学校发展规划实施与评估:西部五省的经验

相对于中国现有的中小学学校管理模式来说,学校发展规划(SDP)是一种新的学校管理理念与实践."西发项目"在西部五省项目校推行了SDP理念及其制定与实施,其对校长、教师、学生、社区、家长与学校管理产生了什么影响呢?本研究采用问卷调查与田野调查的方法收集资料,来评估SDP对学校利益相关者所产生的影响.研究分析发现,SDP对项目学校的管理理念和行动产生了影响,也激起了家长与社区参与学校管理的想法与行动.个案分析发现SDP本土化的推行具有与资源捆绑的倾向,利益相关者更多的看重SDP所能带来的利益,而不强调其观念的变革.现行的政府教育行政管理模式在很大程度上影响了SDP的执行.     

Examining the educative aims and practices of decision-makers in sport for development and peace organizations

Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) policy-makers and practitioners continue to offer ambitious claims regarding the potential role of sport-based programs for promoting social change. Yet, it is important to put sport under a critical lens in order to develop a more balanced and realistic understanding of the role of sport in society. Whether SDP programs result in positive or negative outcomes depends on the structures and processes of the implementing organizations. Hence, SDP researchers are paying more attention to the organizational approaches of these agencies. Scholars also argue the outcomes of SDP programs depend on the relationship of these organizations with broader community education and health promotion efforts. Despite the claims of many SDP programs, little remains known about the educational goals of these programs and their relationship with broader educational efforts. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to critically examine the role of education among a randomly selected sample of nonprofit SDP organizations in urban settings across the USA. Findings from in-depth interviews with 17 executive directors indicate a broad range of educative aims, but also innovative organizational practices, highlighting a salient relationship between education and SDP in the USA. Prominent themes emerged related to program models and organizational approaches, academic enrichment programming, partnerships with educational institutions and education-focused nonprofits, and educational outcomes. These findings are examined and implications for future SDP research are also discussed. Although important work is emerging in SDP literature on how educational values are delivered in these programs [Spaaij, R., & Jeanes, R. [2013]. Education for social change? A Freirean critique of sport for development and peace. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 18, 442–457], findings from this study also help stimulate a critical dialogue on the educative aims and practices of decision-makers in SDP organizations.     

用状态机控制SIP通信中语音编解码的协商

这篇论文研究用状态机控制SIP通信中语音编解码的协商,旨在实现用状态机控制SIP通信中服务器正确选择语音编解码,帮助服务器快速和正确实现种类繁多的语音编解码协商,进而真正意义上完成了SIP通信的语音编解码的协商工作。     

Reflections from a Hybrid Scholar

Abstract

In this paper, I reflect on my journey towards becoming a sport historian. I show how I find myself caught in the middle between sport history, sport management, and sport for development and peace (SDP), and how I essentially view myself as an SDP scholar. The paper further illustrate how I perceive the position of sport history in Norway, and argue that in order for sport history to grow or even continue as a subject in the Norwegian sport educations, we, the Norwegian sport historians, need to step up our game in terms of research and recruitment.     

基于MC9S08GB60单片机的超微量气体流量计设计

本文设计了一种基于MC9S08GB60单片机控制的超微量气体流量计。与传统气体流量计相比,它具有硬件电路简单可靠、测量参数全面、测量结果精确、可控性好等优点。论文详细阐述了该流量计的工作原理、软硬件设计及相关的技术问题。     

基于蓝牙的手机聊天室的设计与实现

蓝牙是一种实现短距离无线通讯的开放标准,本文以手机局域网聊天室为例阐述了蓝牙网络程序设计模式,并给出了手机聊天室的客户端和服务端的具体流程．以及相关的交互协议,使用蓝牙API的Java实现（JABWT）和线程技术来实现,为蓝牙设备的互联编程提供一定的借鉴意义．     

Shared leadership in sport for development and peace: A conceptual framework of antecedents and outcomes

A broad range of organizations are involved in the field of Sport for Development and Peace (SDP). The complex environmental factors and internal capacity challenges surrounding SDP organizations put additional pressures on SDP managers who are required to balance multiple organizational demands to achieve sustainable program outcomes. Although scholars have begun to explore managerial aspects of SDP efforts, literature on the nature of leadership in SDP remains scarce. In this article, therefore, the authors introduce the concept of shared leadership and arguments for why considering leadership as a collective phenomenon is of particular value in SDP. Specifically, a conceptual framework is developed to identify antecedents and outcomes of shared leadership in SDP. Nine propositions are presented along with a discussion of future areas of study regarding shared leadership in efforts to use sport as a means for achieving development and peace-building outcomes. Limitations of this leadership perspective are also outlined.     

IMS网络架构中SIP协议及SDP协议的研究分析

本文分别从IMS网络的整体架构和IMS网络业务体系结构两个角度分析了IMS的网络架构,并深入分析了用于创建会话的SIP协议,以及与SIP协议密切相关的用来描述会话信息的SDP协议的消息格式、方法等内容,并对IMS网络架构下的SIP协议简要分析。