浅谈修辞在英语中的应用

修辞是英语语言表达中最重要的组成部分之一,恰当地使用修辞方式可以使英文写作更生动,更有表现力。本文通过对英语语言中的修辞格,如明喻、暗喻、夸张等多种修辞方法的分别列举,论述了英语学习者正确理解和使用修辞格的重要意义。     

英语Metonymy、Synecdoche和Antonomasia与汉语“借代”比较探析

Metonymy、Synecdoche 和 Antonomasia 是英语中三种"借代"辞格,"旁借"和"对代"是汉语中两种"借代"辞格。探析和比较了英语的"借代"和汉语的"借代"以及英汉语双语之间的"借代"关系。并指出了它们之间的特点和异同点。从原有带"喻"字命名的基础上,重新命名了英语的"借代",以减少学习者的错觉和困惑,并认为Metonymy 与"旁借"大致相等同,synecdoche 和 Antonomasia 与"对代"大致相等同。     

报刊英语中借代与提喻分析

报刊英语中使用借代与提喻两种修辞手法,可以更好地突出其新闻特征,更加促使语言生动形象,更加引起读者的兴趣和联想。本文通过对报刊英语中借代与提喻两种普通而特别的现象进行归类分析,力求将其联想特质和表现特点理清,为深刻理解含义和恰当转换翻译提供佐证。     

Toward a collective rhetoric rooted in choice: Consciousness raising in the Boston Women’s Health Book Collective’s Ourselves and Our Children

Contemporary feminists struggle over “choice.” A central demand of the second wave, some feminists insist on the continued significance of choice to their activism and theorizing; others are critical of the term, arguing that an emphasis on choice diverts attention from political issues and blames women for the oppressions they experience. The tension at the root of this debate is echoed in feminist theorizing about consciousness raising. In her germinal essay “The Rhetoric of Women’s Liberation: An Oxymoron,” Campbell argues that through consciousness raising, feminists illuminated the political underpinnings of women’s personal problems and prompted collective activism aimed at finding structural solutions to those problems, all the while affirming the centrality of choice to women’s lives. What Campbell left unstated, however, is how a process based in choice will promote a political, collective response. In this essay, I offer an analysis of the 1978 volume Ourselves and Our Children, arguing that the consciousness raising modeled therein illuminates broad patterns of political oppression, urges a collective response to those oppressions, and embraces choice. Based in a recognition of the synecdochic nature of the “personal is political” adage, this analysis offers insights into feminist debates over choice and resolves a lacuna in theorizing about consciousness raising.     

Eisenhower and the American Sublime

This essay presents Dwight D. Eisenhower's presidential rhetoric as an iteration of an American synecdochal sublime. Eisenhower's rhetoric sought to re-aim civic sight beyond corporeal objects to the nation's transcendental essence. This rhetoric is intimately connected to prevailing political anxieties and exigencies, especially the problem of “the Bomb” and the related philosophy of deterrence. Over and against the material presence of the atomic bomb, which threatened to concentrate national energies, Eisenhower advanced an expansive vision of national “spiritual” being to which corporeal images could only gesture. Correlatively, he positioned himself as a kind of priestly mediator. Therefore, he not only justified a strong deterrent stance in the Cold War, but made moral sense of it.     

Imagine There's No President: The Rhetorical Secret and the Exposure of Valerie Plame

Covering a wide range of public discourse from 2003 to 2010 about CIA agent Valerie Plame, this essay contributes a novel rhetorical theory of secrets. By contrast to other critiques of the Bush-era secrecy that focus on policies the administration kept concealed from the public, I suggest that rhetoric is the means by which subjects figure the secret, to be understood as knowledge in the fact that the subject cannot know. To make this argument, I draw on the theoretical tools of psychoanalysis and the rhetorical tropes of repetition, caesura, and synecdoche.     

Synecdoche例话

文章采用大量英美文学作品中的实例,阐明英语辞格“Synecdoche”的借代关系、修辞效果及其与其他类似辞格的比较。学习、掌握该辞格对阅渎和欣赏英语文学原著颇有帮助。     

汉语修辞格中的“借喻”和“借代”与英语中的Metonymy，Antonomasia and Synecdoche

通过对汉语修辞格中的借喻和借代与英语语言学中的Metonymy,Antonomasia和Synecdoche的比较和对比,阐明几者之间的关系,即：英语中的Metonymy并不等同于汉语的“借喻”,而是在修辞层面上与汉语的“借代”相对应;英语中的Antonomasia只是Metonymy的一种,即以专名代泛称,英语中的Synecdoche同样也只是Metonymy的一种类型。即以部分代整体或整体代部分。     

汉英代类辞格的比较与翻译

借代是英、汉语中的第二大修辞格。英汉两种语言代类辞格虽各有特点,但这两种语言的代类辞格类型大体相当;因此英汉两种语言的代类辞格具有互译性,其互译的效度主要取决于在语境的关照下原语借体的国俗语义含量。     

《诗经·王风·扬之水》三题

周王朝为了争夺铜资源,不惜长时间地派遣王师戍守申、甫、许等诸侯国。久而久之戍守申、甫、许便成为征戍者心目中艰难与无奈的代名词了,而诗中所用的恰恰是这样的借代之义;同名篇章研究的音乐指向无疑是正确的,但在没有乐谱的情况下,这一方向的研究必须限定于推想与推定的范畴;本篇把情绪落点停留在了思的阶段,而没有走向怨乃至愤的层面。