肉毒毒素治疗偏侧面肌痉挛伴同侧耳鸣患者的临床观察

目的观察肉毒毒素治疗偏侧面肌痉挛伴同侧耳鸣患者的疗效。方法治疗和随访7年半194例偏侧面肌痉挛伴同侧耳鸣患者,经A型肉毒毒素面肌局部注射治疗后杂音有无缓解组间的相关因素比较。统计采用SAS软件包进行检验。结果经A型肉毒毒素面肌局部注射治疗后65/194例(33．51%)杂音完全或明显缓解。与症状无缓解组比较,两组间比较痉挛分级4级各占56/65和124/129,P＜0．05：杂音分级3/2/1各为36/24/5和101/23/5例,P＜0．01。结论A型肉毒毒素面肌局部注射使1/3患者症状缓解。似痉挛和杂音较轻患者易获效。     

Learning for Everyday Life: Pupils’ conceptions of hearing and knowledge about tinnitus from a teaching–learning sequence

As a result of young people frequently exposing themselves to loud sounds, researchers are advocating education about the risks of contracting tinnitus. However, how pupils conceive of and learn about the biological aspects of hearing has not been extensively investigated. Consequently, the aim of the present study is to explore pupils’ learning about hearing and tinnitus. Pupils in Grades 4, 7, and 8 (aged 10–11, n = 48; aged 12–13, n = 71; aged 13–14, n = 80) were studied. The pupils’ learning was evaluated in connection with a teaching intervention based on a teaching–learning sequence (TLS) about sound, hearing, and health. In pre‐, post‐, and delayed post‐tests, pupils were asked to use drawing and writing to express their answer to the question: ‘What happens to a sound that has reached your ear?’ A questionnaire concerning tinnitus, experiences of tinnitus, and listening behaviour was also given. The results show that the pupils’ knowledge of hearing and tinnitus had increased as a result of the intervention and that this knowledge was well retained one year later. The pupils in Grade 4 learned just as much as the older pupils, although it was more difficult for them to understand cell structures and causal chains. To conclude, pupils are capable of learning about hearing and tinnitus already at the age of 10–11. Knowledge of hearing and tinnitus may be an important prerequisite for conceptualizing the risk of being exposed to loud sounds.     

听力正常耳鸣患者的诱发性耳声发射

目的:分析耳鸣与耳蜗毛细胞早期损害的关系,探讨耳鸣的客观检查手段.方法:实验组为40例(66耳)纯音听力正常的耳鸣患者,对照组为40例(80耳)听力正常无耳鸣的正常人,二组均行诱发性耳声发射检查:瞬态耳声发射(TEOAE)和畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)检查.结果:1.TEOAE通过率,对照组为100%,实验组为42.4%,两组有显著性差异(P＜0.01);2.DPOAE通过率,对照组为100%,实验组为51.5%,两组有显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论:部分听力正常的耳鸣患者已有耳蜗毛细胞的损害;TEOAE及DPOAE可以作为外周性耳鸣诊断的一种客观检测方法.     

听力正常耳鸣患者治疗前后诱发性耳声发射的临床研究

目的:分析耳鸣与耳蜗毛细胞早期损害的关系,以及听力正常耳鸣患者治疗后基本痊愈和显效的病耳耳蜗毛细胞恢复情况。方法:40例(66耳)纯音听力正常的耳鸣患者,行诱发性耳声发射检查:瞬态耳声发射(TEOAE)和畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)检查,并对耳鸣患者给予相应治疗,对基本痊愈和显效的病耳治疗前DPOAE或TEOAE未通过的复查DPOAE或TEOAE。结果:①治疗前TEOAE检查28耳通过,38耳未通过;DPOAE检查34耳通过,32耳未通过;②经治疗,38耳治疗前TEOAE检查未通过的患耳基本痊愈和显效的病耳有15耳,复查TEOAE,3耳通过;32耳DPOAE检查未通过的患耳基本痊愈和显效的病耳有13耳,复查DPOAE,4耳通过。结论:部分听力正常的耳鸣患者已有耳蜗毛细胞的损害,而且不易恢复。