Confronting poverty and educational inequalities: Madrasas as a strategy for contesting dominant literacy in rural Bangladesh

In a context of globalisation and the rapid expansion of low-paid ‘global’ jobs, formal schooling is no longer perceived as contributing to the acquisition of skills that are appropriate or even relevant to active engagement with the new opportunities. Based on empirical material from a village in Bangladesh, this paper explores the role of madrasa education in challenging the dominant paradigm of learning embedded in formal secular schooling. Despite charges of low quality and traditionalism, local narratives reveal how madrasa learning is used to negotiate and transform inequalities, both in material and social terms. Madrasa education is cheaper, and addresses issues of poverty, but the narratives also emphasise learning the Arabic language, seen to facilitate male overseas migration to the Gulf countries, a channel for upward social and economic mobility. In a context of global competition that supports individualism, a focus on character and morality as represented through an Islamic identity, alongside communitarian values, is seen as important for maintaining a degree of social cohesion and is hence socially valued. Reading and reciting the Quran are also viewed as essential traits for a woman, enabling her to appropriately socialise her children in the absence of her migrant husband. One finds here a simultaneous process of contestation and resistance, seeking successful occupational trajectories and social recognition for men, while at the same time contributing to the reproduction of gendered inequalities.     

Unmasking text plagiarism using syntactic-semantic based natural language processing techniques: Comparisons,analysis and challenges

The proposed work aims to explore and compare the potency of syntactic-semantic based linguistic structures in plagiarism detection using natural language processing techniques. The current work explores linguistic features, viz., part of speech tags, chunks and semantic roles in detecting plagiarized fragments and utilizes a combined syntactic-semantic similarity metric, which extracts the semantic concepts from WordNet lexical database. The linguistic information is utilized for effective pre-processing and for availing semantically relevant comparisons. Another major contribution is the analysis of the proposed approach on plagiarism cases of various complexity levels. The impact of plagiarism types and complexity levels, upon the features extracted is analyzed and discussed. Further, unlike the existing systems, which were evaluated on some limited data sets, the proposed approach is evaluated on a larger scale using the plagiarism corpus provided by PAN¹ competition from 2009 to 2014. The approach presented considerable improvement in comparison with the top-ranked systems of the respective years. The evaluation and analysis with various cases of plagiarism also reflected the supremacy of deeper linguistic features for identifying manually plagiarized data.     

外语习得过程中言语主体意识的重建

言语主体意识在外语习得过程中的作用是最直接的和主要的。外语学习者首先要有强烈的主体学习愿望,从而产生学习动力,进而付诸行动。近年来,在外语教学领域,通过分析言语主体意识的动机、态度和性格等入手,探讨言语主体意识的重建问题已经备受人们关注。     

论孔庆东作品的语言修辞艺术

孔庆东的作品在当今文坛独树一帜,颇富吸引力.张扬的个性和悲天悯人的情怀是他作品的一个亮点,而文中从幽默诙谐、意味深长、通俗质朴、典雅精致等几方面具体探讨了孔庆东作品的语言艺术风格.其独特的语言修辞风格又是他作品难以抗拒的魅力.     

浙江省自然科学基金项目获奖绩效相关性研究——基于1989-2010年间的基金项目

为了解浙江省自然科学基金项目与科技成果奖的相关性,运用SPSS统计软件对1989～2010年间浙江省自然科学基金项目与浙江省获省级及以上相关科技成果进行统计分析,动态观察20多年来浙江省自然科学基金项目与所获的省级及以上科技成果奖的水平与发展轨迹,明确浙江省自然科学基金项目负责人的学位、职称、年龄、项目经费等因素对重大科技成果的推动作用,为省政府、省科学基金会在项目的立项与管理、项目经费资助的政策导向方面提供一些参考依据.     

元认知策略与外语自主学习能力培养

现代教育以培养学生掌握一定的学习策略进行有效的自主学习为目标.该文通过对非英语专业学生英语自主学习现状和元认知策略的运用情况的调查分析,笔者认为,在大学英语教学中运用元认知学习策略有助于学生自主学习能力的培养,尤其是从元认知策略的培养入手,更有助于培养学生的自主学习能力.     

数控高速切削加工中刀具路径的研究

数控高速切削加工与普通数控加工不同,具有其独特的性质,所以对刀具路径的规划也有着更高的要求,主要为以下几点：保持最大和稳定的切削速度;避免不连续和突然的加速度变化;刀具运动保持恒定的进给速度,产生相同体积的切屑;在保持插值公差的前提下,尽可能减少程序段数：提供高度连续的光滑的刀位数据。所以刀具路径规划主要是对铣削方向、进退刀方式、移刀方式、走刀方式、拐角处理等方面进行研究。本文仅以UG NX3．0为例对数控高速切削加工的刀具路径进行研究。     

清代滇东北矿业开发与环境变迁研究综述

滇东北矿业开发历史悠久,自汉代始就有了文献记载。其中,清代的矿业开发规模和产量最大,留下了丰富的历史资料,引起了学界关注。但学界的研究,对清代滇东北矿业开发与自然环境变迁的整体性、系统性研究很少。纵观20世纪50年代以来学界对清代滇东北矿业开发的研究,学术成果丰富,主要集中对矿业政策、生产、性质和交通运输的相关研究。本论文的研究,通过对清代澳东北地区矿业开发全貌的有机整合,侧重对矿业开发中自然环境变迁及其治理策略的研究,通过文化反思,重点揭示清代滇东北地区生态退变的原因,并从文化的角度探讨清代滇东北自然环境治理的方略。     

从语用角度看语言的模因现象

语言本身就是一种模因,模因寓于语言之中,依靠语言来复制、传播,何自然称之为"语言模因"。本文针对语用学方面进行了深入研究,探讨从语用角度看语言的模因现象,激发英语语用学习的动机,并全方位、多角度提出了学习语用语言模因现象的方法和具体化策略。