医科大学临床病理专业教学改革的探索与实践

实施教学改革是培养高素质临床诊断病理学人才的关键。教学改革必须以提高学生的临床思维能力,培养分析问题和解决问题的综合素质为根本。本研究围绕临床诊断病理学的特点和规律,通过课程目标设计和教学方法多样化的改革,创新临床诊断病理学教学模式,为医学人才培养和课程体系改革提供有益探索。     

Scanning technology selection impacts acceptability and usefulness of image-rich content

Objective

Clinical and research usefulness of articles can depend on image quality. This study addressed whether scans of figures in black and white (B&W), grayscale, or color, or portable document format (PDF) to tagged image file format (TIFF) conversions as provided by interlibrary loan or document delivery were viewed as acceptable or useful by radiologists or pathologists.

Methods

Residency coordinators selected eighteen figures from studies from radiology, clinical pathology, and anatomic pathology journals. With original PDF controls, each figure was prepared in three or four experimental conditions: PDF conversion to TIFF, and scans from print in B&W, grayscale, and color. Twelve independent observers indicated whether they could identify the features and whether the image quality was acceptable. They also ranked all the experimental conditions of each figure in terms of usefulness.

Results

Of 982 assessments of 87 anatomic pathology, 83 clinical pathology, and 77 radiology images, 471 (48%) were unidentifiable. Unidentifiability of originals (4%) and conversions (10%) was low. For scans, unidentifiability ranged from 53% for color, to 74% for grayscale, to 97% for B&W. Of 987 responses about acceptability (n=405), 41% were said to be unacceptable, 97% of B&W, 66% of grayscale, 41% of color, and 1% of conversions. Hypothesized order (original, conversion, color, grayscale, B&W) matched 67% of rankings (n=215).

Conclusions

PDF to TIFF conversion provided acceptable content. Color images are rarely useful in grayscale (12%) or B&W (less than 1%). Acceptability of grayscale scans of noncolor originals was 52%. Digital originals are needed for most images. Print images in color or grayscale should be scanned using those modalities.     

Case Report： Adrenal myelolipoma within myxoid cortical adenoma associated with Conn＇s syndrome

The coexistence of myelolipoma within adrenal cortical adenoma is extremely rare, for both tumors present usually as separate entities. There are only 16 such cases reported worldwide. To the best of our knowledge, the case we reported here is the first one of myxoid adrenal cortical adenoma associated with myelolipoma reported. A 32-year-old Chinese woman with 4-year history of hypertension was presented in our study. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed a large heterogeneously-enhancing mass (4.5cm in diameter) in the left suprarenal region. Clinical history and laboratory results suggest a metabolic disorder as Conn's syndrome. The patient underwent a left adrenalectomy, and a histopathological study confirmed the mass to be a myxoid adrenal cortical adenoma containing myelolipoma. The patient was postoperatively well and discharged uneventfully. In the present case report, we also discuss the etiology of simultaneous myelolipoma and adrenal adenoma associated with Conn's syndrome, and the methods of the diagnosis and differential diagnosis.     

以岗位胜任力为导向的多元化课堂教学模式在基础医学课程中的应用——以病理学为例

当前医学教育以岗位胜任力为导向,以培养高能力、高素质的综合性应用型人才为目标,因此探索适应现代教育理念的课堂教学模式尤为重要。将多元化的课堂教学模式应用于病理学教学中,有助于将由知识传授为主的教育模式向以知识、能力、素质协调发展,突出能力培养的教育模式转变,培养出知识、技能、素质综合发展的复合创新型医学人才。     

中医药院校病理学PBL与案例混动式教学探索

PBL已成为我国医学教育改革发展的方向之一,但实行典型的PBL教学对我校目前的医学教育并不现实。课题组将PBL与案例混动式教学运用于我校病理学教学实践,现简述其具体实施过程和效果,并讨论了存在的问题和改进策略。     

病理学课程改革与学生学习的思考

目的：研究病理学现代化改革和整体优化的效果和作用。方法：采用问卷形式对181名本科学生进行调查。结果：学生对理论课学习、网络互动辅助实验学习、网络课程自主学习改革都很赞许。结论：我院病理学现代化改革和整体优化措施成效明显，值得推广。     

关于提高中医学专业病理学和病理生理学教学质量的几点思考

病理学和病理生理学属于医学基础课,同时是基础医学和临床医学之间的桥梁。我校病理教研室同时承担了病理学和病理生理学两门课程,其优势是教师能够从结构到功能,更完整地讲述疾病。在授课过程中发现,学生中仍然存在相关学科知识不能融会贯通、理论与临床脱节等问题。结合现代教学理论、教学方法的进展以及科学技术的发展,尤其是互联网技术的发展,如何形成一种新的适合中医院校病理学和病理生理学的教学模式,是目前亟待解决的难题。这种综合了微课与PBL优点的病例讨论教学模式,将基础与临床紧密结合起来,不同学科相互融合,可能是提高中医学专业病理学和病理生理学教学质量的有效方法。     

肺结节病的影像特征分析

目的总结肺结节病影像学特征,提高影像学对结节病的诊断水平。方法复习2002年11月至2005年12月搜集的9例肺结节病患者的病理和影像学资料。结果 9例中胸片示2例一侧肺门淋巴结肿大,6例肺纹理增多。5例CT表现为纵隔肺门淋巴结对称性肿大,肺内弥漫性结节影2例,粟粒结节灶1例。5例核医学显示肺门淋巴结肿大伴放射性代谢增高,9例显示为＂熊猫脸＂征伴＂λ＂征。3例PET-CT影像特征为淋巴结PDG代谢异常增高。9例均经支气管镜或胸腔镜和纵隔镜取病理证实。结论影像核医学和PET-CT检查手段是诊断肺结节病的可靠方法,结合病理检查诊断率高,值得临床推广应用。     

《中外医疗》投稿说明

1．稿件应具有科学性、先进性和实用性,论点明确、数据准确、逻辑严谨、文字通顺。 2．计量单位以国家法定计量单位为准;统计学符号按国家标准《统计学名词及符号》的规定书写。     

农学专业植物病理学教学中存在的问题与建议

本文以江西农业大学为例,对农学专业的植物病理学在理论教学、实验教学以及实习教学过程中存在的一些问题进行简要阐述,并结合实际教学情况提出相关教学建议。