指称人的动物隐喻的认知机制研究

基于＂大链条隐喻＂、跨域概念映射、认知突显观、相似性突显等理论和原则,本文具体讨论了指称人的动物隐喻的认知动因、工作机制和理解机制,为人类更好的认识自身提供了新的方法,具有重大的理论和现实意义。     

等式句与对等句之比较

等式句与对等句是两种从形式上看上去极为相似的句式。然而如果对其进行语义分析 ,它们是截然不同的。因此 ,文章试图从句子中名词词组的指称关系、句子的客观真值性 ,句中系动词的形式及其语义功能等方面对等式句与对等句加以分析比较     

罗素的摹状词理论探析

罗素的摹状词理论自提出以来，对逻辑学、语言学和哲学都产生了广泛而深刻的影响。本通过对罗素摹状词理论的来源及内容的介绍及其评述，其不容忽视的科学价值，肯定的同时，也分析了存在的不足。     

重视仰韶文化遗址历史信息的研究与借鉴

渑池仰韶文化遗址很出名,它传出的历史信息,值得研究。作为遗址的存在,它是人类创造历史的印记,是人类在认识世界和改造世界过程中文明和智慧的表现。其在人类居住环境和地域的选择上所传出的历史信息,对我们当今建设城镇和新农村具有很现实的参考价值。     

公共企事业单位信息公开诉讼研究——兼及《政府信息公开条例》第37条的分析

《政府信息公开条例》第37条规定了公共企事业单位信息公开的义务,并要求"参照"条例前36条执行.但是,现实中由于第37条规定的过于原则和对此的理解偏差而导致公共企事业单位信息公开救济途径频频受阻.在此背景下,不仅需要将第37条置于整个条例中进行定位,分析"参照"的涵义及"参照"适用的解释,也需要通过对"王聚才诉联通公司案"和"葛某某诉中国电信案"进行规范解读来寻求"参照"的法律依据和法理支撑,以此来印证公共企事业单位信息公开诉讼的可及性.     

Assessing the influence of personal preferences on the choice of vocabulary for natural language generation

Referring expression generation is the part of natural language generation that decides how to refer to the entities appearing in an automatically generated text. Lexicalization is the part of this process which involves the choice of appropriate vocabulary or expressions to transform the conceptual content of a referring expression into the corresponding text in natural language. This problem presents an important challenge when we have enough knowledge to allow more than one alternative. In those cases, we need some heuristics to decide which alternatives are more appropriate in a given situation. Whereas most work on natural language generation has focused on a generic way of generating language, in this paper we explore personal preferences as a type of heuristic that has not been properly addressed. We empirically analyze the TUNA corpus, a corpus of referring expression lexicalizations, to investigate the influence of language preferences in how people lexicalize new referring expressions in different situations. We then present two corpus-based approaches to solve the problem of referring expression lexicalization, one that takes preferences into account and one that does not. The results show a decrease of 50% in the similarity error against the reference corpus when personal preferences are used to generate the final referring expression.     

Semiotic mechanisms in joint cognitive activity

Abstract

This article examines the communicative, psychological, and semiotic functions of deictic, «common», and «context informative» referring expressions and their role in adult-child interaction. On the basis of theoretical discussion and empirical illustration it is suggested that adults find the various types of «referential perspective» invoked by these three types of expressions to be useful in creating and maintaining intersubjectivity that will enhance cognitive growth on the part of the children.     

创新机制的借鉴与思考

创新是现时代的主题之一,但创新不能仅仅是一句漂亮的口号,它有自己的特殊规律。关于创新机制的讨论,已经见到不少的文章。但作者认为西方一些著名科学哲学家关于科学创新的思想则相对少见,而他们的创新机制思想是很值得我们借鉴思考的。所以,作者将从这个角度,在描述他们的一些主要思想的基础上,提出自己的一些思考,以推动理论的进一步讨论。