An ordinary moonlighting activity? Determinants of the provision of private tutoring by Czech schoolteachers

Teacher moonlighting (teachers working other jobs in addition to teaching) may have positive as well as negative implications. In the context of post-socialist countries, the provision of private tutoring is one of the common forms of teacher moonlighting. The aim of the paper is to analyse the prevalence and factors that are associated with a) having a paid job in addition to one’s regular teaching obligations; b) provision of private tutoring among teachers. Results are drawn from a representative sample of 494 Czech teachers of academic school subjects in lower secondary schools who responded to an online questionnaire survey. Male teachers working part-time, with shorter professional experience, higher household financial burden and lower satisfaction with teacher salaries were more likely to moonlight. The provision of private tutoring was only associated with shorter professional experience and the teaching of core subjects, suggesting that Czech teachers’ motivation to provide private tutoring is currently not primarily financial.     

Teachers’ self-efficacy and intercultural classroom practices in diverse classroom contexts: A cross-national comparison

This cross-national study provides new insights in teacher efficacy in today’s culturally diverse classrooms using survey data of 269 early childhood and primary school teachers in England, Italy, the Netherlands and Poland. Teacher efficacy can be viewed as a two dimensional concept in which both general beliefs are measured alongside (diversity-related) domain-specific beliefs. These beliefs are related to the cultural classroom context and the use of intercultural classroom practices. Our results indicate that policies and professional development targeted at the reciprocal relation between diversity-related efficacy and practices are important when preparing teachers for working in diverse classroom contexts.     

Individual and cultural factors in teachers’ attitudes towards inclusion: A meta-analysis

The success of inclusive education is dependent upon classroom teachers implementing adaptations for children with disabilities. Given that willingness to make such adaptations is influenced by teacher attitudes, the current study examined teachers’ attitudes towards inclusive education through a meta-analysis of 64 samples that were found via a systematic literature search. The results indicated that teachers hold a positive attitude towards inclusion of children with disabilities in mainstream schools and that these attitudes are moderated by an interplay of cultural and demographical factors. The findings offer a renewed basis for intervention research into improving educational opportunities for children around the world.     

杭州市老年人体育锻炼的特点和现状的调查研究

通过献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法，对目前杭州市老年人的生活特点、体育锻炼的目的、内容方式和影响制约老年人进行锻炼的因素进行分析，总结杭州市老年人参与体育锻炼的特点和现状。并通过分析，提出更加合理与科学的锻炼方法，从而能使老年人的锻炼更加有意义，使老年的生命更有质量。     

体育真义论

首先对体育能够增强体质，祛病保健，益寿延年的传统信条提出质疑，通过对体育的基本属性和两大种差特点的分析，提出体育是旨在强化体能的非生产性人体活动这一新概念。     

关于学校体育运动事故防止对策的研究--以日本的事故实际状态为线索

随着科学技术的不断进步，人们的生活水平得到了显提高。业余时间的增加，使得人们对体育运动、活动的热情不断高涨，与此同时，体育运动事故也不断增加。有鉴于此，章以日本的学校体育运动事故实际状况为线索，从防止事故发生和安全管理的观点出发，把握、分析事故发生的主要原因，并提出建议。     

大学生体育活动兴趣与健身效应探讨

通过对大学生体育活动兴趣的调查与分析,探讨体育活动兴趣对增进大学生身心健康的积极作用与效应。实验表明:对体育有明显兴趣的学生较对照组的心理特征和心理负荷效应、身体素质有显著性差异。     

高校弱势群体学生体育活动现状调查与分析

采用问卷调查法和常规统计法，对高校弱势群体学生体育活动现状进行调查。结果发现，学校对弱势群体学生的体育活动重视不够；没有一所学校有保障弱势群体学生参加体育活动的规章制度；近六成的弱势群体学生不经常参加体育活动。建议体育教师应掌握弱势群体学生的活动特点，积极开展传统体育项目。     

大学生体育创造力的初步研究

高校体育课教学内容、结构不适应大学生创造力发挥需要、体育教师在创造性教学过程中主导意识不明确是影响学生体育创造力发挥的主要因素;课外体育活动中缺乏科学指导是影响大学生体育创造活动的重要因素;观众效应、适宜创造力发挥的教学情境也是影响大学生体育创造力发挥的重要因素。建立符合大学生身心发展规律的创造力培养途径势在必行。建议全面提高高校体育教师培养学生创造力的能力,改善大学生在体育活动中创造需要得不到满足的情况。     

福建省肥胖大学生课外体育活动的现状调研

通过对福建省十所普通高校的肥胖大学生课外体育活动的现状进行调查与分析，结果表明：肥胖大学生参加课外体育活动的主要动机是想减肥健身、提高身体素质和娱乐身心等，但实际课外体育活动的现状不尽如人意，被调查参加课外体育活动3次/周以上仅占13.3％，每次运动时间30min以上仅占68.3%，且所选择的活动项目比较单一，缺少一些针对性的内容，也缺乏适宜运动强度的知识，难以达到减肥的效果。肥胖自身存在的问题、缺少场地器材、学习紧张、余暇时间少、缺少理论知识与实践指导、缺少伙伴、缺乏组织管理等是造成肥胖大学生课外体育活动现状不佳的主要因素，结合现状提出改善肥胖大学生课外体育活动现状相应的对策。