Mario Bunge (1919–2020): Physicist,philosopher, champion of science,and citizen of the world

Mario Bunge, the centenarian Argentine/Canadian physicist/philosopher passed away in the loving company of his wife Marta and children Eric and Silvia on February 24, 2020 in Montréal, Ontario. This memoriam reviews his life and work, particularly his contributions to physics and philosophy of science.     

M.邦格的社会科学机制解释探析

针对社会科学的传统解释模式的困境,基于对机制的重要性和普适性的充分认识,马里奥·邦格提出了自己独特的社会科学的机制解释思想。这种新的社会科学解释模式,不仅满足了社会科学理论上的解释需求,而且与社会现实关联密切,具有重要的实践意义。     

Based on Design Method of Regional Architecture

In face of energy crisis,raw materials exhaustion,environmental pollution and other environmental issues caused by the current social and economic development model,theory and method of regional architecture have been noted and studied by persons in the field of architecture and ecology.In the paper,the author analyzes architectural region,interprets regional architecture of Mario Botta and summarizes organic theory with a view to recognizing the importance of regional architecture method and reflecting on the significance of architectural region theories at the present times under the background of current globalization and information era.     

Mario Van Peebles's Panther and Popular Memories of the Black Panther Party

The 1995 movie Panther depicted the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense as a vibrant but ultimately doomed social movement for racial and economic justice during the late 1960s. Panther's narrative indicted the white-operated police for perpetuating violence against African-Americans and for undermining movements for black empowerment. As such, this film represented a rare source of filmic counter-memory that challenged hegemonic memories of U.S. race relations. Newspaper reports and reviews of Panther, however, questioned the film's veracity as a source of historical information. An analysis of these reviews and reports indicates the challenges counter-memories confront in popular culture.     

Parties as reflectors of the feminine sensibility: Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway counters James's the wings of the dove

This article examines the ways in which parties conceived by women writers elucidate the feminine sensibility and feminine concerns with communication. Communication occurs through the preparation of a context—the making of the party from the planning stage, through the purchasing and preparation of food, to its opening in an artfully ordered drawing‐room. It occurs through attention to relationships between partygoers spatially; through attention to people over objects; through attention to the individual hostesses’ attempts to shape the meaning of events internally, intrapersonally; and through an exchange of meaning between individuals through a system of symbols constellated around death. A comparison of Clarissa Dalloway's party in Virginia Woolf's novel with Milly Theale's in Henry James's The Wings of the Dove aptly conveys the differences between male/female reflections of the party and illuminates how death figures prominently in feminine imaginings of social gatherings. Death is the metaphor to communicate psychic fears occasioned in women by parties. Finally, the article suggests how women writers have altered the tradition of the party in literature, permitting it to reflect their felt and lived experience.     

是"造反"还是"崩溃"——重读托马斯·曼的《马里奥和魔术师》

托马斯·曼的小说《马里奥和魔术师》 一直被一些学者解读为人民对法西斯主义者的反抗,其中魔术师奇博拉是法西斯分子的象征,而马里奥则代表了人民.如果透过文本分析,这种观点只是对文学政治化标准的误判.实际上,马里奥打死奇博拉的行为并不是一种富有人民正义行动的英雄般的造反,而是一种在极端扭曲和罪恶的环境下的一种精神崩溃,这种崩溃具有一种彻底的悲剧性.     

马里奥·加西亚新闻设计思想研究

马里奥·加西亚(Mario.R.Garcia)教授是全球著名的报纸设计方面的专家。本文着重研究他的新闻设计想思——即重点探讨他如何在内容分析基础之上进行版面设计,并对他新闻设计理论的形成和发展作较为详细的说明。     

试析巴余加斯·略萨“生存意识”产生的原因

巴尔加斯·略萨“生存意识”的产生有多方面原因：首先是拉美文学“干预现实与政治”的传统影响。这使巴尔加斯·略萨认识到作家应通过文学作品对现实加以描绘和谴责,唤起人们变革现实的勇气和希望。因而他自觉地秉承了作家对社会的道义责任,试图引起大家对人们生存状况的关注;其次是深层无意识动机的激活。巴尔加斯·略萨和母亲曾被在家中表现如同暴君一般的父亲遗弃。他的弑父欲望一直潜伏在无意识深处。后来他对人民生存的现实不满使一直深藏在心中的弑父情结在无意识中被激活,并有了合乎社会道德规范的释放途径;最后是西方人本主义思潮的熏陶。巴尔加斯·略萨对西方各种流派的人本主义耳濡目染。他在汲取精华的基础上,找到了个体的位置。     

时代悲剧的体现者——浅析巴尔加斯·略萨《绿房子》中的主人公形象

秘鲁作家巴尔加斯·略萨的《绿房子》通过妓院“绿房子”的兴衰史描绘了20世纪20年代以来秘鲁社会长达40年的生活,刻画了印第安人为反对剥削和压迫而进行的反抗。文中的主人公,“绿房子”的创始人安塞尔莫是20世纪的小说中最典型的“反英雄”人物。他是善与恶的综合化身,同时也是一个反叛人物。“绿房子”的建立就是向社会的宣战。但由于历史的局限性,注定了他是一个悲剧人物,读者从他的身上不仅感受到了“自我”的失败,而且也感受到了整个社会的失败。     

Embryonic stem cells and their genetic modification Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007

The derivation of embryonic stem cells from mice and the development of techniques that allow for targeted manipulation of its genome have allowed for the generation of mice with desired mutations. This is what led to the announcement in Stockholm in 2007 — “The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute today decided to award the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 2007 jointly to Mario R Capecchi, Martin J Evans and Oliver Smithies for their discoveries of Principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells”. Martin J Evans was recognised for his derivation and establishment of mouse embryonic stem cells while Mario Capecchi and Oliver Smithies were honoured for techniques that allowed site-specific modification of sequences within the genome of these cells. Such cells were then used to generate animals that had their genome altered specifically and at desired locations. For this valuable body of work, all three shared the prize equally. To date, almost half of the genes in the mouse genome have been modified using their techniques. This has led to a better understanding of mammalian physiology, development and diseases. Mitradas M. Panicker is on the faculty of the National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore, India. His research interests include stem cells, serotonin and its receptors and neurobiology.