中国的知识竞争力状况分析

国家知识竞争力的决定因素主要包括知识经济产出、人力资本、知识资本、知识产权以及知识基础设施这五个方面。无论从哪个方面来看，中国的知识竞争力与发达国家相比都有较大差距。中国应该结合现阶段国情，制定一系列促进知识发展的战略措施和政策，尽快完善国家知识体系，提升国家知识竞争力，实现知识强国的战略目标。     

信息基础设施公共操作环境分析

介绍了信息基础设施公共操作环境的概念 ,着重分析了其体系结构和运行机理 ,并指出了它的实现途径。     

Reinventing the public value of libraries

ABSTRACT

Libraries worldwide have had to re-think their purpose and adapt to changing community needs and expectations. They are no longer simply repositories for old books. Rather, they are vital components of a community’s social and economic infrastructure that connects communities and fosters creativity and innovation. This paper explores the changing role of libraries—and public value organizations more broadly—in creating positive social, economic, and environmental outcomes for individuals and communities.     

Evaluation of Internet Information Sources by High School Students in Ghana

The Internet clearly presents the opportunity for students to expand their knowledge at a fast pace, since they are able to access enormous amount of information. However, accessing the Internet also has its downside since not all information is of good quality. The study explored how 12th grade students at a high school in Ghana evaluated online information sources. These students and the head of the Information Communication Technology department respond to self-administered questionnaires and a semi-structured interview, respectively. The study found that most of the high school students did some kind of an evaluation of online information sources, however, they were not applying the right criteria. The study further revealed that students were not introduced to evaluation criteria at school and this had contributed to the gap in their evaluation competencies.     

Diverse socio-technical aspects of a digital archive of Aboriginal languages

ABSTRACT

A socio-technical approach is taken to explore a digital archive of Australian Indigenous cultural heritage. The Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages is considered in terms of what it is currently doing and what it was intended to do. Two ethnographic stories focusing on user interactions and the outcomes of an online survey serve to evaluate the effectiveness of the Archive from the perspective of different users. This is then juxtaposed with a consideration of the original grant application, outlining what was envisaged for the project. This analysis serves to highlight some of the contingent relations and diverse socio-technical aspects of a specific knowledge infrastructure, as it allows multiple forms of interaction, new connections and generative activities as people discover, access and interact with the content now and into the future.     

我国科技基础条件资源发展指数的构建和比较分析

科技基础条件资源涵盖科技物力和信息资源,主要包括科研仪器设施、科学数据、生物种质和实验材料三 大类型。科技部持续开展了对我国大型科学仪器设备、生物种质资源、科学数据库等科技基础条件资源拥有及使用状 况的调查分析。文章基于科技基础条件资源数据,构建了科技基础条件资源发展指数指标体系,测算了2012年以来我 国科技基础条件资源发展指数,分析了我国科技基础条件资源的总体发展趋势。同时,将科技基础条件资源发展指数 及其核心指标与国家创新指数等反映国家科技进步和创新能力数据进行了比对分析,提出了相关政策建议。     

MICTS: Municipal ICT Schools – A Means for Bridging the Digital Divide Between Rural and Urban Communities

There is a substantial difference in use and development of information and communication technologies and services between and within countries. Some denote this phenomenon as the digital divide.This paper addresses the competence aspect of the digital divide. It proposes municipal ICT schools as one model aimed to bridge this gap and provides an assessment of the model based on the results from a field trial in three rural municipalities in Norway. The model brings the benefits of increased competence of ICT in the communities but in addition have a potential with regard to stimulating talent development, serving as a resource for local business and offering meeting places in the communities for building social capital. The model may be successfully implemented within reasonable economic limitations but is also challenging in several ways, for instance on how teaching resources are recruited and supported.The purpose of the paper is to bring forward the discussion about how to bring all people, also those in rural areas, to be participators in the information technology age.     

区域经济协调：西部基础设施建设中值得注意的问题

西部基础设施建设是一个系统工程,是西部经济发展的物质条件,也是全国经济和社会发展总系统的重要组成部分,各区域协调发展,任重道远。西部基础设施建设必须注意以下几方面的协调:科学规划,统筹协调;区域开发与突出重点协调;基础设施建设与非基础设施建设协调;基础设施建设与生态保护协调;城市基础设施建设与农村基础设施建设协调。     

Leveraging information and communication technologies (ICT) to enhance education equity,quality, and efficiency: case studies of Bangladesh and Nepal

ABSTRACT

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have had significant impacts on many sectors in today’s knowledge economy. In developing and emerging countries, ICT have enhanced equity, quality, and efficiency in the education sector. However, the adoption of ICT in the South Asian countries’ education sector has not been at scale and its impacts have been limited. There are several gaps and issues that are hindering the wider adoption of ICT and limiting its impacts in the education sector. Through the case studies of the adoption of ICT for education in Bangladesh and Nepal, this paper examines the gaps and issues to be addressed in order to better leverage ICT to enhance education equity, quality, and efficiency. This discussion is guided by the ICT in the education framework that has been developed by the authors, and could provide insights into the state of ICT in education and offer strategies to better leverage ICT for the education sector of other countries in South Asia and the region.     

湖北省城乡基本公共服务均等化现状及对策研究——以基础设施建设为例

受城乡二元分割的体制性束缚,当前湖北省推进城乡基础设施均等化面临着诸多突出瓶颈。促进湖北城乡基本公共服务均等化的路径是:统筹城乡规划、拓展投资渠道、加强监督和管护、改善民生性设施,从而促使基础设施向农村整体和有效地延伸。