比较铺垫效果和议题设置效果的发生机制

本文通过辨析议题设置和铺垫效果涉及的主要概念和发生机制,希望理清两种传播效果发生所要求的必要条件,揭示出已有研究中可能产生的误解。首先本文辨析了两种理论都涉及的主概念显著度所包含的两层含义,接着分析了两种传播效果在发生过程中不同的环节以及在每一个环节上发生相应作用要求的条件,最后基于以上分析作者提出了一系列值得进一步研究的问题。     

Professional ideology and physicians’ perceived disclosure patterns toward cancer patients

This study examined differences in physicians’ perceptions of their disclosure patterns toward cancer patients based on their professional ideological orientation. Adapting Strauss et al.’s (1964) sociotherapeutic (SCT) and somatotherapeutic (SMT) ideologies, it was hypothesized that physicians who strongly identified with the SCT ideology would perceive themselves as more willing to disclose the diagnosis to cancer patients and that there would be differences in the way and types of information presented depending on physicians’ ideological orientation. The findings suggest that physicians perceive choosing particular disclosure patterns based, in part, on their professional ideological orientations. Those who identify with a strong SCT orientation perceive themselves as more willing to disclose the diagnosis and provide some additional information to cancer patients and their families. Implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.     

注意假设对英语视听说课程设计的启示

注意假设从心理语言学和认知过程的角度,对第二语言教学中的许多问题提出了解决途径,指明了从提高语言输入质量到提高语言输出质量的有效方法。这一理念给英语视听说教学带来了同样重要的启示,将其应用于各学习阶段的视听说教学实践中,通过对目标语言结构的有意注意,使语言的输入更有价值、输出更有质量,进而促进学习者新语言的内化。这一理论可以帮助中小学教师对教学过程中出现的问题进行科学的反思,帮助他们完成从直觉教学到反思式教学的转变,有利于研究型英语教师的培养。     

When Talking Differences Makes Us Closer: Communicative Dynamics of Group Salience in Intergroup Contact

Group salience, although a key variable in generalizing contact effects toward the target out-group, often negatively affects the quality of intergroup contact. Countering this pessimistic view, we investigated whether or not communicatively-induced group salience could yield positive contact effects by inducing prosocial intergroup emotions and by increasing relational closeness with the out-group interactant in the context of cross-group friendships. A survey conducted with MTurk participants (N = 331) revealed that communicating group-related topics within intergroup friendships increased prosocial intergroup emotions, which was further predictive of relational closeness and intergroup prejudice. However, relational closeness showed no evidence of mediating the effect of prosocial emotions on intergroup prejudice. The results contribute to intergroup scholarship in expanding the discussion of the influence of communicative dimensions of salience on intergroup relations.     

从“世界主义”到“民族主义”--对现代中国社会思潮于延安《解放日报》改版前后之媒体显著性初探

现代中国的新闻宣传活动以报纸媒体为主要工具,办报人的思想观念在彼时社会思潮的裹挟下往往能在报到文章中寻得蛛丝马迹。通过从媒体显著性的外部元素来探究现代中国社会思潮在《解放日报》改版前后是否有显著变化,研究发现彼时从世界主义到民族主义的社会思潮变迁,综合体现在报道发生国家、消息来源、议程设置、报道方式、报道立场、社论文风等方面。     

英汉人体“部分——整体”转喻

转喻为人类一般的思维方式,是同一认知域中具有相邻或相关关系的两个事物中一个突显事物对另一事物的替代。英汉语言中均存在人体"部分"转喻"整体"的现象,即根据人的肢体、器官等的显著特征或职能对人物对象进行重新分类和再范畴化,但由于中西文化、思维方式和审美观等方面的差异,加之语言性质的不同,英汉人体转喻也出现不对称现象。     

Father and Daughter Motives and Satisfaction This article is based on the author's dissertation completed under the direction of Dr Rebecca Rubin. This paper was also presented at the annual National Communication Association Convention,Miami Beach,Florida in November 2003.

There are few studies in the communication discipline dealing with father–daughter relationships and methods for increasing satisfaction within these relationships. This study investigates the motives fathers and daughters have when communicating with each other and how these motives affect relationship satisfaction. Results indicated that daughters communicated mainly with their fathers for the following motives: affection, relaxation, pleasure, and inclusion. Fathers reported communicating with their daughters for pleasure, affection, and relaxation. Findings indicate a means of increasing satisfaction among father–daughter relationships by encouraging communication that incorporates statements of affection and pleasure.     

探究肯明斯诗歌的新奇效应

肯明斯赋予了其诗歌独特的诗形和深远的意义。Giora等人提出的最佳新奇等相关理论有助于分析诗歌语言的文体效应。本文主要是运用Giora的＂显性层级性假设＂来揭示肯明斯诗歌的最佳新奇效应的产生,从而更好地理解和欣赏其诗歌的写作风格。     

R&D Subsidies as Dual Signals in Technological Collaborations

We investigate the influence of public R&D subsidies on a firm’s likelihood to form technological collaborations. Using signaling theory, we conceptualize the award of a subsidy as a pointing signal (i.e., indicating a quality attribute that distinguishes the signaler from its competitors), and the monetary amount raised through a subsidy as an activating signal (i.e., activating the quality attribute of the signaler). Drawing on the attention-based view, we investigate whether the relative salience of these signals varies between two types of signal receivers: academic and corporate partners. Using a panel sample of Spanish manufacturing firms, our results indicate that the two types of receivers attend to the two signals differently: while academic partners attend to pointing signals only (sent by the award of a selective subsidy), corporate partners react to the richer information that activating signals provide (sent by the monetary value of both selective and automatic subsidies). Our results are stronger for SMEs vis-à-vis large firms, and hold after controlling for endogeneity, selection bias, simultaneity, attrition, inter-temporal patterns in technological collaborations, and the substantive effects of subsidies. The theorized and tested dual nature of subsidy-enabled signals and their different salience to distinct partner types hold interesting implications for research on alliances, innovation policy, and signals.