'She just got me’: supporting care experienced young people negotiating relationships and identities at school

In this article we examine the complex relationship between care experience, mental health and exclusion from school and how young people (YP) negotiate these different experiences and identities. The study is a secondary analysis, informed by symbolic interactionist theory, of interviews conducted with 19 care experienced YP in Scotland. Not all of the YP were excluded and not all had a formal mental health diagnosis, as such our study design allows interrogation of the contexts and relationships which not only facilitate but also disrupt pathways to exclusion. It also allows reconsideration of assumptions of vulnerability which are often applied to care experienced YP. Our findings suggest that these YP are moving beyond ‘role playing’ the identities ascribed to them and actively seek out relationships which enable them to construct alternative identities.     

完善有中国特色的沉默权制度

沉默权制度有默示沉默权制度和明示沉默权制度之分,其适用阶段也各有不同。本文认为,中国不宜实行明示沉默权制度,因为其既未体现真正的平等和公平,又不利于打击犯罪和保护人民,也无法根除刑讯逼供这一司法顽症。中国现行法律既存的有关法律条文基本符合默示沉默权制度的构成要件,但还存在缺陷。为此,要确立自白任意性规则;确立非法证据排除规则;建立和完善证人出庭作证的规则,实施直接言词原则建立和完善监督保障机制;完善律师辩护制度。确保默示沉默权制度的落实。坚持“公正与效率”的司法工作主题,创建让世人耳目一新的刑事司法制度。     

‘The feeling of exclusion’: Young peoples' perceptions of art galleries

This article first looks at the relationship between museums and art galleries and their potential audiences and, in particular, the under-represented sector of young visitors. It examines the main findings from the limited research available on young visitors, and goes on to discuss theories delineating the differences between the cultures, identities and values of culture consumers and culture providers. The second part of the article looks at what specific museums have done towards being more inclusive in their appeal, and then reports the findings of a survey of young people in relation to New Zealand's Auckland Art Gallery. The survey found that young people's ideas of what constitutes modern, relevant art do not match standard art criteria, and that most exhibitions and marketing methods do not mesh with their worldview. The article concludes by using data from the survey to suggest ways of engaging more young people with public art galleries.     

Nurturing Authority

When considering the role of local journalism in a networked media environment, it is crucial to examine how audiences attribute news with the power to define social knowledge. In particular, television news programs need to appeal to audiences by reinforcing a sense of local journalistic authority to assert the parameters of who and what is worthy of coverage. This article presents the findings from interviews with a range of commercial television news viewers in Sydney, Australia. It positions viewership in the context of people’s wider engagement with news, and in relation to their interpersonal and digital social interactions. The paper argues that local audiences have conflicting attitudes to the role of television news, both contesting and re-inscribing the programs with the power to demarcate social, political, and cultural knowledge. It traces how local audiences challenge the ability of news to convey boundaries within the community through processes of exclusion, connecting the contestations to the lived experiences of the individuals. It identifies that television news programs nurture journalistic authority in terms of their local relevance, and it contributes insights on the significance of local news by engaging with the means by which audiences themselves attach social power to journalism.     

Mapping the educational experiences of children with pathological demand avoidance

‘Pathological demand avoidance’ (PDA) describes a pattern of difficulties increasingly recognised as forming part of the autistic spectrum. Although clinical reports suggest that children with PDA are likely to experience considerable difficulties in education, their educational experiences have not yet been explored in any systematic way. In the current study, 42 parents of children with PDA completed a questionnaire about their child's educational experiences. Parents' responses indicated that this group of children displays high levels of problem behaviours in school, and receives corresponding high levels of special educational need support and professional involvement. Despite this support, the group had experienced high rates of exclusion and placement breakdown, with only 48% now in mainstream education. Parents reported relatively high satisfaction in their children's educational placements, with success defined by parents in terms of child outcomes, school characteristics and PDA‐specific factors. Findings are discussed with reference to what is known about the educational experiences of children with more typical autism spectrum conditions and in terms of the implications for the inclusion of this group of children with complex needs.     

Community sport and social inclusion: international perspectives

Abstract

This opening article examines the relationship between community sport and social inclusion in research and practice. We discuss the notion of community sport, its multifarious meanings and diverse applications in different parts of the world. We further explore the conceptual and practical links between community sport and different conceptions of social inclusion. In doing so, the article draws together key themes, issues and debates addressed in the collection of articles in this special issue. We conclude by formulating implications and directions for future research and practice.     

Exploring school exclusion through the perspective of child labourers living in Sultanbeyli,on the periphery of Istanbul,Turkey

This study employs a socio-ecological perspective to explore the impact of the community, school environment and personal circumstances of young people living in the squatter district of Sultanbeyli in Istanbul, Turkey, who have been excluded from school and who are working in very difficult conditions. The views explored in this paper are derived from semi-structured interviews that covered the reasons for their exclusion. The findings show that the elimination of poverty and the provision of universal education are linked and that one cannot be achieved without the other. The impact of poverty on the processes of school exclusion requires greater recognition, because it helps to perpetuate an intergenerational cycle of social and educational disadvantage. In the case of these young people from Sultanbeyli, the school system has failed to contribute to their inclusion; instead, it has further increased their marginal, disadvantaged position by unintentionally pushing them into the worst forms of child labour and criminality.     

创作方法废弃论商榷

20世纪80年代之后中国文艺理论界有一种主张废弃创作方法的观点.废弃论的理由难以成立作家的创作经验证明,创作过程中作家往往自觉地遵循某种原则;用"风格"取代"创作方法"不可行,它们二者是交叉关系.创作方法的涵义应该单纯,应该回到歌德和席勒所确定的涵义.     

嗜硫色谱法提取蕲蛇蛇毒中酶组分

本文介绍了应用嗜硫色谱提取蕲蛇蛇毒中蛋白组分的效果，并对该组分进行部分表征，鉴定了该组分的抗凝血效果和蛋白酶活性。     

层析Al2O3循环利用方案

对用于柱色谱分离的填充材料Al2O3，采用清洗、过筛、调节pH值、净化、干燥和活化处理，对获得的Al2O3进行物理性状测试和柱色谱性能研究。结果发现经过煅烧和微波辐射的Al2O3物理性状符合实验要求，对靛酚和甲基橙分离性能良好，两者之间的比移值Rf范围在8．6～9．3，可以采用该工艺对Al2O3进行循环利用。