诺瓦里斯的“浪漫化”诗学思想

本文论述了德国早期浪漫主义作家诺瓦利斯在其短暂生涯中留下的出色诗篇中的浪漫化诗学思想。浪漫化即为诗化,本文解答了浪漫化与诗的含义以外,根据德国浪漫主义的独特性分析了诺瓦利斯诗作中所赋予的诗与自然、诗与自我、诗与哲学、诗与宗教、诗与爱等,一同鉴证了诺瓦利斯的重要哲学、美学、诗学思想与观点。     

Novalis’ Poetic Uncertainty: A Bildung with the Absolute

Novalis, the Early German Romantic poet and philosopher, had at the core of his work a mysterious depiction of the ‘absolute’. The absolute is Novalis’ name for a substance that defies precise knowledge yet calls for a tentative and sensitive speculation. How one asserts a truth, represents an object, and sets about encountering things in the world, is in the first instance the domain of the absolute, which diffuses through all things in the world. In this article, I begin by describing the absolute in general and I outline its importance in Novalis’ works. I then speculate on its natural tendency to render an object mysterious and fundamentally unknowable. Although the absolute also allows us an insight into an object, my attention in this article is drawn to its concealment in mystery because, as Novalis was at pains to indicate, the Enlightenment has been more than generous to the clear perception of an object. I turn to consider the poet—a most important political character in Novalis’ works—and their Bildung (educative formation) of themselves and their communities. They bring their communities to continual maturation through their role in romanticising the ordinary world and through their need to consistently reflect on, and be aware of, the absolute. They also develop themselves in their ongoing state of mystery as they carry out their political and poetic responsibility.     

Overcoming ‘Being’ in Favour of Knowledge: The fixing effect of ‘mātauranga’

It is common to hear Māori discuss primordial states of Being, yet in colonisation those very central beliefs are forced into weaker utterances. In this process those utterances merely conform to a colonised agenda. ‘Mātauranga’, a tidy term that overwhelmingly refers to an epistemological knowing of the world, colludes nicely with its English equivalent, ‘knowledge’, to further colonise those core contemplations of Being. Its plausibility relies on an orderly regard of things in the world. In education, historical and current practices of schooling pave the way for things in the world so that they amount to mātauranga for Māori, and even the term ‘ako’ will conspire in its own way. Both Novalis and Heidegger have the ability to identify subtly colonising philosophies, and may even propose some theoretical solutions for Māori.     

试论诺瓦利斯哲学美学思想

主要探讨了 1 9世纪德国早期浪漫派最主要的抒情诗人诺瓦利斯的哲学美学思想