论二元经济思想与中国农村劳动力的转移

刘易斯因其在发展经济学上的突出贡献获得了诺贝尔经济学奖,他提出的二元经济思想也被广泛用于发展中国家的经济分析。我国是世界上最大的发展中国家,因此,如何正确看待刘易斯二元经济思想并分析当代中国经济,有着十分重要的理论和现实意义。本文通过分析刘易斯的二元经济思想,并结合二元经济模型来探讨中国的农村劳动力转移如何避免陷入“刘易斯陷阱”,实现农村劳动力的有效转移。     

短跗星花金龟体表元素的X射线荧光光谱检测

采用Ｘ射线荧光光谱仪对体表为古铜色并有金属光泽的短跗星花金龟进行了体表（背、腹面）无损多元素定性检测。样品灰化后，对其灰又进行了多元素定性检测。结果发现，此种金龟子体表所呈现的金属光泽与虫体含有较多的Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ有关。     

Anthropology,Socialist Prediction and William Morris's Commonweal

ABSTRACT

In the late nineteenth century a number of writers turned to anthropology to predict a socialist future. They included prominent revolutionary socialists such as Friedrich Engels, William Morris and members of the Socialist League. Contextualizing the appropriation of the anthropologist Lewis Henry Morgan by such writers, this article also pays particular attention to socialist popularizations of anthropology, particularly those by Morris and his fellow writers in his penny weekly, the Commonweal. Focusing on Morris's articles on ancient society helps to illuminate his own understanding of history, art and socialism. It also sheds new light on his predictive fiction News from Nowhere, which was originally read alongside Commonweal non-fiction. Both, I will argue, encouraged readers to see the future in the struggles of the ancient past.     

《苏格兰人的书》: 一部优秀的左翼历史小说

英国作家吉本的《苏格兰人的书》是一部优秀的左翼历史小说。作品立足农民、工人等劳苦大众,展示了苏格兰从农业社会到工业社会的历史变迁;反映了社会转型过程中劳动大众的苦难和精神空虚、孤独、无聊状态以及道德沦丧,对他们寄予深切同情;对资本主义制度进行了严厉批判。三部曲不仅是苏格兰现代化进程的历史隐喻,也是艺术表征人类社会发展史的文学经典。     

The Larger Project within Fantasy Literature: the Lewis/Pullman Divide

This article deals with Philip Pullman's insistence on the importance of the creative power of stories in education and the need for children to think deeper about texts than the surface plot; the suitability for fantasy literature to be used for this ‘larger project’ and the current power of children's fantasy, leading to Pullman's winning of the Whitbread Prize; and Pullman's vehement rejection of links between His Dark Materials and C.S. Lewis's Narnia books. Both series are influenced by Paradise Lost but read from their own religious position: Lewis is the conservative traditionalist and Pullman the liberal reformer. In both, Christian allegory is used to encourage deeper readings of the works. Ultimately, Pullman's criticism of Narnia draws attention to similarities between the two series and the power of both to provoke challenging questions rather than straightforward answers.     

Use of clustering techniques in deriving psychoeducational profiles

This study explores whether a synthesis of clinical and statistical data taken from the psychoeducational reports completed on a group of 42, 9- to 11-year-old boys referred to a Child Psychiatric Outpatient Department for school-learning problems, would yield discrete clinical categories or clusters of children. An amalgamated hierarchical clustering technique which formed clusters by subjects based on a measure of euclidean distance was used. Forty-two reports were evaluated by licensed educational psychologists in five input areas: Developmental History, School History, Cognitive Functioning, Sensorimotor/Perceptual Functioning, and Academic Achievement. One of three educational placement recommendations was identified for each subject: No Educational Placement Intervention Necessary, Special Tutoring or Remediation, and Special Class Placement. Using clinical characteristic ratings given by the evaluators on each variable, a similarity-dissimilarity matrix was formed which classified subjects into four discrete clusters based on their clinical profiles. A χ² test determined that there was a significant association (p < .01) between cluster membership and educational placement recommendations.     

时代呼唤大手笔

工业文明衰落、生态文明萌起已成为全球性主题,芒福德即此大潮最早的推动者。生态文明实质上是农业文明更高层次的自我复归。这种全球化背景中农业文化面临全面更新换代的任务。本译序结合芒福德学说要点和价值,讨论了中华文化更新的必要。美国系宗教理想政治化的产物,中华国家制度系家元宗法秩序的政治现实。人类发现新大陆和美洲冒险开发的意义不在于追求物质财富,而在于文化创新。美国是多种文化潮流融汇的产物,包括：中世纪神权中心瓦解,理性主义出现,宗教意义由戒律约束升为美德追求,启蒙运动发展和科学技术时代来临。既担当工业化前锋,又继承与反叛欧洲旧传统,这些要素决定了美国文化的双重性与生命力。中华文化中辩证逻辑发展超前而形式逻辑相对滞后,且习用辩证逻辑替代形式逻辑解释世界,以经验手段替代实验手段操作社会。辩证逻辑注重总体整合,形式逻辑注重局部剖析。前者重归纳,求终局合意;后者重分析,求程序合理。可见,东西方文化从胚胎期已各择道路。当此全球文化转型时代,正应观察两种文化如何及能否殊途同归;更应思考儒释道三教合一文化传统更新的必要与可能。     

对中国经济失衡问题的一些探讨

中国的经济正处于一种高速发展的阶段，本文主要对中国经济失衡问题及中国经济后续发展进行了一些探讨和预测，其中对涉及的流动性过剩及“刘易斯拐点”等问题也发表了自己的看法，希望本文能对关注中国经济发展的人士提供参考之用。     

重庆中长期劳动力变动及供需预测与启示

根据对第六次人口普查数据的分析计算,劳动力资源比重低、劳动参与率10年来持续下降以及劳动力人口年龄偏大、文化素质较低是重庆劳动力资源的现状;预测分析表明,劳动力规模下降趋势难以逆转,劳动力供求关系将从供过于求逐渐走向结构性供不应求是未来重庆劳动力供需发展的基本趋势。因此,应及时调整农村劳动力转移政策,加快产业升级、结构调整的步伐,加快农业现代化进程,建立统筹城乡的多层次、多形式的教育体系,并适时、适度调整人口政策。同时,目前影响我国区域人口规模的因素中总和生育率的影响越来越小,而迁移流动的影响越来越大,因此各地区应制定有吸引力的人口迁移政策,以在未来的劳动力资源争夺中占据优势地位。     

‘The Trees of Knowledge and Life Growing Together’ in the Educational Vision of C.S. Lewis: Why Medway and Stevens are Almost Right About Enlightenment and Romantic Values in English

Peter Medway’s paper ‘English and Enlightenment’ (Changing English, 2010) and David Stevens’ response to it, ‘Critically Enlightened Romantic Values and English Pedagogy: A Response to Peter Medway’ (Changing English, 2011), address the relative merits of the quest for truth and the place of aesthetic response in English. It is suggested here, however, that each paper contains the kernel of a counter-argument to the one being presented and that, taken together, both papers might be augmented by attention to The Abolition of Man – Reflections on education with special reference to the teaching of English in the upper forms of schools by C.S. Lewis. This article develops ideas introduced briefly in a previous issue of this journal and considers one important aim of English teaching in schools to be the fostering of ‘just sentiments’. It argues that educational values are necessary to augment Enlightenment and critically enlightened Romantic values if English teachers are to facilitate spiritual as well as moral development and do justice to the diversity of both the texts and the students they teach.