Conceptualising the heterogeneity of research-based spin-offs: A multi-dimensional taxonomy

Research-based spin-offs (RBSOs) have become an important aspect of the technology transfer process. Emanating from what is conventionally a non-commercial environment, RBSOs pose major challenges if they are to realise their potential to meet the objectives of their founders and the parent research organisations (PROs) from which they emerge. An important issue is to understand the heterogeneity of RBSOs. This paper reviews the literature on RBSO typologies to develop a taxonomy of RBSOs. We identify common themes in relation to these typologies in relation to (1) spin-off creation and (2) spin-off development. The dimensions that differentiate between firms are the type of resources, the business model and the institutional link. We identify gaps in current typologies in order to propose avenues for future conceptual and empirical research.     

Analyzing interdisciplinarity: Typology and indicators

Both funding agencies and scholars in science studies have become increasingly concerned with how to define and identify interdisciplinarity in research. The task is tricky, since the complexity of interdisciplinary research defies a single definition. Our study tackles this challenge by demonstrating a new typology and qualitative indicators for analyzing interdisciplinarity in research documents. The proposed conceptual framework attempts to fulfill the need for a robust and nuanced approach that is grounded in deeper knowledge of interdisciplinarity. As an example of using the framework, we discuss our empirical investigation of research proposals funded by a national funding agency in Finland.     

领纳历史回归传承--继承传统在建筑设计教学中的具体化运用

如何传承传统建筑文化一直是建筑设计教学中面临的重要课题。在具体的教学过程中,除了宣言式的方向指引外,更需要不断总结各种具体的操作手法,使学生们务实地将其建筑观实现于作品之中。建筑类型学的手法、意匠的传承、新现代主义手法、对比均是可以借鉴的、可以实际操作的设计手法。在这里,笔者抛砖引玉,以承来者。     

The Case for e-Book Literacy: Undergraduate Students' Experience with e-Books for Course Work

This paper investigates how electronic books (e-books) are used for scholarly activity. It focuses on the end-users of e-books in a case study which aimed to establish how scholars use and learn from e-books and the limitations of academic e-books.     

How do educational systems regulate the teaching profession and teachers’ work? A typological approach to institutional foundations and models of regulation

This cross-national study contributes to the comparative literature on institutional variations in the regulation of the teaching profession by developing a theoretical typology articulated around teacher education, labor market regulation, and the division of labor. Drawing on Freidson’s work on professionalism in the field of sociology of professions, our typology highlights four models of regulation – the ‘market’, the ‘rules’, the ‘training’, and the ‘professional skills’ models. We discuss how these models, embedded in a bureaucratic, market-oriented or professional approach, shape the regulation of the teaching profession and teachers’ work in different contexts.     

英语仪式性演讲的汉译研究:文本类型理论视角

根据演讲的目的,可以将演讲分为知识性演讲、说服性演讲、仪式性演讲等几类。仪式性演讲在各类特殊场合扮演着重要角色。随着国际交流日趋频繁,仪式性演讲的翻译也显得至关重要,理应引起重视。仪式性演讲作为一种集实用性和艺术性于一体的特殊文本,对其翻译应有特殊的方法,这正是文本类型理论的内涵所在。拟以赖斯的文本类型理论为指导,结合实例,从音韵修辞、语义修辞和结构修辞三个层面探讨仪式性演讲的汉译,希望为演讲英语的汉译研究提供新的视角。     

功能文本类型理论视角下的公示语翻译--以广西公示语为例

以纽马克的文本类型理论为出发点,探讨公示语的文本类型。作为一种具备感召功能的文本,对公示语翻译时要做到以读者为核心,以文本效果为目的,并在此基础上根据具体情况采用灵活多变的翻译方法。     

现当代图书馆学人的类型学研究初探

传统图书馆学术史多分代考论现代图书馆学人,而代际分类却忽视了图书馆学家的不同群体特征。类型学在图书馆建筑、苏联图书馆学、文献学等有较为广泛的运用,而目前国内学界对不同图书馆学人的类型特质则认识不足。图书馆学人类型学研究的难点是确定类型划分的标准,文中提出现代图书馆学人可以按照对学科建设的贡献、学术影响力、人生资历等划分为四个层面,即现代图书馆学先驱者、职业图书馆学家、图书馆学攸关者、图书馆事业活动家,并做出具体分析。     

彝语语序中的几个问题

彝语是SOV型语言,大部分的语序符合类型学的已有结论,但也有一部分语序不符合类型学的已有结论.通过对彝语语序的梳理,列举了彝语语序研究中应解决的问题,为彝语的进一步研究做一些准备工作.     

文本类型学理论视角下的医院公示语汉英翻译——以扬州市六家医院为例

公示语是一种具有告示、劝导、指示、提示、警示和宣传等功能的文本,而医院公示语是公示语的重要组成部分,依据文本类型学翻译理论,可把文本分为三类:信息型文本、表达型文本和呼唤型文本;通过对扬州市区六家医院进行实地走访,梳理和归类所收集的素材,对这六家医院公示语存在的错误翻译进行分析,发现文本类型学翻译理论对医院公示语的翻译具有较强的指导作用。