犹太定居点问题浅析

犹太定居点问题是巴以冲突及中东和平进程中最为棘手的问题之一。该问题能否顺利解决,直接关系到中东地区的和平与安宁,关系到中东和平进程的推进。本文试从早期犹太定居点政策、犹太定居点的建设与扩张、犹太定居点的出路三个方面对该问题作一探讨。     

Discipline problems at teachers’ colleges: lessons for lecturers and students

This case study worked with 80 lecturers drawn from Israeli teachers’ colleges who reported that they face relatively few discipline problems; most appeared to be related to low motivation and/or dishonest behaviour. They treated each case in an ad hoc way, responded mildly and avoided imposing sanctions. It is argued that the student teachers’ misconduct could have been used by their lecturers as excellent raw material to analyse the conditions in which problems are likely to occur in the school classroom, as well as to discuss possible underlying motivation of the provocative conduct, and to suggest ways for teachers to cope with these situations. Unfortunately, the lecturers did not draw any connections between the misbehaviour of the student teachers and the skills and moral values prospective teachers need to possess. The lack of transference from the college setting to the student teachers’ experience in the classroom is discussed with regard to the current highly competitive climate in which colleges must attract students.     

以色列的中介学习经验理论及其应用

二战后,为满足以色列儿童心理成长和能力促进的实际需要,以弗厄斯坦为代表的以色列教育学家和认知心理学家提出了中介学习经验理论并将之应用于教育实践。该理论从教授者与学习者间交互作用的视角看待学习者的认知发展与学习,主张个体的认知结构是一个开放的系统,教授者在中介学习过程中可采用多种有益的中介策略指导和训练儿童,以促进他们认知能力的提高和认知结构的改善,并推动其学习潜能的实现。该理论的实践应用包括:1)构建学习潜能评估工具,用它评价个体认知能力的改变,诊断个体的认知缺陷;2)设立工具强化程序并施之于教学中以巩固儿童已改变的认知结构。中介学习经验理论对于在测评和教学中动态把握和促进巩固儿童的潜能发展具有重要意义。     

Teen Suicide and the Library

Teen suicide is a widespread problem which has recently increased dramatically. Part of the problem relates to the prevalence of anxiety during the teen years. Librarians and the library can help with the problem in direct and indirect ways. Librarians are encouraged to be supportive of young adult patrons. Suggestions are given concerning young adult departments. Public libraries could directly help with the problem by sponsoring programs to help young adults deal with anxiety and depression, to help parents and teachers identify teenagers at a high risk for suicide, and to increase community awareness. Librarians who suspect that a teenage patron or employee may be suicidal should intervene, preferably by referring the young adult to a trained counselor or suicide prevention agency.     

Business communication as cultural text: Exchange and feedback of promotional video clips

Our research is a response to the need to improve the understanding of the complexity of global professional communication. To investigate the complex cultural interpretations that producers and audiences apply to professional texts, we developed a two-year interactive project. Business students in New Zealand and Israel produced promotional “texts” – video clips to promote a university program – which they exchanged with their counterparts overseas to receive feedback. We adapted models of home-made visual communication and advertising which used the categories of participants, settings, topics, and style, to analyze the eight clips. Emergent findings suggested two more categories – information and language – as important analytical tools. Variables of age, gender, intra- and intercultural differences, and (cultural) context also resulted in student audiences’ multiple interpretations of the texts. The outcomes indicate the need to extend the culture-in-context approach for a “situation focused communication approach,” where the primary focus is a group of producers and their audience as they produce and interpret a professional text. This approach also foregrounds contextual variables and a plural understanding of culture to accommodate the potential for miscommunication of business and professional texts in pluricultural contexts.     

试论约翰逊时期美国对以色列武器政策的转变

美国长期坚持对以色列的\"武器限制\"政策,实质是保证以色列武器优势的同时,确保中东地区的稳定,不给苏联插手中东的机会。约旦武器问题给美国传统中东武器政策的执行造成了巨大的困难。美国坚决要取得对苏冷战胜利的决心与传统对以色列的国家安全的责任之间出现不可调和的矛盾。在充分权衡全球利益与地区利益的关系之后,美国与以色列进行了艰苦的谈判,最终形成了对阿以的\"武器均衡\"政策。\"武器均衡\"政策暂时地帮助美国走出了政策的困境,但是随之产生了更加严重的后果。     

Identifying and Nurturing Gifted Children in Israel

The article describes Israel’s approach to the education of gifted and talented children. It describes the programs for gifted and talented children in Israel and the process for selecting students for these programs. The method of selecting students for programs is consistent with the Ministry of Education’s definition of giftedness, the goals of the giftedness programs, and the characteristics of these programs. The selection method is affected by the standards required of the instruments as well as other constraints, such as the constraints on funding for this purpose.The author of this article is the director of the Szold Institute program for identifying gifted children. The project is funded by the Israeli Ministry of Education