相转移催化合成1-环己基吖丁啶-3-基取代苄基醚

在相转移催化奈件下合成了1-环己基吖丁啶3基取代苄基醚这类具有潜在生理活性的新化合物，该法操作简便，收率高，经^1H NMR、IR、MS确认了产物的结构，同时讨论了合成这类化合物的最佳反应条件．     

BaTi1-x-yNbxMnyO3半导体陶瓷PTC效应的研究

采用固相法制备了施主杂质Nb和受主杂质Mn共掺的BaTiO3基半导体复合陶瓷.通过对比实验结果,详细地分析了施主杂质和受主杂质的参杂效应对于BaTiO3基PTC陶瓷的室温电阻率和升阻比的影响,得到了充分利用BaTiO3基半导体复合陶瓷PTC效应较为理想的掺杂浓度范围.同时,比较Heywan与Ihring模型对于PTC效应的不同解释,根据原子价控理论和铁电效应补偿理论进一步分析了PTC效应的微观机制,较为完备地解释了PTC效应.     

相转移催化法合成三联阴离子表面活性剂

采用相转移催化法合成丙三醇三缩水甘油醚,再与十二胺、氯乙酸钠反应,合成了一种丙三醇型三联阴离子表面活性剂,所用原料无毒无害。讨论了合成条件,并对性能进行测试。结果表明,合成的三联阴离子表面活性剂能有效降低水的表面张力,其临界胶束浓度达10-6mol/L的数量级,有很好的发泡稳定性和较低的Kraff点。     

PTC热敏电阻限流特性研究

分析PTC电阻的原理和特性,建立PTC的短路限流开关模型,通过直流短路仿真实验,得出了PTC电阻的部分极限参数和在短路系统中的特性。提出了基于PTC电阻和MOV过压保护的限流方案,并对其过压保护原理和工作特性做出简要分析。     

Life cycle cost analysis of new FRP based solar parabolic trough collector hot water generation system

Parabolic trough collectors （PTCs） are employed for a variety of applications including steam generation and hot water generation. This paper deals with the experimental results and an economic analysis of a new fibre reinforced plastic （FRP） based solar PTC with an embedded electronic controlled tracking system designed and developed for hot water generation in a restaurant in Madurai, India. The new collector performance has been tested according to ASHRAE Standard 93 （1986）. The performance of a new PTC hot water generation system with a well mixed hot water storage tank is investigated by a series of extensive tests over ten months period. The average maximum storage tank water temperature observed was 74.91℃, when no energy is withdrawn from the tank to the load during the collection period. The total cost of the new economic FRP based solar PTC for hot water generation with an embedded electronic controlled tracking system is Rs. 25000 （US$ 573） only. In the present work, life cycle savings （LCS） method is employed for a detailed economic analysis of the PTC system. A computer program is used as a tool for the economic analysis. The present worth of life cycle solar savings is evaluated for the new solar PTC hot water generation system that replaces an existing electric water heating system in the restaurant and attains a value of Rs. 23171.66 after 15 years, which is a significant saving. The LCS method and the MATLAB computer simulation program presented in this paper can be used to estimate the LCS of other renewable energy systems.     

Computational fluid dynamic simulation of an inter-phasing pulse tube cooler

An inter-phasing pulse tube cooler （IPPTC） consists of two pulse tube units, which are connected to each other at hot ends of the pulse tubes through a needle valve. This paper presents the computational fluid dynamic （CFD） results of an IPPTC using a 2D axis-symmetrical model. General results such as the phase difference between pressure and velocity at cold end and hot end, the temperature profiles along the wall, the available lowest temperature as well as its oscillations and the coefficient of performance （COP） for IPPTC are presented. The formation of DC flow and its effects on the performance of the cooler are investigated and analyzed in detail. Turbulence, which is partially responsible for the poor overall performance of a single orifice pulse tube cooler （OPTC）, is found to be much reduced in IPPTC and its performance is improved significantly compared with the single OPTC.     

BaTi1-x—yNbxMnyO3半导体陶瓷PTC效应的研究

采用固相法制备了施主杂质Nb和受主杂质Mn共掺的BaTiO3基半导体复合陶瓷．通过对比实验结果，详细地分析了施主杂质和受主杂质的参杂效应对于BaTiO3基PTC陶瓷的室温电阻率和升阻比的影响，得到了充分利用BaTiO3基半导体复合陶瓷PTC效应较为理想的掺杂浓度范围．同时，比较Heywan与Ihring模型对于PTC效应的不同解释，根据原子价控理论和铁电效应补偿理论措一步分析了PTC效应的微观机制．较为完备地解释了PTC效应．     

PTC热敏电阻及其发展趋势

介绍了PTC材料的特性，以及PTC热敏电阻材料(BaTiO3系、V2O3系及高分子)；生产技术等方面的现状及今后的发展趋势。     

微波加热相转移催化安息香缩合反应

利用维生素B1为催化剂,PEG-6000作相转移催化剂,微波加热条件下研究了安息香缩合反应。实现了室温投料方式;考察了投料顺序、维生素B1用量、微波功率、微波时间、PH值、PEG-6000用量等影响安息香缩合反应产率的各种因素。最佳条件下,安息香产率可达70.9%。     

Design and preliminary experimental investigation of a 4 K Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler with precooling

A Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler （PTC） with precooling was designed and manufactured to investigate its performance at 4 K. Numerical simulation was carried out based on the well-known regenerator model REGEN with an emphasis on the performance of a 4 K stage regenerator of the Stifling-type PTC as influenced by the warm end temperature, pressure ratio, frequency and average pressure with helium-4 and helium-3 as the working fluid respectively. This study demonstrates that the use of a cold inertance tube can significantly improve the efficiency of a 4 K Stirling-type PTC. A preliminary experimental investigation was carried out with helium-4 as the working fluid and a refrigeration temperature of 4.23 K was achieved. The experimental results show that the operating frequency has a significant influence on the performance of the Stirling-type PTC and a relatively low average pressure is favorable for decreasing the loss associated with the real gas effects of a 4 K Stirling-type PTC.