在普通高校建立高层次体育人才培养体制的探讨

本文运用文献资料、专家访谈对我国高层次体育人才培养体制现状进行了分析研究，指出其在培养数量．质量、办学体制上存在困难，同时对我国普通高校建立高层次体育人才培养体制的可行性进行了论证．最后提出了普通高校以培养复合型体育管理、经营、科研人才为主，专业性体育院校以培养竞技体育训练．科研人才为主，综合性师范院校以培养高层次体育师资为主的我国高层次体育人才培养体制．     

Chaos theory, informational needs, and natural disasters

This study applies chaos theory to a system-wide analysis of crisis communication in a natural disaster. Specifically, we analyze crisis communication during the 1997 Red River Valley flood in Minnesota and North Dakota. This flood, among the worst in modern American history, consumed entire metropolitan areas, displacing thousands of people. The conditions and decisions leading to the disaster, and the subsequent reactions are retraced. Communication related to river crest predictions (fractals), the shock at the magnitude of the crisis (cosmology episode), novel forms of reorganizing (self-organization), and agencies that aided in establishing a renewed order (strange attractors) are evaluated. Ultimately, we argue that preexisting sensemaking structures favoring rationalized, traditional views of a complex system led officials to make inappropriately unequivocal predictions and ultimately diminished the effectiveness of the region's crisis communication and planning.     

对实施人才强市战略的思考

本文从人才学角度分析了惠州市人才队伍的现状, 指出了实施人才战略是适应惠州经济社会发展的需要, 并提出了在实施人才战略的一些具体构想。     

Positional group significantly influences the offensive and defensive skill involvements of junior representative rugby league players during match play

This study examined the skill involvements of three positional groups across a junior representative rugby league season. Data were collected from 45 rugby league players (mean ± SD; age = 16.5 ± 1.0 years) currently participating in the Harold Matthews and SG Ball Cup. Players were subdivided into hit-up forwards, adjustables and outside backs. The frequency (n · min^?1) of offensive, defensive and overall involvements was coded for each group using a notation system and a practical coach skill analysis tool. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed a significant effect of playing position on skill involvements (F = 9.06; P < 0.001; ES = 0.41). Hit-up forwards performed a significantly greater frequency of offensive (0.31 ± 0.10), defensive (0.42 ± 0.15) and overall involvements (0.74 ± 0.19) when compared to adjustables (0.20 ± 0.08, 0.28 ± 0.08 and 0.52 ± 0.15, respectively) and outside backs (0.20 ± 0.12, 0.11 ± 0.07 and ± 0.31 ± 0.17, respectively). Further, adjustables performed a significantly greater number of defensive (0.28 ± 0.08) and overall involvements (0.52 ± 0.15) when compared to outside backs (0.11 ± 0.07 and 0.31 ± 0.17, respectively). The findings of this study suggest that it is important to consider a junior player’s positional group when analysing their skill involvements. Information gained from this study could assist in the design of specific training methodologies for junior rugby league players in high-level talent development programmes.     

Development of perceived competence,tactical skills,motivation, technical skills,and speed and agility in young soccer players

ABSTRACT

The objective of this 1-year, longitudinal study was to examine the development of perceived competence, tactical skills, motivation, technical skills, and speed and agility characteristics of young Finnish soccer players. We also examined associations between latent growth models of perceived competence and other recorded variables. Participants were 288 competitive male soccer players ranging from 12 to 14 years (12.7 ± 0.6) from 16 soccer clubs. Players completed the self-assessments of perceived competence, tactical skills, and motivation, and participated in technical, and speed and agility tests. Results of this study showed that players’ levels of perceived competence, tactical skills, motivation, technical skills, and speed and agility characteristics remained relatively high and stable across the period of 1 year. Positive relationships were found between these levels and changes in perceived competence and motivation, and levels of perceived competence and speed and agility characteristics. Together these results illustrate the multi-dimensional nature of talent development processes in soccer. Moreover, it seems crucial in coaching to support the development of perceived competence and motivation in young soccer players and that it might be even more important in later maturing players.     

关于复旦大学面试的一些思考

目前的人才选拔和培养体制过于片面和功利,不利于创新型人才的培养。复旦大学和上海交通大学的面试录取形式,是我国高考录取体制和方式的重大改革,如能坚持和不断改进,将具有里程碑意义。     

Results of an assessment to identify potential barriers to sustainable agriculture on American Indian reservations in the Western United States

Purpose: This paper reports the results of survey research conducted with tribal producers between 2011 and 2012 on 19 of the largest American Indian reservations in Idaho, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, and Washington. The purpose of the research was to identify potential barriers to sustainable agriculture on reservation lands. This article reports the results of this research in an effort to promote Extension professionals' understanding of these barriers, which may help to improve outreach programs on American Indian reservations. Understanding the obstacles to sustaining agriculture that American Indian tribes face may inform international agricultural outreach efforts to increase food security targeting indigenous and tribal peoples worldwide.

Design/Methodology/Approach: American Indian agricultural producers comprised the study group. Study objectives included: (1) identify agricultural and natural resource issues of greatest concern to a self-selected sample of tribal agricultural producers on reservation lands; (2) evaluate access to Extension and other US Department of Agriculture outreach and assistance programs; and (3) evaluate the quality of these programs in terms of their relativity to tribal needs.

Findings: Study results indicate that tribal agricultural producers surveyed ranked 29 of 39 agricultural and natural resource issues as a concern. Similarly, they rated access to and quality of outreach programs as fair. Further, tribal producers operating on reservation trust land rated issues more severely than did tribal producers operating on fee simple lands.

Practical Implications: Results of this research will help Extension and other outreach professionals to understand the barriers indigenous and tribal peoples face in sustaining agricultural operations, particularly tribal groups living on federally reserved trust lands, such as American Indians. An increased understanding can inform agricultural policy-makers and outreach professionals in improving programs designed to increase agricultural sustainability, improve food security, enhance economic well-being and improve quality of life of indigenous and tribal peoples worldwide.

Originality/Value: This research provides important information to agricultural policy-makers and Extension professionals striving to sustain agricultural productivity and enhance food security with indigenous and tribal peoples.     

高职应用电子技术专业人才培养规格和课程体系改革的研究与实践

随着知识经济和经济全球化时代的来临，通信技术和信息高速公路得到了快速发展，带来了产业结构的调整和电子行业工作岗位的变化，电子技术应用型人才需求由操作型、技能型向智能型、技术型转化，向高层次、复合型、综合性、多样性发展。金华职业技术学院对现有的高职应用电子技术专业人才培养规格和课程体系进行了一系列改革与实践，探索了适应社会经济发展和科学技术进步需要的高等技术应用性专门人才的培养模式。     

高职人才培养目标定位的新思考

大众化高等教育背景下,单一的精英型技能人才目标不仅不切实际,也不能满足学生多样化成才需要,应将高职人才培养目标定位为人力资源开发。在技术日新月异的新时代,高职应适当拓宽人才培养基础,加强学生的通识能力培养,并树立大市场观念,不仅考虑行业企业用人单位的需要,还应考虑学生的需要,摒弃单一的技术理性思维,激发学生自我成才动机,培养学生的创造性。随着企业生产组织方式的变迁,高职人才培养目标应作出相应调整。     

工学结合模式下光电技术人才培养探索

工学结合是新形势下职业教育人才培养模式改革的重要方向,是职业院校培养高技能人才的有效方式之一。特别在光电技术专业人才培养中,更要加强与企业的有机结合,以就业为导向,以光电专业职业能力培养为核心,以学生综合素质提高为目标,通过工学结合培养高技能人才。