Merchant of Mercy, Merchant of Death: How Values Advocacy Messages Influence Jury Deliberations

This exploratory study addresses the ability of values advocacy messages to influence target publics' behavior beyond consumer purchase decisions. In doing so, it fills a gap in the research by extending our understanding of the persuasive premises of values advocacy messages beyond rhetorical (de)construction; consumer behavior; and the establishment of typologies, definitions, and methods of inquiry. Using focus group methodology, target audience members (n=37) of a contemporary values advocacy campaign reflect upon the messages presented in the context of jury deliberations. The findings show that focus group participants would likely reduce punitive damage judgments if exposed to values advocacy messages. The social and cultural implications exposed by participants' comments reflect ongoing concern among critical scholars about the ability of corporations to manipulate public behavior and indicate the ethical conundrum between corporate and community speech.     

比较法视野下人民监督员制度基本问题考察

人民监督员制度首先应当实现在人员选任、资源利用等方面对监督对象的独立;其次,通过完善程序使监督员更全面、深入获取案件信息:最后,人民监督员制度应当在民主参与性的正当性和专业知识性之间保持一定的张力.     

国外雅典的陪审法庭研究综述

20世纪70年代以来,西方学者针对雅典陪审法庭的起源和发展、构成和运行、职能和地位以及法庭与法律的关系等相关问题展开深入研究。制度考察和思想观念考察相结合,应是雅典陪审法庭研究的发展趋势。     

对我国人民陪审制度否定性思考

针对我国现存的人民陪审制度,有人赞誉它是民主审判的模式,是司法公正的保障;有人批评它是落后的审判方式,是司法效率的大敌。笔者主张人民陪审制度应当加以废除,一是我国法律文化根基无法吸纳陪审制;二是陪审制的司法价值无法证明其存在的必要性;三是陪审制度的现状说明了其存在的无可行性。     

两大法系媒体与司法关系比较

就传媒与司法关系而言,英美法系与大陆法系表现出不同的特点:前者有对新闻报道进行限制乃至处罚的措施或制度,后者则没有,其关键因素在于前者实行陪审制。而在当代司法实践和学术思潮中,两大法系在此问题上均表现出对新闻自由保护的倾向。但是,解决此问题的根本点却在于法官、记者与律师的合作及违宪审查机构的公正处理。     

Decisional Regret Theory: Reducing the Anxiety About Uncertain Outcomes During Group Decision Making Through Shared Counterfactual Storytelling

People want to live in a predictable world, yet regularly face uncertain outcomes from decision choices. Here, a decision-making theory of communication is proposed. Faced with decisions, people experience anxiety as they anticipate choice-regret. The communicative dynamic of Decisional Regret Theory (DERT) is the production, sharing, and reconstruction of predecisional imaginary narratives that allow alternative decisional outcomes to be anticipated. DERT predicts a type of shared communication (counterfactual storytelling) under specific circumstances (anticipation of making a meaningful decision). It further predicts listener responses: (a) reproducing the story, (b) altering the story, (c) creating an alternative story, or (d) disconfirming the story. Exemplars of counterfactual communication during jury decision making are offered, together with a model describing the emergence of group counterfactual storytelling.     

制造普利策新闻奖:一个“把关人/把关”的研究取径

本文由把关人/把关的研究取径,对普利策奖的初评会和委员会作了系统的、比较性的分析。本文先建构了一组结构性指标来检视把关人的结构特征,然后借助一套二手的历史资料对其把关实践进行了探讨。     

我国陪审制度改革研究

本文试图从陪审制度的产生和发展阐释其实质内涵 ,从不同法系 ,不同国家陪审制度具体内容的比较 ,构划两种陪审制度形式。在此基础上 ,结合法律规定和司法实践 ,从理念和制度层面上提出我国陪审制度改革的构想     

Vocally cued personality prototypes: An implicit personality theory approach

Competence and benevolence are two personality prototypes that have emerged in research on voice and personality. While traits comprising these prototypes have been described, there is incomplete information about the interaction effects of speech rate, pitch variation, and loudness during impression formation processes. Five hypotheses and three research questions were advanced to examine main and interaction effects of the three vocal variables on the two personality prototypes. The main effects hypotheses were significant for both prototypes. Rate and pitch variation were the most influential for competence and benevolence, respectively. For competence, one interaction effect (rate by pitch variation) was significant. For benevolence, two interaction effects were significant (pitch variation by loudness, and pitch variation by rate). The results are discussed in the theoretical framework provided by implicit personality theory and the structures of the two personality prototypes.     

Colorimetric measurement of anxiety: A clinical and experimental procedure∗

This study investigated the effects of leader structuring style (attention to group interaction procedures) on group member satisfaction and communication performance when the task‐orientation of group members varied. Results indicated little difference in the behavior of high task‐oriented subjects regardless of whether they interacted with structuring or nonstructuring leaders. Subjects low in task‐orientation, however, were significantly more satisfied with their leader and their group's task performance, and were rated by judges of discussion tapes as being in higher quality discussion groups and as making more communication skills statements and fewer social‐emotional contributions when they worked with structuring leaders than when they worked with nonstructuring leaders.