many severe side effects including diabetes,hypertension,obesity,and osteoporosis.Undoubtedly,there     

我国5种医药大学学报在国内外数据库中高被引论文的对比分析

【目的】 对比国内高被引论文在国外的被引情况与国外高被引论文在国内的被引情况,探讨二者的相关性,以了解国内外高被引论文的差异。【方法】 选择2017年《中国科技期刊引证报告(核心版)》医药大学学报类综合评价总分排名前5位的期刊,选取2008—2017年各期刊在CNKI中的高被引论文共512篇及WoS中高被引论文共486篇,统计分析所选文献的被引频次等相关指标。【结果】 5种期刊的CNKI高被引论文的被引频次差异较小,而WoS高被引论文的被引频次差异较大;CNKI高被引论文的被引频次远高于WoS高被引论文的被引频次;除《南方医科大学学报》外,CNKI/WoS高被引论文的被引频次与其在WoS/CNKI中的被引频次的差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】 我国5种国内学术影响力较高的医药大学学报的国际影响力均较低,这些期刊国内/外高被引论文的被引频次与其在国外/内的被引频次之间的相关性均不明显,国内外对5种期刊的引用存在差异。     

科研院所技能人才队伍建设初探

科研院所的技能人才是一支数量精干,思想素质好、经验丰富、操作技能全面且胜人一筹的能工巧匠队伍.技能人才队伍的培养和选拔要符合科研院所的任务和性质.     

类钴Nb14+离子3p63d9,3p53d10,3p63d84p组态原子参数的计算

用多组态自洽场方法,结合我们提出的半经验拟合公式,计算了高离化态类钴Nb14+离子3p6d9,3p53d10,3p6d84p组态的能级、波长和振子强度,并与实验符合得较好.     

妥协与反叛——论村上春树小说中人物的两难处境

由于民主政治的完善、多元主义话语的提倡 ,在“高度资本主义社会”中彻底的反抗社会已经成为不可能 ,于是村上笔下的人物只能处于怀着反叛的愿望及彻底反叛的不可能这样一种尴尬位置上 ,觉醒、抗争、妥协 ,在失落的状态下复归现实。这种矛盾的性格恰是对在“高度资本主义社会”中成长起来的年轻人的精神状态的生动写照     

On knowledge-poor methods for person name matching and lemmatization for highly inflectional languages

Web person search is one of the most common activities of Internet users. Recently, a vast amount of work on applying various NLP techniques for person name disambiguation in large web document collections has been reported, where the main focus was on English and few other major languages. This article reports on knowledge-poor methods for tackling person name matching and lemmatization in Polish, a highly inflectional language with complex person name declension paradigm. These methods apply mainly well-established string distance metrics, some new variants thereof, automatically acquired simple suffix-based lemmatization patterns and some combinations of the aforementioned techniques. Furthermore, we also carried out some initial experiments on deploying techniques that utilize the context, in which person names appear. Results of numerous experiments are presented. The evaluation carried out on a data set extracted from a corpus of on-line news articles revealed that achieving lemmatization accuracy figures greater than 90% seems to be difficult, whereas combining string distance metrics with suffix-based patterns results in 97.6–99% accuracy for the name matching task. Interestingly, no significant additional gain could be achieved through integrating some basic techniques, which try to exploit the local context the names appear in. Although our explorations were focused on Polish, we believe that the work presented in this article constitutes practical guidelines for tackling the same problem for other highly inflectional languages with similar phenomena.

高职公共英语教学服务于专业人才培养的思路——以襄樊职业技术学院汽车专业为例

高职教育培养的是高技能复合型人才,为了顺利实现这个目标,切实提高学生在未来工作岗位中应用英语的能力,高职公共英语教学应与专业结合,为专业服务。结合汽车专业实际,从教材建设、师资培养、教学评价等方面对公共英语教学如何为人才培养服务进行了探讨。     

中国高技能人才开发

高技能人才是劳动力结构中居于决策管理层和操作执行层之间的中间层的称谓。在经济发展过程中，这个承上启下的高技能群体广泛包含了技术型技能、知识型技能和复合型技能的人才。在社会经济活动中开始发挥越来越重要的作用，成为社会生产的主力，社会财富的依托，社会稳定的中坚。中国面临高技能人才严重短缺的形势，推动高技能人才群体发展．是当前中国人才资源开发战略的一项重要任务。