2002-2003年度中国男子篮球甲级联赛"三人制"裁判员临场情况的调查分析

通过设计调查表对2002-2003年度中国男子篮球甲级联赛中三人制裁判员的临场情 况进行了统计分析。结果表明,裁判员在合理分配体能、判罚尺度与角度、三人协同配合、心理调 节等方面还存在着不尽合理的地方。建议,裁判员应加强三人制裁判法和规则的钻研学习,加强 体能锻炼,加强临场心理素质的培养,不断积累比赛临场经验,以促进和维护CBA的健康发展。     

影响篮球裁判员正确判罚值的主要因素

采用问卷调查法和常规统计法，对影响篮球裁判员正确判罚值的主要因素进行探析。结果发现，主要因素有篮球裁判员的专业理论知识、临场心理素质、职业道德等。     

客观知识的基本性质

客观知识具有创新性、中介性、可编码性、可传递性、无损耗性、可共享性、可加工性、不确定性等基本特性。认识这些基本性质 ,有助于理解知识、理解图书馆学和图书馆工作。参考文献 13。     

模糊综合评判在饭店员工培训评估中的应用

在饭店员工培训工作中，对员工进行科学合理的评估是非常必要的，因为它直接关系到今后培训工作的改进，关系到饭店企业的经营，关系到每位饭店员工的切身利益，单凭领导的主观判断或打分等方法，很难做到公平、公正。从饭店对员工的基本要求出发，运用模糊数学，构建模糊综合评判模型，对饭店员工进行评估。同时对该方法进行实证案例说明，并对该方法的优缺点进行分析评价。     

评价信息咨询的模糊综合评判法

从信息咨询的三要素：即信息源(各种文本知识)、媒介(咨询方式与咨询员)和信宿(读者)出发，归纳出15种评价信息咨询质量的指标，建立起评价指标体系，并提出一种模糊综合评判法，以客观地对图书馆信息咨询工作进行评价。     

Managing Uncertainty for Preventive Conservation

ABSTRACT

This paper examines how conservators engage with uncertainty when creating preventive conservation strategies. It argues that by recognising contexts in which uncertainty will be encountered conservators can develop effective management strategies. A typology of uncertainty explores a range of categories of uncertainty, their experience in preventive conservation and identifies distinct approaches to manage them. Managing uncertainty may include acts of defining its parameters, exposing and resolving through communication or protecting from with contingency. Whatever approach is adopted it must be accepted that uncertainty cannot be avoided. It is important therefore to aim to live well with uncertainty and the paper advocates for preventive conservation applications of strategies recommended in health care for patients with life-threatening illnesses. These strategies include working on things that can be controlled, goal setting, acceptance and factoring in emotions. The ability to identify contexts in which uncertainty is inbuilt should trigger those concerned with preventive conservation to activate strategies developed for managing and living well with uncertainty.     

学校设立“小金库”的主要手段和查证技巧

伴随审计制度的深化,面对审计力度逐步和持续加大的势态,学校＂小金库＂的设立手段和形式呈现出不断翻新并且更加隐蔽,笔者结合查证学校＂小金库＂的实践,提出一些针对性查证技巧,与同行商榷.     

Individual and contextual factors in ethical decision making: A case study of the most significant doping scandal in Canadian university sports history

This case study is written for instructors of sport management courses focused on ethics and integrity-related issues in team environments. The case highlights the real world example of the University of Waterloo Warriors varsity football that, in 2010, experienced the most significant doping scandal in Canadian university sports history, with a total of nine anti-doping rule violations asserted through the Canadian Centre for Ethics in Sport. This case study also incorporates the findings of an independent review of the Waterloo football program in relation to the use of banned substances, and includes first-hand accounts from Bob Copeland who was the acting director of athletics. These findings are then interpreted in the context of relevant theory related to performance enhancing drugs (PEDs) use. Along with the findings of this review, which included interviews with athletes, coaches, and administrators, the case study provides important insights into ethical decision making processes and leadership structures in a team sport environment. Particular emphasis is placed on the role that individual cognitive antecedents and contextual organizational factors (i.e., policies, leadership, ethical climate, and infrastructure) play in ethical decision-making processes.     

普通高校非体育专业学生篮球裁判员培养研究

采用文献资料法对普通高校非体育专业学生篮球裁判员的实际培养现状进行分析。结果表明：普通高校非体育专业学生篮球裁判员培养具有师资力量强、外语水平高及实践机会多等方面的优势,并提出非体育专业学生篮球裁判员培养的目标及具体策略,旨在为促进高校校园篮球的发展提供参考。     

中苏论战对毛泽东转变世界战争认识的影响--从"世界大战可以避免"到"世界大战不可避免"的观点变化

20世纪60年代后,毛泽东改变了原先“世界大战可以避免或推迟”的判断,突出地强调战争爆发的危险性,从而对中国的建设走向产生极大的影响。毛泽东这一判断变化的过程,与中苏两党关系的演变有着密切的关系。中苏两党从产生分歧、摩擦到公开论战,在一系列问题上形成对立,其中包括关于战争与和平问题的认识。中苏论战产生的影响是多层面的。从中苏论战的影响这一大背景,厘清毛泽东改变判断的原因,有助于更准确和更科学地作出历史的评价。毛泽东形成“战争不可避免”的观点以及对战争的高度警觉,决不是其个人主观意志的产物,而是在特定时代背景影响下、特殊历史事件作用下的结果。