An ordinary moonlighting activity? Determinants of the provision of private tutoring by Czech schoolteachers

Teacher moonlighting (teachers working other jobs in addition to teaching) may have positive as well as negative implications. In the context of post-socialist countries, the provision of private tutoring is one of the common forms of teacher moonlighting. The aim of the paper is to analyse the prevalence and factors that are associated with a) having a paid job in addition to one’s regular teaching obligations; b) provision of private tutoring among teachers. Results are drawn from a representative sample of 494 Czech teachers of academic school subjects in lower secondary schools who responded to an online questionnaire survey. Male teachers working part-time, with shorter professional experience, higher household financial burden and lower satisfaction with teacher salaries were more likely to moonlight. The provision of private tutoring was only associated with shorter professional experience and the teaching of core subjects, suggesting that Czech teachers’ motivation to provide private tutoring is currently not primarily financial.     

拓展训练引入高校专业体育课的理论分析及实验研究

运用文献法、调查法、实验法、统计法理性地分析了高校专业体育课开展拓展训练的可行性；又通过实验印证了在高校专业体育课上开展拓展训练的必要性。     

特殊合订图书的标引与著录

针对特殊合订图书的特点，文章对特殊合订图书的分类标引、主题标引和CN—MARC著录方法分别进行了探讨。     

Incremental training intensities increases loads on the lower back of elite female rowers

Lumbar-pelvic kinematics change in response to increasing rowing stroke rates, but little is known about the effect of incremental stroke rates on changes in joint kinetics and their implications for injury. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of incremental rowing intensities on lower limb and lumbar-pelvic kinetics. Twelve female rowers performed an incremental test on a rowing ergometer. Kinematic data of rowers’ ankle, knee, hip and lumbar-pelvic joints, as well as external forces at the handle, seat and foot-stretchers of the rowing machine were recorded. Inter-segmental moments and forces were calculated using inverse dynamics and were compared across stroke rates using repeated measures ANOVA. Rowers exhibited increases in peak ankle and L5/S1 extensor moments, reductions in peak knee moments and no change in peak hip moments, with respect to stroke rate. Large shear and compressive forces were seen at L5/S1 and increased with stroke rate (P < 0.05). This coincided with increased levels of lumbar-pelvic flexion. High levels of lumbar-pelvic loading at higher stroke rates have implications with respect to injury and indicated that technique was declining, leading to increased lumbar-pelvic flexion. Such changes are not advantageous to performance and can potentially increase the risk of developing injuries.     

单调有界数列一定收敛的新证法

单调有界数列一定有极限 ,采用对区间进行平分再平分 (用二进制表示 )的方法巧妙地给出了有效的证明。用这种方法也可以来证明其它的几个基本定理。     

Area-time associated test cost model for SoC and lower bound of test time

A novel test access mechanism (TAM) architecture with multi test-channel (TC) based on IEEE Standard 1500 is proposed instead of the traditional sub-TAM structure. The cost model of an area-time associated test and the corresponding lower bound of system-on-chip (SoC) test time are established based on this TAM architecture. The model provides a more reliable method to control the SoC scheduling and reduces the complexity in related algorithm research. The result based on the area time associated test cost model has been validated using the ITC’02 test benchmark.     

我党执政中自律系统与他律系统的结合类型研究

根据“三个代表”的重要思想和“与时俱进,开拓创新”的时代精神,运用组织健康运转原理,通过对我党约束机制进行历史性的分析,把自律系统和他律系统的结合类型可分为三种类型:利益一致直属相交型,利益对抗互不相容平行型和利益一致根部相交平行型,讨论了各种类型的特点和适用条件,并对我党的组织机构改善提出了合理化建议。     

高校体育课程实施心理拓展训练探讨

从理论与实践角度对心理拓展训练进行分析研究,结果表明:在高校体育课中开展拓展训练是完全可行的。拓展训练进入高校将有利于推动传统体育教育模式的改革,对深化体育教育改革和心理健康教育具有重要意义。     

英语表量结构中的动词性借用单位名词

英语对于在空间上形体和边界范围不固定的物质、事物群体及无空间存在的抽象事物计量描述时,常需借助于表量结构“Num N1 of N2”。N1是表份的单位名词(unit noun),和作为计量单位和数词、介词“of”一起构成数量语块对N2进行量的描述。同汉语的量词一样,英语表量结构中的N1有不少是从动词借用来的。本文主要讨论英语表量结构中动词性借用单位名词的不同类型、作用和修辞特点等。     

拉萨河下游河谷区三叶草引种品比试验研究

针对拉萨河谷的自然气候条件, 选择了9种三叶草品种进行集中品比试验, 观察各种牧草的越冬率、生育期、高生长速率和产草量等生产形状。结果表明, 拉萨河谷下游河谷区适合引种栽培三叶草，三叶草能够顺利越冬，能够取得与其它地区相似气候条件下的相当产量。在参试品种中，Zgrk8802 红三叶、Beskyd红三叶和Vesna 红三叶是适宜于拉萨河谷下游的优良牧草品种，在越冬率、产草量、生长期和生长速率方面表现都是优良的品种，值得在拉萨河谷下游区推广。