Neighborhood crime undermines parenting: Violence in the vicinity of households as a predictor of aggressive discipline

Child discipline is a central component of parent-child interactions. Evidence suggests corporal discipline impairs children’s physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development and compromises their future chances, especially since it is more frequently used against at-risk children. Using geocoded data for 1209 children under the age of five and their mothers, this study analyses the relation between the occurrence of crimes in close proximity to households in four major urban municipalities of Colombia and a particularly violent corporal discipline practice: hitting children with objects. Results indicate that exposure to violent crimes, such as homicides and personal injuries, predicts a higher probability of hitting children with objects, even after controlling for a set of individual, family, and neighborhood characteristics. Sensitivity analyses suggest violent crimes are not related to other discipline methods, and less threatening crimes, such as robbery and drug trafficking, are not associated with hitting children with objects. These findings suggest households’ walls are permeable, and outside threats may interfere with families’ dynamics and well-being. Future directions and implications are discussed.     

园林景观动画设计初探

本文通过对计算机三维动画的相关理论与技术的初步探讨，并结合环境景观动画的制作实例，介绍了该技术在园林景观动画设计方面的应用和发展前景。     

我国城市景观体育赛事开展现状的初步探讨——以上海城市景观体育为视角

主要运用文献资料法和逻辑演绎法,就景观的概念、城市景观体育赛事的内涵和外延、城市景观体育赛事的开展现状进行分析,指出目前开展城市景观体育赛事需要注意的问题,并提出了一些对策建议。     

城市图书馆通借通还项目管理与体制创新研究

涉及通借通还的图书馆管理模式现有3种:总馆-分馆管理模式、分散-共建管理模式和分散-整合管理模式。3种管理模式在组织架构、管理链、资产管理、馆藏与服务等方面各有长短。由通借通还的普及引起城市图书馆管理体制改革。作为一个体制创新思路,图书馆直接对市民负责,城市与城区各级人大代表控制拨款,委托文化行政管理部门具体管理,可以把“分灶吃饭”与总分馆制的优越性结合起来。图3。表1。参考文献2。     

现代图书馆理念的应用与彰显——《城市图书馆新馆建设》读与思

从现代图书馆理念应用的角度分析《,城市图书馆新馆建设》一书所体现的是20世纪90年代以来我国城市公共图书馆在建筑设计和布局、服务功能和服务提供、宏观和微观管理上的变化。提供开放、平等、多元、包容以及数字化的服务,满足人们的休闲、交流和求知需求,突破行政体制障碍进行集群管理,建设普遍的图书馆服务网络,使城市图书馆成为社区的实际存在,成为城市言之有物的文化标志而非装饰品等是其主要内容。     

先进的城市文化需要公共图书馆事业的同步发展

“以人为本”是城市文化的价值回归，为了获得意义上的统一。图书馆文化必须与城市文化具有一致性。从城市文化的视角观察公共图书馆的社会职能，公共图书馆以它特定的职业方式向社会传递着“人文关怀”。而城市文化的发展战略又给公其图书馆事业带来了机会。     

Modellierung und kartographische Visualisierung von Geodaten mit XML-basierten Sprachen

Zusammenfassung Mit den XML-basierten Sprachen GML, XSLT und SVG lassen sich Geodaten nicht nur anwendungsorientiert modellieren, sondern auch karten?hnlich visualisieren. In dieser Fallstudie zeigen wir das, indem wir realistische Geodatenbest?nde der Landesvermessungs?mter zun?chst mit der Geography Markup Language (GML) nachmodellieren. So mit GML strukturierte Daten werden dann mit der Extensible Stylesheet Language for Transformation (XSLT) auf Elemente der Sprache Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) abgebildet. Dabei wird der Prozess der kartografischen Visualisierung durch XSLT-Konstrukte modelliert und auch gleichzeitig implementiert. Als Ergebnis erhalten wir Grafiken, die den entsprechenden Karten der Landes?mter zumindest nicht un?hnlich sind.

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Using the XML-based languages GML, XSLT and SVG, we modeled German geo data and also visualized it in map-like graphics. This case study shows the feasibility of that approach, by modelling the data with the Geography Markup Language (GML). Then, the GML-structured data is mapped with the Extensible Stylesheet Language for Transformation (XSLT) to elements of the language Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG). The process of cartographical visualization is thus modelled through XSLT-constructs and at same time also implemented. The results are graphics, which share close ressemblance to the corresponding maps of the official offices.

CR Subject Classification I.3.3,I.3.5,I.6.5,I.7.2,J.2     

The ‘Leeds Lake District’: Water Supply,Rural Environment,and the Cultural Landscape in Victorian and Edwardian Britain

ABSTRACT

This article highlights the benefits of cultural readings of the environment by showing how the reservoirs of the Washburn Valley, built by the Leeds Corporation between 1869 and 1879 and vital sources of potable water for the urban population, altered the area’s cultural landscape. An examination of Leeds-based newspapers and locally published guidebooks will show how the reservoirs positively affected Romantic depictions of the area, whilst the use of the phrase ‘the Leeds Lake District’ fabricated a sense of civic pride between the town and its hinterland, an area positively affected by the implementation of urban engineering.     

渐江绘画艺术形式对安徽建筑景观设计的启迪

渐江曾生活于现今的安徽地域,对安徽的人文风貌在其画作中描绘了许多。渐江的绘画画风笔墨严谨、格调简约,对描绘的自然景物高度概括,虽然用墨偏淡,但不显虚空。画面形式具有现代设计学的韵味,构图独特。这种当时的新视觉形式,不仅影响了中国的山水画,而且也给安徽建筑景观设计在形式和意境方面带来了影响和启示。     

徽州古村落山水文化解读--以唐模、灵山为中心

唐模与灵山等徽州古村落所以具有天人和谐的无限魅力，成为当时最佳的人居环境，取决于徽州人在环境选择、调适乃至创建中所坚持的顺应自然、亲和山水的自觉意识，关爱自然、物我共荣的伦理守则。珍重并发掘徽州古村落历尽沧桑而弥足珍贵的山水文化资源和生态伦理文化遗存，对于构建中国现代生态伦理学体系大有裨益。