论英国合格教师专业标准与教师职前培训要求

英国教师标准局和英国师资培训署在2002年6月共同颁布了《英国合格教师专业标准与教师职前培训要求,》旨在提高教师的专业标准,提升教育质量。其内容主要包括两方面:一是教育大臣标准,这是受训教师在获得合格教师资格之前必须要达到的标准;二是对教师职前培训的提供者和教师资格授权人的要求。我国新一轮的基础教育课程改革需要一批高素质的教师,势必在教师标准和教师培训方面提出新的要求,英国的这项标准给我们提供了很好的借鉴。     

产业技术轨道与集群创新动力的互动关系研究

 从集群微观层面关联企业的依存状态和分工架构入手，探析现阶段我国地方产业集群自主创新能力的获得路径与产业升级的可行方式，从而推演出构建主核心企业领导型企业网络。在此基础上，探讨搭建三种相应产业技术轨道技术扩散平台的可行模式。     

浅谈“教学处理理论”

在20世纪80年代,梅瑞尔等人鉴于传统教学设计理论的种种弊端,首次提出了对教学设计理论的分代理论(ID1与ID2)。“教学处理理论”(ITT)是其核心。但是梅瑞尔等人所提出的分代理论并没有得到教育技术界的认可。我国许多教育技术学专家认为,它只是对传统ID模型的一个局部改良,没有实质突破。本文首先总结了ITT理论所具有的优点。其次分析了梅瑞尔等人所建构的ID2并没有得到认可的原因。     

Assessment and the improvement of education∗

This article explores the school coordinator role in initial teacher training (ITT) in England. Recognising that mentoring is fully embedded and highly researched in ITT, it argues the role of the coordinator, while integral to partnerships, is far less researched. This paper investigates tensions in the role, between managing programme-wide quality assurance, teaching professional studies and developing school-based mentors. These questions were explored through multi-site case-studies with four HEIs and their partner schools in four linked phases of data collection. Data analysis established a range of different conceptualisations of the role, with only limited evidence of a development role with their mentors. The authors argue for policies which establish a more coherent conceptualisation of the role, and an agreed nomenclature. A key recommendation is to free coordinators from bureaucratic demands on their time to enable them to exemplify a new ‘professional multilingualism’.     

Partnerships for learning: extending knowledge and understanding of creative writing processes in the ITT year

This article explores the idea that in order to improve the ways we teach children to write creatively it is worth exploring how we, as teachers and writers, do that ourselves. It describes some of the stages of a curriculum development project undertaken in the Portsmouth and Southampton Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) English teams, begun in 2004. The project was supported by funding from the Esmee Fairbairn Foundation and was designed to foster a range of learning activities for trainee teachers in the area of teaching creative writing to pupils in schools. The project that was developed had multiple aims: subject knowledge development in trainee English teachers; pedagogic exploration amongst all teachers involved looking at how the difficult area of teaching creative writing might be better addressed. This article evaluates the aims of the project and some of the outcomes and argues for recognition of the training year as a vital area for exploring issues in teaching, beyond competence. The article draws on a variety of sources, including participant observation notes made in writing workshops, responses to a questionnaire completed by project participants and excerpts from writing collected across the project produced by teachers and pupils.     

ITT:芬兰教师在职培训计划述评--以物理教师为例

ITT(In-service Training for Teachers Project)是芬兰为教师设立的一个长期在职培训计划,旨在丰富教师的教学主题和教育学学科知识,加强教师的合作与反思,进而促进教师的专业发展.该计划的目标层次鲜明、内容丰富、培训方式多元,本文以芬兰物理教师在职培训为例对该计划进行分析,以期对现阶段我国教师在职教育具有一定的启发和借鉴.     

The value of the academic award in initial teacher education: key stakeholder perceptions of the masters level Postgraduate Certificate in Education in two English universities

The Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) has been a successful and popular initial teacher education (ITE) programme since the 1950s, with the masters level PGCE being successfully embedded within universities in England since 2007 and having high levels of student satisfaction. Recent White Papers, policy and reviews have undermined the academic award in ITE, however, favouring school-led initial teacher training and the minimum, essential professional award. Located within the Secondary ITE phase in two English universities, this article presents the value of studying education and the academic award at pre-service level via key stakeholder perceptions from interviews with teacher–educators and student–teachers within a case study. Findings highlight improvements to student–teachers’ knowledge and practice; enjoyment in working at a higher academic level; improvements to the ITE programme overall, including student–teacher support and student–teachers’ articulation of knowledge and practice; and enhanced opportunities for employability, career advancement and gaining a Master’s degree.     

浅谈"教学处理理论"

在20世纪80年代,梅瑞尔等人鉴于传统教学设计理论的种种弊端,首次提出了对教学设计理论的分代理论(ID1与ID2)。“教学处理理论”(ITT)是其核心。但是梅瑞尔等人所提出的分代理论并没有得到教育技术界的认可。我国许多教育技术学专家认为,它只是对传统ID模型的一个局部改良,没有实质突破。本文首先总结了ITT理论所具有的优点。其次分析了梅瑞尔等人所建构的ID2并没有得到认可的原因。     

Primary initial teacher trainees' perceptions of and perspectives on the role of the teaching assistant in English primary contexts

This article focuses on exploring initial teacher trainees' experiences and perspectives on the role of the teaching assistant (TA) in mainstream primary contexts. A backdrop of shrinking school budgets coupled with a ‘mainstream for all’ political agenda is contributing to growing uncertainty about the role of TAs in education. This article presents the results of a small-scale empirical study, involving 75 initial teacher trainees at the University of Cambridge. Trainees' perspectives regarding the roles/responsibilities that TAs have been seen to undertake and perceptions regarding the impact of the TAs they worked with were ascertained, with the aim of exploring how well current ITT content prepares students for an effective teacher/TA working relationship. Concept modelling was used as an analysis tool, to present visual representations of these perceptions. Trainees emphasised the administrative, pedagogical and pastoral roles that TAs were perceived to undertake and specifically highlighted the perceived ability of TAs to support students displaying needs relating to social, emotional and mental health. The findings highlight that the vague nature of current ITT content in relation to the role of TAs continues to serve as a barrier to students building coherent and consistent understandings of the successful deployment of TAs in English primary contexts.